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CD209 antigen

Definition:

Pathogen-recognition receptor expressed on the surface of immature dendritic cells (DCs) and involved in initiation of primary immune response. Thought to mediate the endocytosis of pathogens which are subsequently degraded in lysosomal compartments. The receptor returns to the cell membrane surface and the pathogen-derived antigens are presented to resting T-cells via MHC class II proteins to initiate the adaptive immune response.; On DCs it is a high affinity receptor for ICAM2 and ICAM3 by binding to mannose-like carbohydrates. May act as a DC rolling receptor that mediates transendothelial migration of DC presursors from blood to tissues by binding endothelial ICAM2. Seems to regulate DC-induced T-cell proliferation by binding to ICAM3 on T-cells in the immunological synapse formed between DC and T-cells.; (Microbial infection) Acts as an attachment receptor for HIV-1 and HIV-2.; (Microbial infection) Acts as an attachment receptor for Ebolavirus.; (Microbial infection) Acts as an attachment receptor for Cytomegalovirus.; (Microbial infection) Acts as an attachment receptor for HCV.; (Microbial infection) Acts as an attachment receptor for Dengue virus.; (Microbial infection) Acts as an attachment receptor for Measles virus.; (Microbial infection) Acts as an attachment receptor for Herpes simplex virus 1.; (Microbial infection) Acts as an attachment receptor for Influenzavirus A.; (Microbial infection) Acts as an attachment receptor for SARS-CoV.; (Microbial infection) Acts as an attachment receptor for Japanese encephalitis virus.; (Microbial infection) Acts as an attachment receptor for Lassa virus. Acts as an attachment receptor for Marburg virusn.; (Microbial infection) Acts as an attachment receptor for Respiratory syncytial virus.; (Microbial infection) Acts as an attachment receptor for Rift valley fever virus and uukuniemi virus.; (Microbial infection) Acts as an attachment receptor for West-nile virus.; (Microbial infection) Probably recognizes in a calcium-dependent manner high mannose N-linked oligosaccharides in a variety of bacterial pathogen antigens, including Leishmania pifanoi LPG, Lewis-x antigen in Helicobacter pylori LPS, mannose in Klebsiella pneumonae LPS, di-mannose and tri-mannose in Mycobacterium tuberculosis ManLAM and Lewis-x antigen in Schistosoma mansoni SEA. Recognition of M.tuberculosis by dendritic cells occurs partially via this molecule.

References:

[1]. Pierre-Yves Lozach, et al. DC-SIGN as a receptor for phleboviruses. Cell Host Microbe. 2011 Jul 21;10(1):75-88. [Content Brief]

[2]. Lot de Witte, et al. Measles virus targets DC-SIGN to enhance dendritic cell infection. J Virol. 2006 Apr;80(7):3477-86. [Content Brief]

[3]. T B Geijtenbeek, et al. DC-SIGN-ICAM-2 interaction mediates dendritic cell trafficking. Nat Immunol. 2000 Oct;1(4):353-7. [Content Brief]

[4]. Ana-Rita Goncalves, et al. Role of DC-SIGN in Lassa virus entry into human dendritic cells. J Virol. 2013 Nov;87(21):11504-15. [Content Brief]

[5]. Maria V Carroll, et al. Identification of four novel DC-SIGN ligands on Mycobacterium bovis BCG. Protein Cell. 2010 Sep;1(9):859-70. [Content Brief]

[6]. Luis B Barreiro, et al. Promoter variation in the DC-SIGN-encoding gene CD209 is associated with tuberculosis. PLoS Med. 2006 Feb;3(2):e20. [Content Brief]

[7]. Boonrat Tassaneetrithep, et al. DC-SIGN (CD209) mediates dengue virus infection of human dendritic cells. J Exp Med. 2003 Apr 7;197(7):823-9. [Content Brief]

[8]. Carl W Davis, et al. West Nile virus discriminates between DC-SIGN and DC-SIGNR for cellular attachment and infection. J Virol. 2006 Feb;80(3):1290-301. [Content Brief]

[9]. T B Geijtenbeek, et al. DC-SIGN, a dendritic cell-specific HIV-1-binding protein that enhances trans-infection of T cells. Cell. 2000 Mar 3;100(5):587-97. [Content Brief]

