1. Academic Validation
  2. Enzymatic independent role of sphingosine kinase 2 in regulating the expression of type I interferon during influenza A virus infection

Enzymatic independent role of sphingosine kinase 2 in regulating the expression of type I interferon during influenza A virus infection

  • PLoS Pathog. 2022 Sep 7;18(9):e1010794. doi: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1010794.
Mengqiong Xu 1 2 Sisi Xia 3 Mei Wang 1 Xiaolian Liu 1 Xin Li 1 Weijie Chen 1 Yaohao Wang 1 Hongjian Li 1 2 Chuan Xia 2 4 Jun Chen 1 5 Jianguo Wu 1 5
Affiliations

Affiliations

  • 1 Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Virology, Institute of Medical Microbiology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.
  • 2 Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.
  • 3 Department of Biological Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China.
  • 4 College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.
  • 5 Foshan Institute of Medical Microbiology, Foshan, Guangdong, China.
Abstract

Influenza Virus has the ability to circumvent host innate immune system through regulating certain host factors for its effective propagation. However, the detailed mechanism is still not fully understood. Here, we report that a host sphingolipid metabolism-related factor, sphingosine kinase 2 (SPHK2), upregulated during influenza A virus (IAV) Infection, promotes IAV Infection in an enzymatic independent manner. The enhancement of the virus replication is not abolished in the catalytic-incompetent SPHK2 (G212E) overexpressing cells. Intriguingly, the sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) related factor HDAC1 also plays a crucial role in SPHK2-mediated IAV Infection. We found that SPHK2 cannot facilitate IAV Infection in HDAC1 deficient cells. More importantly, SPHK2 overexpression diminishes the IFN-β promoter activity upon IAV Infection, resulting in the suppression of type I IFN signaling. Furthermore, ChIP-qPCR assay revealed that SPHK2 interacts with IFN-β promoter through the binding of demethylase TET3, but not with the other promoters regulated by TET3, such as TGF-β1 and IL6 promoters. The specific regulation of SPHK2 on IFN-β promoter through TET3 can in turn recruit HDAC1 to the IFN-β promoter, enhancing the deacetylation of IFN-β promoter, therefore leading to the inhibition of IFN-β transcription. These findings reveal an enzymatic independent mechanism on host SPHK2, which associates with TET3 and HDAC1 to negatively regulate type I IFN expression and thus facilitates IAV propagation.

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Products
  • Cat. No.
    Product Name
    Description
    Target
    Research Area
  • HY-119016
    98.47%, SPHK1 Inhibitor