1. Academic Validation
  2. PARP inhibitors chemopotentiate and synergize with cisplatin to inhibit bladder cancer cell survival and tumor growth

PARP inhibitors chemopotentiate and synergize with cisplatin to inhibit bladder cancer cell survival and tumor growth

  • BMC Cancer. 2022 Mar 23;22(1):312. doi: 10.1186/s12885-022-09376-9.
Sayani Bhattacharjee 1 2 Matthew J Sullivan 2 Rebecca R Wynn 2 3 Alex Demagall 2 3 Andrew S Hendrix 2 Puneet Sindhwani 2 3 Firas G Petros 2 3 Nagalakshmi Nadiminty 4 5 6 7
Affiliations

Affiliations

  • 1 Department of Urology, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Toledo Health Science Campus, 3000 Arlington Avenue, Toledo, OH, 43614, USA.
  • 2 Department of Cancer Biology, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Toledo Health Science Campus, 3000 Arlington Avenue, Toledo, OH, USA.
  • 3 Graduate Program in Cancer Biology, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Toledo Health Science Campus, 3000 Arlington Avenue, Toledo, OH, USA.
  • 4 Department of Urology, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Toledo Health Science Campus, 3000 Arlington Avenue, Toledo, OH, 43614, USA. [email protected].
  • 5 Department of Cancer Biology, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Toledo Health Science Campus, 3000 Arlington Avenue, Toledo, OH, USA. [email protected].
  • 6 Graduate Program in Cancer Biology, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Toledo Health Science Campus, 3000 Arlington Avenue, Toledo, OH, USA. [email protected].
  • 7 College of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Toledo Health Science Campus, 3000 Arlington Avenue, Toledo, OH, 43614, USA. [email protected].
Abstract

Background: Management of bladder Cancer (BLCA) has not changed significantly in the past few decades, with platinum agent chemotherapy being used in most cases. Chemotherapy reduces tumor recurrence after resection, but debilitating toxicities render a large percentage of patients ineligible. Recently approved immunotherapy can improve outcomes in only a third of metastatic BLCA patients. Therefore, more options for therapy are needed. In this study, we explored the efficacy of PARP inhibitors (PARPi) as single agents or as combinations with platinum therapy.

Methods: We treated BLCA cells with PARPi (olaparib, niraparib, rucaparib, veliparib, or talazoparib) alone or as the combination of cisplatin with PARPi. We then measured their survival, proliferation, Apoptosis, as well as their ability to form colonies. BLCA xenografts in male SCID mice were treated similarly, followed by the assessment of their growth, proliferation, and Apoptosis.

Results: PARPi niraparib and talazoparib were effective in reducing BLCA cell survival as single agents. Combinations of Cisplatin with talazoparib and niraparib effectively reduced the survival of BLCA cells, while veliparib was not effective even at high concentrations. In vivo, the combinations of cisplatin with niraparib, rucaparib, or talazoparib reduced BLCA xenograft growth significantly.

Conclusions: We provide evidence that PARPi can be effective against BLCA as single agents or as combinatorial therapy with cisplatin.

Keywords

Bladder cancer; Cisplatin; Combination therapy; DNA damage repair; PARP inhibition; Urothelial carcinoma.

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