2. Academic Validation
  3. Upconversion mesoporous silica nanoparticles co-delivering celecoxib and rose bengal enable multimodal immunogenic and anti-angiogenic therapy for spinal metastasis of non-small cell lung cancer

Upconversion mesoporous silica nanoparticles co-delivering celecoxib and rose bengal enable multimodal immunogenic and anti-angiogenic therapy for spinal metastasis of non-small cell lung cancer

  • Oncogene. 2026 Mar;45(9):823-839. doi: 10.1038/s41388-026-03679-y.
Xinxin Li # 1 2,  Shuangmei Liu # 3,  Ruoyu Wang 4 5,  Xinlei Wang 6
Affiliations

Affiliations

  • 1 Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.
  • 2 Department of Hematology and Breast Cancer, Cancer Hospital of Dalian University of Technology, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang, China.
  • 3 Department of Anesthesiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
  • 4 Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China. [email protected].
  • 5 The Key Laboratory of Biomarker High Throughput Screening and Target Translation of Breast and Gastrointestinal Tumor, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Zhongshan District, Dalian, China. [email protected].
  • 6 Department of Interventional Therapy, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China. [email protected].
  • # Contributed equally.
PMID: 41673094 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-026-03679-y
Abstract

Non-small cell lung Cancer (NSCLC) with spinal metastasis represents a clinical challenge due to its aggressive nature, limited treatment options, and profound impact on patient quality of life. Here, we report the development of an innovative upconversion mesoporous silica nanoparticle (UCMS) platform co-loaded with celecoxib and rose bengal (UCMS@CXB/RB), engineered to synergistically combine photodynamic therapy (PDT) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibition. Upon near-infrared (NIR) irradiation, UCMS@CXB/RB generated abundant Reactive Oxygen Species, triggered immunogenic cell death, and significantly suppressed prostaglandin E2 signaling, leading to reduced angiogenesis and improved antitumor immunity. In vitro and in vivo studies confirmed that this nanoplatform effectively remodeled the tumor microenvironment, inhibited tumor growth, and alleviated cancer-induced spinal dysfunction. Single-cell multi-omics analysis further revealed dynamic crosstalk among immune cells, tumor cells, and endothelial populations, providing mechanistic insights into the multifaceted therapeutic effects of UCMS@CXB/RB. Our results underscore the clinical potential of integrating PDT with targeted COX-2 blockade to address the complex pathophysiology of NSCLC spinal metastasis. This study presents a promising minimally invasive therapeutic strategy with strong translational relevance for managing metastatic NSCLC and improving patient outcomes.

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