1. GPCR/G Protein Neuronal Signaling
  2. Cannabinoid Receptor
  3. AM251

AM251 is a selective cannabinoid 1 (CB1) receptor antagonist with an IC50 of 8 nM. AM251 also acts as a potent GPR55 agonist with an EC50 of 39 nM.

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AM251 Chemical Structure

AM251 Chemical Structure

CAS No. : 183232-66-8

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5 mg USD 55 In-stock
10 mg USD 94 In-stock
50 mg USD 315 In-stock
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Customer Review

Based on 19 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Top Publications Citing Use of Products

    AM251 purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol. 2018 Aug;45(8):832-840.  [Abstract]

    Pretreatment of AM251 (10 nM, for 30 minutes) reverses the Spermidine (Spd)-provided suppression on the high glucose (HG)-induced upregulations of p16INK4a in HT-22 cells.

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    • Biological Activity

    • Protocol

    • Purity & Documentation

    • References

    • Customer Review

    Description

    AM251 is a selective cannabinoid 1 (CB1) receptor antagonist with an IC50 of 8 nM. AM251 also acts as a potent GPR55 agonist with an EC50 of 39 nM[1][2][3].

    IC50 & Target

    IC50: 8 nM (CB1 receptor)[1]

    In Vitro

    AM251 is a CB1 receptor antagonist/inverse agonist. AM251 produces an agonist response in HEK293 cells, similar to that found in the yeast expression system[2].
    ? AM-251 reduces cholesteryl ester synthesis in unstimulated and acetylated LDL-stimulated Raw 264.7 macrophages, CB2+/+ and CB2-/- peritoneal macrophages[3].

    MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

    In Vivo

    The CB1 antagonist AM251 (3 mg/kg, i.p.) decreases capsaicin-evoked nocifensive behavior. This suppressive effect is genotype dependent, and the interaction between the effects of genotype and AM251 approached significance. Planned comparisons reveal that AM251 reduces nocifensive behaviors in fatty-acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) KO mice (p<0.01) but fails to alter nocifensive behavior in WT mice (p>0.2) relative to their respective vehicle controls. AM251 (3 mg/kg, i.p.) reduces the duration of heat hypersensitivity in FAAH KO (F1,9=21.43, p<0.01) but not WT mice (p>0.3). AM251 suppresses capsaicin-evoked heat hypersensitivity in a time-dependent manner in FAAH KO (F5,9=4.349, p<0.01) but not in WT mice (p>0.3). Post-hoc analysis reveals that FAAH KO mice receiving vehicle (i.p.) display heightened thermal hypersensitivity at 30 (p<0.05), 60 (p<0.05), and 90 (p<0.001) minutes post-capsaicin in comparison to FAAH KO animals receiving AM251)[4].
    ? One-way ANOVA shows that AM251 (AM-251) injected into the rats significantly decreases both of the percentage of entries in the open arms and time spent in the open arms, compare to controls. The Tukey-Kramer test analysis reveals a significant reduction for the doses of 1 mg/kg (P<0.05) and 5 mg/kg (P<0.01) compare to control rats in the time spent in the open arms. Also, AM251 significantly decreases percentage of entries in the open arms for the doses of 1 and 5 mg/kg (P<0.05)[5].

    MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

    Molecular Weight

    555.24

    Formula

    C22H21Cl2IN4O

    CAS No.
    Appearance

    Solid

    Color

    White to off-white

    SMILES

    O=C(C1=NN(C2=CC=C(Cl)C=C2Cl)C(C3=CC=C(I)C=C3)=C1C)NN4CCCCC4

    Shipping

    Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

    Storage
    Powder -20°C 3 years
    4°C 2 years
    In solvent -80°C 2 years
    -20°C 1 year
    Solvent & Solubility
    In Vitro: 

    DMSO : 25 mg/mL (45.03 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

    Preparing
    Stock Solutions
    Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
    1 mM 1.8010 mL 9.0051 mL 18.0102 mL
    5 mM 0.3602 mL 1.8010 mL 3.6020 mL
    View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

    * Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
    Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.

