Cat. No.: HY-N0567

Hydroxysafflor yellow A

(Synonyms: Safflomin A; HSYA)

13 Cited Publications

Customer Review

Based on 13 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Hydroxysafflor yellow A (Safflomin A) is a natural product of flavonoids isolated from safflower. Hydroxysafflor yellow A can inhibit cell proliferation and promote apoptosis through the autophagy pathway. Hydroxysafflor yellow A has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antitumor effects. Hydroxysafflor yellow A can be used in the study of cardiovascular disease.

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

Purity: 99.46%
CAS No.: 78281-02-4
Formula: C₂₇H₃₂O₁₆
Molecular Weight:612.53

Storage:

4°C, protect from light

* In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light)

Hydroxysafflor yellow A Chemical Structure

CAS No.: 78281-02-4

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Top Publications Citing

Use of MCE Products

Fluorescent Dye

Strong Fluorescence Signal / Multi-Disciplinary Applications / High Fluorescence Specificity

Biological Activity
- Description
- In Vitro
- In Vivo
Chemical Information
Publications (13)
Solvent & Solubility
- In Vitro
- In Vivo
Purity & Documentation
References
Help & FAQs
Bioz

Biological Activity

Description

In Vitro

Hydroxysafflor yellow A (10 μM, 24 h) Inhibition of LPS-induced proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells by toll-like receptor-4 pathway^[1].
Hydroxysafflor yellow A (0.01-10 mg/L, 4-96 h) can promote the expression of fat-soluble specific enzyme HSL by increasing the activity of HSL promoter and inhibit the proliferation and adipogenesis of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes^[2].
Hydroxysafflor yellow A (1-100 μM), 12-24 h) decreases LPS-induced EC inflammatory damage by inhibiting p38 MAPK phosphorylation, NF-κB activation, high expression of inflammatory factors and leukocyte adhesion to EC^[3].
Hydroxysafflor yellow A (20-160 μM, 24-48 h) inhibits cell proliferation and promotes apoptosis by blocking the autophagy flux in liver cancer cells^[6].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Cell Migration Assay ^[1]

Cell Line:

VSMCs
Concentration:

0.1, 1, 10,100 μM
Incubation Time:

24 h
Result:

Inhibited LPS-induced VSMCs proliferation and migration with the concentration of 10 μM.

Western Blot Analysis^[1]

Cell Line:

VSMCs
Concentration:

10 μM
Incubation Time:

24 h
Result:

Inhibited LPS-induced upregulation of pro-inflammatory factors (TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-8).
Inhibited LPS-induced upregulation of TLR-4 and activation of Rac1/Akt pathway.

Cell Viability Assay^[2]

Cell Line:

3T3-L1
Concentration:

0.01, 0.1, 1, 10 mg/L
Incubation Time:

4, 8, 24, 48, 72, 96 h
Result:

Inhibit the cell viability in a dose and time-dependent manner.

Apoptosis Analysis^[6]

Cell Line:

HepG2, Huh7
Concentration:

20, 40, 80, 160 μM
Incubation Time:

24 h
Result:

Suppressed the growth and induced apoptotic cell death in both concentration and time-dependent manners.
Augmented the induction of autophagosomes.

In Vivo

Hydroxysafflor yellow A (2.5 or 10 mg/kg/day, intraperitoneal injection for 6 weeks) protects the liver from long-term alcohol damage by enhancing antioxidant capacity and inhibiting TGF-β1 expression^[4].
Hydroxysafflor yellow A (30, 48, 76.8 mg/kg, intraperitoneal injection) has a protective effect on inflammatory damage in rats with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease by reducing NF-κB and p38MAPK signal transduction^[5].
Hydroxysafflor yellow A (1.135, 2.25 mg/kg, intraperitoneal injection) can inhibit tumor growth and block autophagy of liver cancer cells in tumor models of nude mice^[6].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Animal Model:

Liver injury model induced by alcohol^[4]
Dosage:

2.5 or 10 mg/kg
Administration:

i.p. daily for 6 weeks
Result:

Decreased the level of ALT and AST.
Decreased the levels of HA, LN, and III-C.
Increased the activities of SOD and GPx and decreased the level of TGF-β1 expression.

