PD-L1 Protein, Human (Biotinylated, HEK293, Fc-Avi)

The PD-L1 protein critically regulates immune tolerance by acting as a ligand for PDCD1/PD-1, regulating T cell activation threshold, and limiting effector responses. It may act as a costimulatory molecule for IL10-producing T cell subsets. PD-L1 Protein, Human (Biotinylated, HEK293, Fc-Avi) is the recombinant human-derived PD-L1 protein, expressed by HEK293 , with C-Avi, C-hFc labeled tag. The total length of PD-L1 Protein, Human (Biotinylated, HEK293, Fc-Avi) is 221 a.a., with molecular weight of 70-95 kDa.

PD-L1 Protein assumes a critical role in both the induction and maintenance of immune tolerance to self, acting as a ligand for the inhibitory receptor PDCD1/PD-1 and thereby modulating the activation threshold of T-cells, ultimately limiting their effector response. Additionally, PD-L1 may function as a costimulatory molecule for T-cell subsets that predominantly produce interleukin-10 (IL10) through an as yet unidentified activating receptor. Beyond its role as an immune checkpoint, PD-L1 also acts as a transcription coactivator, translocating into the nucleus in response to hypoxia and interacting with phosphorylated STAT3 to promote the transcription of GSDMC, leading to pyroptosis. Exploited by tumors to attenuate anti-tumor immunity and escape immune system destruction, the PDCD1-mediated inhibitory pathway facilitated by PD-L1 interaction with PDCD1/PD-1 inhibits cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) effector function. Blocking the PDCD1-mediated pathway has shown promise in reversing exhausted T-cell phenotypes and normalizing anti-tumor responses, providing a rationale for cancer immunotherapy.

Human

HEK293

C-Avi;C-hFc

Q9NZQ7 (F19-T239)

29126  [NCBI]

FTVTVPKDLYVVEYGSNMTIECKFPVEKQLDLAALIVYWEMEDKNIIQFVHGEEDLKVQHSSYRQRARLLKDQLSLGNAALQITDVKLQDAGVYRCMISYGGADYKRITVKVNAPYNKINQRILVVDPVTSEHELTCQAEGYPKAEVIWTSSDHQVLSGKTTTTNSKREEKLFNVTSTLRINTTTNEIFYCTFRRLDPEENHTAELVIPELPLAHPPNERT

70-95 kDa

Greater than 95% as determined by reducing SDS-PAGE.

<1 EU/μg, determined by LAL method.