APRIL/TNFSF13 Protein, Mouse (HEK293, Fc)

APRIL protein (CD256) is a ligand in the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) family that can induce proliferation, regulate tumor cell growth, and may participate in mononuclear/macrophage-mediated immune process^[1]. APRIL protein is produced by myeloid cells and their precursors to accelerate cell maturation and peripheral rupture^[2]. APRIL protein has been widely used in the study of lymphatic malignancies. Mouse APRIL protein is a type II membrane protein with cytoplasmic domain, hydrophobic transmembrane domain and extracellular domain. APRIL/TNFSF13 Protein, Mouse (HEK293, Fc) is produced by HEK293 cells (A96-K240) with N-terminal Fc-tag.

APRIL/TNFSF13 Protein is a cytokine and an independent secretory ligand belongs to TNF family. It binds to TNFRSF13B/TACI and to TNFRSF17/BCMA. APRIL/TNFSF13 Protein plays a role in the regulation of tumor cell growth, may involve in monocyte/macrophage-mediated immunological processes^[1].
APRIL is produced by myeloid cells and their precursors in the bone marrow. APRIL is retained by surrounding tissues and via HSPG (heparan sulfate proteoglycans) is not retained. It accumulates in large amounts in the bone marrow, leading to more rapid cell maturation and peripheral burst. As for infection response, tonsil mucosa neutrophils present within the infected tissue were the main source of APRIL, whereas keratinocytes were the primary source of APRIL in tissues showing no symptoms of infection^[2].
APRIL acts function by binding BCMA (B cell maturation antigen) and TACI (transmembrane activator and CAML-interactor) and competes with TALL-I (also called BLyS or BAFF) for receptor binding. Soluble BCMA and TACI specifically prevent binding of APRIL and block APRIL-stimulated proliferation of primary B cells, and soluble BCMA is a dominant-negative molecule capable of inhibiting antibody production in vivo. Thus, APRIL stimulates in vitro the proliferation of primary lymphocytes, in addition to lymphoma cell lines, and promotes in vivo the accumulation of B cells in the spleen. Therefore, APRIL-TALL-I and BCMA-TACI form a two ligands-two receptors pathway involved in stimulation of B and T cell function. Moreover, APRIL is also a stimulator of tumor cell growth although TNRF death ligand-1 (TRDL-1), which induces tumor cell apoptosis^[1].
It is a type II membrane protein with a cytoplasmic domain, a hydrophobic transmembrane region, and an extracellular domain^[2]. Mouse and human APRIL proteins are 82% identical in the COOH-terminal part of the extracellular domain, which contains the presumed receptor-binding domain. And the protein sequences of human and mouse are different with similarity of 80.91%. The APRIL protein is most often studied in the context of lymphoid malignancies^[1].

APRIL (mouse; 0-1 mg/mL) stimulates proliferation of primary B cells^[1].
Flag-APRIL (mouse; 1 µg/mL) binds to A20 cells in the absence or presence of threefold excess on a molar basis of a soluble TNFR homolog competitor^[1].
Long Flag-APRIL (murine; 50-240 nM) binds to BCMA and TACI with K_d values of 1.31 nM and 0.6 nM, respectively^[1].
Short Flag-APRIL (murine; 101-240 nM) binds to BCMA and TACI with K_d values of 0.15 nM and 1.5 nM, respectively^[1].

APRIL (mouse; 1 mg/kg/d; i.p.; 5 d) results an increase in spleen weight and B cell numbers of mice accompanied by a decrease in those of CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T cells^[1].

Mouse

HEK293

N-hFc

Q9D777 (A96-K240)

69583  [NCBI]

Partial

AVLTQKHKKKHSVLHLVPVNITSKADSDVTEVMWQPVLRRGRGLEAQGDIVRVWDTGIYLLYSQVLFHDVTFTMGQVVSREGQGRRETLFRCIRSMPSDPDRAYNSCYSAGVFHLHQGDIITVKIPRANAKLSLSPHGTFLGFVK

Approximately 50-60 kDa, based on SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions.

• 
  ≥ 95%, as determined by reducing SDS-PAGE.

Lyophilized powder.

Lyophilized from a 0.22 μm filtered solution of PBS, pH 7.4.

<1 EU/μg, determined by LAL method.

It is not recommended to reconstitute to a concentration less than 100 μg/mL in ddH₂O. For long term storage it is recommended to add a carrier protein (0.1% BSA, 5% HSA, 10% FBS or 5% Trehalose).

Stored at -20°C for 2 years from date of receipt. After reconstitution, it is stable at 4°C for 1 week or -20°C for longer (with carrier protein). It is recommended to freeze aliquots at -20°C or -80°C for extended storage.

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

• [1]. Yu G, et al. APRIL and TALL-I and receptors BCMA and TACI: system for regulating humoral immunity. Nat Immunol. 2000 Sep;1(3):252-6.  [Content Brief]

  [2]. Yanping Xiao, et al. APRIL (TNFSF13) regulates collagen induced arthritis, IL-17 production and TH2 response. Eur J Immunol. 2008 Dec; 38(12): 3450–3458.  [Content Brief]

  [3]. Nowacka KH, et al. Role of the APRIL molecule in solid tumors. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 2021 Oct;61:38-44.  [Content Brief]