JNK pathway signaling: a novel and smarter therapeutic targets for various biological diseases

Future Med Chem. 2015;7(15):2065-86. doi: 10.4155/fmc.15.132.

Ankit Kumar ¹, Umesh K Singh ¹, Suvarna G Kini ², Vikas Garg ², Saurabh Agrawal ³, Praveen K Tomar ⁴, Prateek Pathak ¹, Anurag Chaudhary ³, Pratibha Gupta ⁵, Amrita Malik ⁴

Affiliations

1 Kharvel Subharti College of Pharmacy, Swami Vivekanand Subharti University, NH-58, Meerut-250005, Uttar Pradesh, India.
2 Manipal college of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal University, Manipal, Karnataka-576104, India.
3 Meerut Institute of Engineering & Technology, NH-58, Meerut Bypass Road, Meerut-250005, Uttar Pradesh, India.
4 Department of Chemistry, Zakir Husain Delhi College, University of Delhi, New Delhi-110002, India.
5 Mahatma Gandhi Chitrakoot Gramodaya Vishwavidyalaya, Chitrakoot, Satna-485334, Madhya Pradesh, India.

PMID: 26505831 DOI: 10.4155/fmc.15.132

Abstract

JNK pathway regulates various physiological processes including inflammatory responses, cell differentiation, cell proliferation, cell death, cell survival and expression of proteins. Deregulation of JNK is linked with various diseases including neurodegenerative disease, autoimmune disease, diabetes, Cancer, cardiac hypertrophy and asthma. Three distinct genes JNK1, JNK2 and JNK3 have been identified as regulator of JNK pathway. JNK1 and JNK2 have broad tissue distribution and play a potential role in Insulin resistance, inflammation and cell signaling. JNK3 is predominantly found in the CNS neurons, making it an attractive target for neurodegenerative disorders. In this review, we summarize the evidence supporting JNK as a potent therapeutic target, and small molecules from various chemical classes as JNK inhibitors.

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