2. Asperuloside

Asperuloside is an iridoid isolated from Hedyotis diffusa, with anti-inflammatory activity. Asperuloside inhibits inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), suppresses NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways.

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Asperuloside Chemical Structure

Asperuloside Chemical Structure

CAS No. : 14259-45-1

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Based on 2 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Asperuloside Related Antibodies

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Description

Asperuloside is an iridoid isolated from Hedyotis diffusa, with anti-inflammatory activity. Asperuloside inhibits inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), suppresses NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways[1].

In Vitro

Asperuloside (0-160 μg/mL, 1 h) inhibits productions of NO, PGE2, TNF-α and IL-6 in LPS-Induced RAW 264.7 cells[1].
Asperuloside (0-5 mM, 24 h) inhibits cell viability and induces ER stress dependent apoptosis in leukemia cell lines (U937, HL-60, AML)[1].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Asperuloside Related Antibodies

Western Blot Analysis[3]

Cell Line: U937 cells
Concentration: 0-5 mM
Incubation Time: 24 h
Result: Increased the cleaved Caspase-3, Caspase-9, and PARP, and Cyto-c release from mitochondria.
Induced expression of GRP78, p-PERK, p-eIF2α, CHOP, p-IRE1, XBP1, ATF6 and cleaved Caspase-12
In Vivo

Asperuloside (p.o., 3 mg/day, 0.3% in diet, daily, 12 weeks) reduces food intake, body weight, and adipose masses in rats consuming a high fat diet (HFD)[2].
Asperuloside (30 and 60 mg/kg, i.p., 30 days) inhibits tumor growth of U937 xenografts mice model[3].
Asperuloside (20-80 mg/kg, i.p.) relieves LPS-induced acute lung injury via inhibiting MAPK and NF-κB signaling in BALB/c mice[4].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Animal Model: Rats consuming a high fat diet (HFD)[2]
Dosage: 3 mg/day
Administration: p.o., 0.3% in diet, daily, 12 weeks
Result: Reduced body weight, energy intake, adiposity, blood glucose, and plasma insulin.
Molecular Weight

414.36

Formula

C18H22O11
CAS No.
Appearance

Solid

Color

Off-white to light yellow

SMILES

O=C1O[C@]2([H])[C@@]3([H])[C@](C(COC(C)=O)=C2)([H])[C@H](O[C@H]4[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@@H](CO)O4)O)O)O)OC=C13
Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
Storage

4°C, protect from light

*In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light)

Solvent & Solubility
In Vitro: 

DMSO : 100 mg/mL (241.34 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

Preparing
Stock Solutions
Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 2.4134 mL 12.0668 mL 24.1336 mL
5 mM 0.4827 mL 2.4134 mL 4.8267 mL
View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

  • Molarity Calculator

  • Dilution Calculator

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

Mass
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Concentration
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Volume
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Molecular Weight *

Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)

This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C1V1 = C2V2

Concentration (start)

C1

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Volume (start)

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C2

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Volume (final)

V2

In Vivo:

Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for in vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

  • Protocol 1

    Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    40% PEG300    5% Tween-80    45% Saline

    Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (6.03 mM); Clear solution

    This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

    Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.

    Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
  • Protocol 2

    Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)

    Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (6.03 mM); Clear solution

    This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

    Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.

    Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.
In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

Dosage

mg/kg

Animal weight
(per animal)

g

Dosing volume
(per animal)

μL

Number of animals

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Please enter your animal formula composition:
%
DMSO +
% 
+
%
Tween-80 +
%
Saline
Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
Calculation results:
Working solution concentration: mg/mL
Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL  DMSO (Stock solution concentration: mg/mL).

*In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light)

The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only. If necessary, please contact MedChemExpress (MCE).
Method for preparing in vivo working solution for animal experiments: Take μL DMSO stock solution, add μL . μL , mix evenly, next add μL Tween 80, mix evenly, then add μL Saline.
 If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.
Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.
Purity & Documentation

Purity: 99.79%

COA (257 KB) HNMR (274 KB) LCMS (267 KB)

Handling Instructions (2659 KB)

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

Optional Solvent Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg
DMSO 1 mM 2.4134 mL 12.0668 mL 24.1336 mL 60.3340 mL
5 mM 0.4827 mL 2.4134 mL 4.8267 mL 12.0668 mL
10 mM 0.2413 mL 1.2067 mL 2.4134 mL 6.0334 mL
15 mM 0.1609 mL 0.8045 mL 1.6089 mL 4.0223 mL
20 mM 0.1207 mL 0.6033 mL 1.2067 mL 3.0167 mL
25 mM 0.0965 mL 0.4827 mL 0.9653 mL 2.4134 mL
30 mM 0.0804 mL 0.4022 mL 0.8045 mL 2.0111 mL
40 mM 0.0603 mL 0.3017 mL 0.6033 mL 1.5084 mL
50 mM 0.0483 mL 0.2413 mL 0.4827 mL 1.2067 mL
60 mM 0.0402 mL 0.2011 mL 0.4022 mL 1.0056 mL
80 mM 0.0302 mL 0.1508 mL 0.3017 mL 0.7542 mL
100 mM 0.0241 mL 0.1207 mL 0.2413 mL 0.6033 mL
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Help & FAQs
  • Do most proteins show cross-species activity?

    Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

Keywords:

Asperuloside14259-45-1Inhibitorinhibitorinhibit

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