[10]. Teresa R Johnson, et al. Respiratory syncytial virus glycoprotein G interacts with DC-SIGN and L-SIGN to activate ERK1 and ERK2. J Virol. 2012 Feb;86(3):1339-47. [Content Brief]

[11]. Graham Simmons, et al. DC-SIGN and DC-SIGNR bind ebola glycoproteins and enhance infection of macrophages and endothelial cells. Virology. 2003 Jan 5;305(1):115-23. [Content Brief]

[12]. Anneke Engering, et al. The dendritic cell-specific adhesion receptor DC-SIGN internalizes antigen for presentation to T cells. J Immunol. 2002 Mar 1;168(5):2118-26. [Content Brief]

[13]. Masayuki Shimojima, et al. Distinct usage of three C-type lectins by Japanese encephalitis virus: DC-SIGN, DC-SIGNR, and LSECtin. Arch Virol. 2014 Aug;159(8):2023-31. [Content Brief]

[14]. Franck Halary, et al. Human cytomegalovirus binding to DC-SIGN is required for dendritic cell infection and target cell trans-infection. Immunity. 2002 Nov;17(5):653-64. [Content Brief]

[15]. Wai K Lai, et al. Expression of DC-SIGN and DC-SIGNR on human sinusoidal endothelium: a role for capturing hepatitis C virus particles. Am J Pathol. 2006 Jul;169(1):200-8. [Content Brief]

[16]. Emmanuel G Cormier, et al. L-SIGN (CD209L) and DC-SIGN (CD209) mediate transinfection of liver cells by hepatitis C virus. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 Sep 28;101(39):14067-72. [Content Brief]

[17]. Marein A W P de Jong, et al. Dendritic cells mediate herpes simplex virus infection and transmission through the C-type lectin DC-SIGN. J Gen Virol. 2008 Oct;89(Pt 10):2398-2409. [Content Brief]

[18]. Andrea Marzi, et al. DC-SIGN and DC-SIGNR interact with the glycoprotein of Marburg virus and the S protein of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus. J Virol. 2004 Nov;78(21):12090-5. [Content Brief]

[19]. Sylvain Pitarque, et al. Deciphering the molecular bases of Mycobacterium tuberculosis binding to the lectin DC-SIGN reveals an underestimated complexity. Biochem J. 2005 Dec 15;392(Pt 3):615-24. [Content Brief]

[20]. Fabienne Haspot, et al. Human cytomegalovirus entry into dendritic cells occurs via a macropinocytosis-like pathway in a pH-independent and cholesterol-dependent manner. PLoS One. 2012;7(4):e34795. [Content Brief]

[21]. Sarah L Londrigan, et al. N-linked glycosylation facilitates sialic acid-independent attachment and entry of influenza A viruses into cells expressing DC-SIGN or L-SIGN. J Virol. 2011 Mar;85(6):2990-3000. [Content Brief]

[22]. George Lin, et al. Differential N-linked glycosylation of human immunodeficiency virus and Ebola virus envelope glycoproteins modulates interactions with DC-SIGN and DC-SIGNR. J Virol. 2003 Jan;77(2):1337-46. [Content Brief]

[23]. Teunis B H Geijtenbeek, et al. Identification of different binding sites in the dendritic cell-specific receptor DC-SIGN for intercellular adhesion molecule 3 and HIV-1. J Biol Chem. 2002 Mar 29;277(13):11314-20. [Content Brief]

[24]. Ben J Appelmelk, et al. Cutting edge: carbohydrate profiling identifies new pathogens that interact with dendritic cell-specific ICAM-3-grabbing nonintegrin on dendritic cells. J Immunol. 2003 Feb 15;170(4):1635-9. [Content Brief]

[25]. Zhi-Yong Yang, et al. pH-dependent entry of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus is mediated by the spike glycoprotein and enhanced by dendritic cell transfer through DC-SIGN. J Virol. 2004 Jun;78(11):5642-50. [Content Brief]

[26]. B M Curtis, et al. Sequence and expression of a membrane-associated C-type lectin that exhibits CD4-independent binding of human immunodeficiency virus envelope glycoprotein gp120. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1992 Sep 1;89(17):8356-60. [Content Brief]

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