Animal Model:

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)^[5]
Dosage:

30, 48, 76.8 mg/kg
Administration:

i.p.
Result:

Inhibited the elevated IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α, ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 mRNA Levels.
Inhibited the increased phosphorylation and NF-κB p65 levels.

Chemical Information

CAS No. 78281-02-4
Appearance Solid
Molecular Weight 612.53
Formula C₂₇H₃₂O₁₆
Color Yellow to orange
SMILES

OC(C(O)=C1C(/C=C/C2=CC=C(O)C=C2)=O)([C@]([C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@@H]3O)O)([H])O[C@@H]3CO)C(O)=C([C@@H]([C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@@H]4O)O)O[C@@H]4CO)C1=O
Synonyms

Safflomin A; HSYA
Structure Classification
- Flavonoids
- Chalcones
- Phenols
- Monophenols
Initial Source
Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
Storage

4°C, protect from light

* In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light)

Publications (13)

All Cell Proliferation/Viability AssayCell Migration/Invasion AssayHistological Imaging/StainingApoptosis AnalysisWB

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Journal Impact Factor

Acta Pharm Sin B

Chrysin serves as a novel inhibitor of DGK α/FAK interaction to suppress the malignancy of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). [Abstract]

2021 Jan;11(1):143-155. PMID: 33532186
Pharmacol Res

Cardamonin retards progression of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease via inhibiting renal cyst growth and interstitial fibrosis. [Abstract]

2020 May;155:104751. PMID: 32151678
Food Chem

Effects of sun drying combined with baking processes on the flavor quality of Chongqing Tuocha raw tea. [Abstract]

2025 Dec 30:497:146992. PMID: 41285060
Food Chem

Flavonoid-mediated metabolic underpinning quality variation in red bud-sport pear mutants. [Abstract]

2025 May 31:489:144992. PMID: 40466530
Drug Des Devel Ther

Luteolin Alleviates Liver Fibrosis in Rat Hepatic Stellate Cell HSC-T6: A Proteomic Analysis. [Abstract]

2023 Jun 17:17:1819-1829. PMID: 37360572

Hydroxysafflor yellow A purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Drug Des Devel Ther. 2023 Jun 17:17:1819-1829. [Abstract]

Cell viabilities in the Hydroxysafflor yellow A (HSYPA) (200 µM), Apigenin (20 µM), and Luteolin (10 µM) groups were all significantly lower in the absence of TGFβ1, while no differences were observed in the SYPA group.
CNS Neurosci Ther

Tongqiao Huoxue Decoction ameliorates traumatic brain injury-induced gastrointestinal dysfunction by regulating CD36/15-LO/NR4A1 signaling, which fails when CD36 and CX3CR1 are deficient. [Abstract]

2023 Jun;29 Suppl 1(Suppl 1):161-184. PMID: 37157929
Pharmaceuticals (Basel)

Bruceine D Identified as a Drug Candidate against Breast Cancer by a Novel Drug Selection Pipeline and Cell Viability Assay. [Abstract]

2022 Jan 31;15(2):179. PMID: 35215292
Int Immunopharmacol

HSYA ameliorates venous thromboembolism by depleting the formation of TLR4/NF-κB pathway-dependent neutrophil extracellular traps. [Abstract]

2024 Nov 5;143(Pt 3):113534. PMID: 39504860
Cell Biochem Biophys

Hydroxysafflor Yellow A of Carthamus Tinctorius L., Represses the Malignant Development of Esophageal Cancer Cells via Regulating NF-κB Signaling Pathway. [Abstract]

2020 Dec;78(4):511-520. PMID: 32705535

Hydroxysafflor yellow A purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Cell Biochem Biophys. 2020 Dec;78(4):511-520. [Abstract]

The invasive and migratory ability of KYSE-30 cells after being treated with Hydroxysafflor yellow A (HSYA) (20 μM, 24 h).

