2. Academic Validation
  3. Exogenously Applied Rohitukine Inhibits Photosynthetic Processes, Growth and Induces Antioxidant Defense System in Arabidopsis thaliana

Exogenously Applied Rohitukine Inhibits Photosynthetic Processes, Growth and Induces Antioxidant Defense System in Arabidopsis thaliana

  • Antioxidants (Basel). 2022 Aug 3;11(8):1512. doi: 10.3390/antiox11081512.
Sajad Ahmed 1 2,  Mohd Asgher 3,  Amit Kumar 1 4,  Sumit G Gandhi 1 4
Affiliations

Affiliations

  • 1 Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, Jammu and Kashmir, India.
  • 2 Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, Punjab, India.
  • 3 Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, School of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Baba Ghulam Shah Badshah University, Rajouri 185234, Jammu and Kashmir, India.
  • 4 Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India.
PMID: 36009231 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11081512
Abstract

The secondary metabolite rohitukine has been reported in only a few plant species, including Schumanniophyton magnificum, S. problematicum, Amoora rohituka, Dysoxylum acutangulum and D. gotadhora. It has several biological activities, such as Anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antiadipogenic, immunomodulatory, gastroprotective, anti-implantation, antidyslipidemic, anti-arthritic and anti-fertility properties. However, the ecological and physiological roles of rohitukine in parent Plants have yet to be explored. Here for the first time, we tried to decipher the physiological effect of rohitukine isolated from D. gotadhora on the model system Arabidopsis thaliana. Application of 0.25 mM and 0.5 mM rohitukine concentrations moderately affected the growth of A. thaliana, whereas a remarkable decrease in growth and the alteration of various morphological, physiological and biochemical mechanisms were observed in Plants that received 1.0 mM of rohitukine as compared to the untreated control. A. thaliana showed considerable dose-dependent decreases in leaf area, fresh weight and dry weight when sprayed with 0.25 mM, 0.5 mM and 1.0 mM of rohitukine. Rohitukine exposure resulted in the disruption of photosynthesis, Photosystem II (PSII) activity and degradation of chlorophyll content in A. thaliana. It also triggered oxidative stress in visualized tissues through antioxidant enzyme activity and the expression levels of key genes involved in the antioxidant system, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX). Rohitukine-induced changes in levels of metabolites (Amino acids, sugars, organic acids, etc.) were also assessed. In light of these results, we discuss (i) the likely ecological importance of rohitukine in parent Plants as well as (ii) the comparison of responses to rohitukine treatment in Plants and mammals.

Keywords

Arabidopsis; ROS; antioxidants; metabolome; rohitukine.

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