2. Academic Validation
  3. 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide (4NQO) induced oral carcinogenesis: A systematic literature review

4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide (4NQO) induced oral carcinogenesis: A systematic literature review

  • Pathol Res Pract. 2022 Aug:236:153970. doi: 10.1016/j.prp.2022.153970.
Gisele Corrêa de Oliveira Zigmundo 1,  Lauren Frenzel Schuch 2,  Tuany Rafaeli Schmidt 1,  Felipe Martins Silveira 3,  Marco Antônio Trevizani Martins 1,  Vinicius Coelho Carrard 1,  Manoela Domingues Martins 4,  Vivian Petersen Wagner 5
Affiliations

Affiliations

  • 1 Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
  • 2 Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, Universidade de Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil.
  • 3 Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Molecular Pathology Area, School of Dentistry, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay.
  • 4 Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, Universidade de Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil.
  • 5 Academic Unit of Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine and Pathology, Department of Clinical Dentistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK. Electronic address: [email protected].
PMID: 35709549 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2022.153970
Abstract

Objective: Based on a critical review of published studies, we aimed to develop a good practice guide for using 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide (4NQO) as an inducer of oral carcinogenesis in Wistar rats.

Design: A systematic search was performed on Medline Ovid, PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Scopus databases. The SYRCLE's risk of bias tool was used to assess the quality of the studies.

Results: Thirty-five articles met the selection criteria; 22 (62.9%) of them administered 4NQO systemically in drinking water, with a mean concentration of 30.2 ppm (SD±15.9) and during a mean period of 20.8 (SD±7.8) weeks. The Other 13 (37.1%) studies performed topical applications of 4NQO painting the oral mucosa of the Animals three times a week (100%) with a mean period of administration of 16.8 (SD±7.0) weeks. Different 4NQO concentrations used for Other periods achieved significant tumor development. Most studies didn't perform quantitative clinical analysis, and the histopathological diagnosis/grading criteria varied considerably.

Conclusions: A poor description of solution care, adverse effects, and the number of losses were observed, and the reporting of these features needs to be improved. Suggestions to guide the development of future research are provided.

Keywords

Animal models; Chemoprevention; Head and neck neoplasms; Oral cancer; Precancerous conditions; Prognosis.

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