Hydroxysafflor yellow A purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Cell Biochem Biophys. 2020 Dec;78(4):511-520. [Abstract]

Induction of apoptosis in KYSE-30 cells after Hydroxysafflor yellow A (HSYA) (20 μM, 24 h) treatment.

Hydroxysafflor yellow A purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Cell Biochem Biophys. 2020 Dec;78(4):511-520. [Abstract]

After KYSE-30 cells were treated with 20 µM Hydroxysafflor yellow A (HSYA) for 24 h, the protein expression levels of ICAM1, MMP9, TNF-α, and VCAM1 were all upregulated when compared with that in NC group via western blot analysis.
Exp Ther Med

Protective effect of hydroxysafflor yellow A on renal ischemia‑-reperfusion injury by targeting the Akt‑Nrf2 axis in mice. [Abstract]

2022 Nov 3;24(6):741. PMID: 36478883

Hydroxysafflor yellow A purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Exp Ther Med. 2022 Nov 3;24(6):741. [Abstract]

Representative photomicrographs of H&E stained kidney sections, pretreatment with Hydroxysafflor yellow A (HSYA) (100 mg/kg, i.p.) reduced the severity of the tubular injury.
Am J Transl Res

Hydroxysafflor yellow A promotes multiterritory perforating flap survival: an experimental study. [Abstract]

2020 Aug 15;12(8):4781-4794. PMID: 32913550
Acta Cir Bras

Protective effect of hydroxysafflor yellow A on cyclosporin A-induced renal oxidative stress in vitro and in vivo. [Abstract]

2022 Jun 15;37(3):e370305. PMID: 35730865
Evid Based Complement Alternat Med

Hydroxysafflor Yellow A (HSYA) Protects Endplate Chondrocytes Against IL-1 β-Induced Injury Through Promoting Autophagy. [Abstract]

2022 Jul 4:2022:6326677. PMID: 35832517

Solvent & Solubility

In Vitro:

H₂O : ≥ 100 mg/mL (163.26 mM)

DMSO : 87.5 mg/mL (142.85 mM; ultrasonic and warming and heat to 60°C; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

* "≥" means soluble, but saturation unknown.

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Preparing Stock Solutions

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Concentration Solvent Mass

1 mg

5 mg

10 mg

Concentration

Solvent

Mass

1 mM

1.6326 mL

8.1629 mL

16.3257 mL

5 mM

0.3265 mL

1.6326 mL

3.2651 mL

10 mM

0.1633 mL

0.8163 mL

1.6326 mL

Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.

Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

Molarity Calculator

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

Mass Mass

Concentration Concentration

Volume Volume

Molecular Weight Molecular Weight

Dilution Calculator

Concentration _(start) × Volume _(start) = Concentration _(final) × Volume _(final)

Concentration _(start) Concentration _(start)

Volume _(start) Volume _(start)

Concentration _(final) Concentration _(final)

Volume _(final) Volume _(final)

In Vivo:

Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

Stock Solution Working Solution

For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for In Vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

Protocol 1

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 45% Saline

Solubility: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (3.40 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (20.8 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.

Protocol 2

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)

Solubility: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (3.40 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (20.8 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.

In Vivo Dissolution Calculator

Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

Dosage Dosage
mg/kg
Animal Weight (Per Animal) Animal Weight (Per Animal)
g
Dosing Volume (Per Animal) Dosing Volume (Per Animal)
μL
Number of Animals Number of Animals

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.

Working solution concentration: 0.22 mg/mL

This product has good water solubility, please refer to the measured solubility data in water/PBS/Saline for details.

The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only.If necessary, please contact

MedChemExpress (MCE) .