    • Molarity Calculator

    • Dilution Calculator

    Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

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    Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)

    This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C1V1 = C2V2

    Concentration (start)

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    In Vivo:

    Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

    For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
    To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for in vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
    The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

    • Protocol 1

      Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    40% PEG300    5% Tween-80    45% Saline

      Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (4.50 mM); Clear solution

      This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

      Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.

      Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
    • Protocol 2

      Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    90% Corn Oil

      Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (4.50 mM); Clear solution

      This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown). If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.

      Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL Corn oil, and mix evenly.

    In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
    Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

    Dosage

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    Number of animals

    Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
    Please enter your animal formula composition:
    %
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    Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
    The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
    Calculation results:
    Working solution concentration: mg/mL
    Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL  DMSO (Stock solution concentration: mg/mL).
    The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only. If necessary, please contact MedChemExpress (MCE).
    Method for preparing in vivo working solution for animal experiments: Take μL DMSO stock solution, add μL . μL , mix evenly, next add μL Tween 80, mix evenly, then add μL Saline.
     If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.
    Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.
    Purity & Documentation

    Purity: 99.25%

    References
    Kinase Assay
    [3]

    Macrophages are seeded (2×106/well) in 12-well culture plates. AM-251 or SR144528 are added from 4 mM stock solutions prepared in DMSO, 1h prior to the addition of 7-ketocholesterol (7KC) from a 2 mg/mL ethanol stock solution. Controls are adjusted to receive equivalent volumes of DMSO and ethanol. After 16 h, caspase-3 activity is determined. All treatments are done in triplicate and the data presented as the mean RFLU/mg protein±SD[3].

    MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

    Animal Administration
    [4][5]

    Mice[4]
    A total of 246 mice weighing 17-48 g are used in these experiments. Following determination of baseline responding, mice receive a single i.p injection (5 mL/kg) of AMG9810 (3 mg/kg, n=5 per group), AM251 (3 mg/kg, n=5 per group), or vehicle (n=6 per group). I.p. injections are performed 30 min prior to i.pl. capsaicin or vehicle administration. Paw withdrawal latencies are assessed before and 10, 30, 60, 90 and 120 min after intradermal injection of capsaicin or vehicle. Paw withdrawal latencies are measured in duplicate in each paw at each time point, and are reported as the mean of the two duplicate determinations from each animal, averaged across subjects.
    Rats[5]
    Male Wistar rats weighting 250-350 are used.The following agents are used: CB1 receptor agonist, Win-55212 (0.3, 1 and 5 mg/kg, i.p. ); CB1 receptor antagonist, AM251 (0.3, 1 and 5 mg/kg, i.p.); endocannabinoid breakdown inhibitor, URB-597 (0.03, 0.1 and 0.3 mg/kg, i.p.) in the study. Physiological saline (0.9% sodium chloride) is used as the vehicle. All drugs are prepared freshly and administered intraperitoneally (i.p.) in a volume of 0.1 mL per 10 g of body weight of the rats. All substances are dissolved in physiological saline and are administrated 30 min before elevated plus-maze test.

    MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

    References

    Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

    * Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
    Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.

    Optional Solvent Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg
    DMSO 1 mM 1.8010 mL 9.0051 mL 18.0102 mL 45.0256 mL
    5 mM 0.3602 mL 1.8010 mL 3.6020 mL 9.0051 mL
    10 mM 0.1801 mL 0.9005 mL 1.8010 mL 4.5026 mL
    15 mM 0.1201 mL 0.6003 mL 1.2007 mL 3.0017 mL
    20 mM 0.0901 mL 0.4503 mL 0.9005 mL 2.2513 mL
    25 mM 0.0720 mL 0.3602 mL 0.7204 mL 1.8010 mL
    30 mM 0.0600 mL 0.3002 mL 0.6003 mL 1.5009 mL
    40 mM 0.0450 mL 0.2251 mL 0.4503 mL 1.1256 mL
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    • Do most proteins show cross-species activity?

      Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

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    Product Name:
    AM251
    Cat. No.:
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