Calcineurin A/PPP3CA Protein, Human (sf9, His)

Calcineurin A, also known as PPP3CA, is a calcium-dependent, calmodulin-stimulated protein phosphatase that plays a pivotal role in transducing intracellular Ca(2+)-mediated signals. Known substrates often contain a PxIxIT motif and/or an LxVP motif, highlighting the specificity of its phosphatase activity. In response to elevated Ca(2+) levels, Calcineurin A dephosphorylates and activates phosphatase SSH1, leading to cofilin dephosphorylation. Furthermore, upon increased Ca(2+) levels following mitochondrial depolarization, Calcineurin A dephosphorylates DNM1L, inducing its translocation to the mitochondrion. The protein also positively regulates CACNA1B/CAV2.2-mediated Ca(2+) release probability at hippocampal neuronal soma and synaptic terminals. Calcineurin A dephosphorylates and activates transcription factor NFATC1, thereby regulating NFAT-mediated transcription by promoting nuclear translocation. Its broad array of functions includes the dephosphorylation of heat shock protein HSPB1, transcription factor ELK1, DARPP32, CRTC2, TFEB, and KLHL3, suggesting a crucial role in various cellular processes such as kidney development, secretion of salivary enzymes, bone formation, immune responses, and regulation of ion transport. The multifaceted roles of Calcineurin A underscore its significance in diverse cellular functions and signal transduction pathways.