Basic green 4  (Synonyms: Malachite green)

Basic green 4 (Malachite green) is a cationic dye that is widely used as a bactericide in aquaculture and is also commonly used in laboratories for the determination of phosphates. Basic green 4 exhibits high cytotoxicity and carcinogenicity to mammalian cells, specifically shown by its IC₅₀ values of 2.03 µM for HEp-2 human laryngeal cells and 13.8 µM for Caco-2 human colorectal adenocarcinoma cells, and it can promote the development of liver tumors. The maximum absorbance wavelength is 621 nm^[1][2][3].

Guide (The following is our recommended experimental protocol. This protocol is for reference only and should be modified according to your specific needs).
Basic Green 4 Measurement of Phosphate^[1]
(1) Preparation of Basic Green 4 storage solution: Slowly add concentrated sulfuric acid (60 mL, d=1.84 g/L) to 300 mL of water. Cool the solution to room temperature and add 0.44 g of Basic Green 4.
(2) Preparation of Basic Green 4 working solution: Add 10 mL of the dye to 2.5 mL of 7.5% ammonium molybdate, then add 0.2 mL of 11% Tween 20.
(3) Mix 1 volume of Basic Green 4 with 4 volumes of the phosphate sample.
(4) Let it sit for ten minutes, then measure the absorbance at 630 nm.
Basic Green 4 Fungal Inhibition^[2]
(1) Collect fish eggs using spawning mats in a pond environment and rinse off the mud with well water.
(2) Place the fish eggs in a petri dish and add Basic Green 4 at a concentration of 2 ppm for 60 minutes, or at a concentration of 10 ppm for 10 minutes.
(3) Discard the Basic Green 4 and rinse the fish eggs multiple times with well water.
(4) Place the fish eggs in a petri dish with clean, oxygenated water and incubate at 22°C (72°F). Observe the newly hatched fry for 24 hours to determine the survival rate after treatment. Each concentration test is repeated six times.

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

364.91

C₂₃H₂₅ClN₂

569-64-2

Solid

Green to black

C/[N+](C)=C1C=C/C(C=C/1)=C(C2=CC=C(N(C)C)C=C2)\C3=CC=CC=C3.[Cl-]

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

4°C, sealed storage, away from moisture and light

*In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture and light)

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture and light). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

• [1]. A A Baykov, et al. A malachite green procedure for orthophosphate determination and its use in alkaline phosphatase-based enzyme immunoassay. Anal Biochem. 1988 Jun;171(2):266-70.  [Content Brief]

  [2]. Lloyd D. Wright, et al. Effect of Malachite Green and Formalin on the Survival of Largemouth Bass Eggs and Fry. The Progressive Fish-Culturist. 2011 Jan; Pages 155-157.

  [3]. Chowdhury. S, et al. Sea shell powder as a new adsorbent to remove Basic Green 4 (Malachite Green) from aqueous solutions: Equilibrium, kinetic and thermodynamic studies. Chemical Engineering Journal, 164(1), 168–177.