Purity & Documentation

Select Batch:

Purity: 99.98%

Assay: 99.98%

ee.: 99.98%

Data Sheet (286 KB)
SDS (393 KB)
- English - EN (393 KB)
- Français - FR (393 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (393 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (393 KB)
- Español - ES (393 KB)
- Swedish - SV (393 KB)
- Italian - IT (393 KB)
- Korean - KR (393 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (393 KB)
COA (2659 KB)
Elemental Analysis Report (2659 KB)
HNMR (2659 KB)
CNMR (2659 KB)
RP-HPLC (2659 KB)
NP-HPLC (2659 KB)
MS (2659 KB)
LCMS (2659 KB)
IR (2659 KB)
GC (2659 KB)
OR (2659 KB)
SDS-PAGE (2659 KB)
SEC-HPLC (2659 KB)
Other Report (2659 KB)
Handling Instructions (2659 KB)

References

[1]. Yang G, et al. Hydroxysafflor yellow A inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells via Toll-like receptor-4 pathway. Int J Clin Exp Med. 2015 Apr 15;8(4):5295-302. [Content Brief]

[2]. Zhu HJ, et al. Hydroxysafflor yellow A (HYSA) inhibited the proliferation and differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. Cytotechnology. 2015 Oct;67(5):885-92. [Content Brief]

[3]. Jin M, et al. Hydroxysafflor yellow A attenuate lipopolysaccharide-induced endothelium inflammatory injury. Chin J Integr Med. 2016 Jan;22(1):36-41. [Content Brief]

[4]. He Y, et al. Protective effects of hydroxysafflor yellow A (HSYA) on alcohol-induced liver injury in rats. J Physiol Biochem. 2015 Mar;71(1):69-78. [Content Brief]

[5]. Jin M, Xue et al. Protective Effect of Hydroxysafflor Yellow A on Inflammatory Injury in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Rats. Chin J Integr Med. 2019 Oct;25(10):750-756. [Content Brief]

[6]. Wu N, et al. Hydroxysafflor yellow A promotes apoptosis via blocking autophagic flux in liver cancer. Biomed Pharmacother. 2021 Apr;136:111227. [Content Brief]

Help & FAQs

How should lyophilized recombinant proteins be reconstituted and stored?

1. Before opening the cap, centrifuge the vial at 13000 rpm for 20-30 seconds. This step will ensure that any lyophilized powder that may have adhered to the cap or walls is collected at the bottom of the vial, minimizing the risk of product loss.

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Optional Solvent	Concentration Solvent Mass	1 mg	5 mg	10 mg	25 mg
DMSO / H₂O	1 mM	1.6326 mL	8.1629 mL	16.3257 mL	40.8143 mL
	5 mM	0.3265 mL	1.6326 mL	3.2651 mL	8.1629 mL
	10 mM	0.1633 mL	0.8163 mL	1.6326 mL	4.0814 mL
	15 mM	0.1088 mL	0.5442 mL	1.0884 mL	2.7210 mL
	20 mM	0.0816 mL	0.4081 mL	0.8163 mL	2.0407 mL
	25 mM	0.0653 mL	0.3265 mL	0.6530 mL	1.6326 mL
	30 mM	0.0544 mL	0.2721 mL	0.5442 mL	1.3605 mL
	40 mM	0.0408 mL	0.2041 mL	0.4081 mL	1.0204 mL
	50 mM	0.0327 mL	0.1633 mL	0.3265 mL	0.8163 mL
	60 mM	0.0272 mL	0.1360 mL	0.2721 mL	0.6802 mL
	80 mM	0.0204 mL	0.1020 mL	0.2041 mL	0.5102 mL
	100 mM	0.0163 mL	0.0816 mL	0.1633 mL	0.4081 mL

* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

Keywords

Hydroxysafflor yellow A

13 Cited Publications

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Hydroxysafflor yellow A

Apoptosis Compound Library

Immunology/Inflammation Compound Library

Natural Product Library

Anti-Cancer Compound Library

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Publications Citing Use of MedChemExpress (MCE) Hydroxysafflor yellow A

Biological Activity

Chemical Information

Publications (13)

Solvent & Solubility

Purity & Documentation

References

Help & FAQs

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Hydroxysafflor yellow A Related Classifications

Cat. No.: HY-N0567