2. Disease Areas
  3. Urogenital Disease
  4. Renal Disease
  5. Kidney Stones

Kidney Stones

Kidney stone disease (KSD) is a complex and multifactorial condition characterized by the formation of mineral deposits in the kidneys, with calcium oxalate (CaOx) being the most common stone type (65.9%), followed by carbapatite (15.6%), urate (12.4%), struvite (2.7%), and brushite (1.7%). Stone formation involves intricate metabolic disturbances affecting various substances in urine, and its pathophysiology has evolved from being viewed as an isolated renal disorder to a systemic condition linked to broader metabolic and clinical issues. There is a male predominance in CaOx and urate stones, while carbapatite and struvite stones are more prevalent in females. Growing evidence supports associations between kidney stones and systemic conditions such as obesity, diabetes mellitus, and cardiovascular disease, highlighting the need for a comprehensive approach to diagnosis and management.

Kidney Stones (1):

Cat. No. Product Name CAS No. Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-W338584
    Hydroxycitric acid tripotassium 232281-44-6 98.0%
    Tripotassium hydroxycitrate is an orally active, multi-target, multi-bioactive organic acid. Tripotassium hydroxycitrate activates Nrf2 and its downstream molecule GPX4, increases glutathione levels, and thereby inhibits ferroptosis. Tripotassium hydroxycitrate activates the Nrf2/Keap1 and ACLY/NF-κB signaling pathways, upregulates the activities of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase, reduces MDA content, thereby alleviating oxidative stress and renal tubular epithelial cell apoptosis, and improves pulmonary vascular and right ventricular remodeling. Tripotassium hydroxycitrate activates both the AMPK and mTORC1/S6K pathways, triggers the unfolded protein response, arrests the cancer cell cycle, and induces DNA fragmentation.
    Hydroxycitric acid tripotassium