2. Academic Validation
  3. Emodin and rhapontigenin inhibit the replication of African swine fever virus by interfering with virus entry

Emodin and rhapontigenin inhibit the replication of African swine fever virus by interfering with virus entry

  • Vet Microbiol. 2023 Sep:284:109794. doi: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2023.109794.
Yanchen Guo 1,  Yang Chen 1,  Qiumei Wang 1,  Zhiyuan Wang 1,  Lang Gong 2,  Yankuo Sun 2,  Zebu Song 1,  Hao Chang 1,  Guihong Zhang 3,  Heng Wang 4
Affiliations

Affiliations

  • 1 Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Research Center for African Swine Fever Prevention and Control, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Severe Clinical Animal Diseases, Guangzhou 510642, China; African Swine Fever Regional Laboratory of China (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 510642, China.
  • 2 Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Research Center for African Swine Fever Prevention and Control, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; African Swine Fever Regional Laboratory of China (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 510642, China; Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Maoming 525000, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Vaccine Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510642, China.
  • 3 Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Research Center for African Swine Fever Prevention and Control, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; African Swine Fever Regional Laboratory of China (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 510642, China; Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Maoming 525000, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Vaccine Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510642, China. Electronic address: [email protected].
  • 4 Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Research Center for African Swine Fever Prevention and Control, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Severe Clinical Animal Diseases, Guangzhou 510642, China; African Swine Fever Regional Laboratory of China (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 510642, China. Electronic address: [email protected].
PMID: 37295229 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2023.109794
Abstract

Africa swine fever (ASF) is a highly pathogenic contagion caused by African swine fever virus (ASFV), which not only affects the development of domestic pig industry, but also causes huge losses to the world agricultural economy. Vaccine development targeting ASFV remains elusive, which leads to severe difficulties in disease prevention and control. Emodin (EM) and rhapontigenin (RHAG), which are extracted from the dried rhizome of Polygonum knotweed, have various biological properties such as anti-neoplastic and anti-bacterial activities, but no studies have reported that they have anti-ASFV effects. This study discovered that EM and RHAG at different concentrations had a significant dose-dependent inhibitory effect on the ASFV GZ201801 strain in porcine alveolar macrophages (PAMs), and at the specified concentration, EM and RHAG showed continuous inhibition at 24 h, 48 h and 72 h. Not only did they strongly impact virion attachment and internalization, but also inhibit the early stages of ASFV replication. Further research proved that the expression level of Rab 7 protein was reduced by EM and RHAG, and treatments with EM and RHAG induced the accumulation of free Cholesterol in endosomes and inhibited endosomal acidification, which prevented the virus from escaping and shelling from late endosomes. This study summarized the application of EM and RHAG in inhibiting ASFV replication in-vitro. Similarly, EM and RHAG targeted Rab 7 in the viral endocytosis pathway, inhibited viral Infection, and induced the accumulation of Cholesterol in the endosomes and the acidification of the endosomes to inhibit uncoating. A reference could be made to the results of this study when developing Antiviral drugs and vaccines.

Keywords

ASFV; Cholesterol; Emodin; Endosomal acidification; Rab 7; Rhapontigenin.

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