IL-1 beta Protein, Human (E6K, His)
Based on 9 publication(s) in Google Scholar
IL-1 beta is a potent proinflammatory cytokine expressed by monocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells. IL-1 beta plays a key role in inflammation and immunologic reactions. IL-1 beta Protein, Human (E6K, His) is produced in E. coli with a N-Terminal His-tag. It consists of 269 amino acids (M1-S269).
- Species: Human
- Source: E. coli
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Storage:Stored at -20°C for 2 years from date of receipt. After reconstitution, it is stable at 4°C for 1 week or -20°C for longer (with carrier protein). It is recommended to freeze aliquots at -20°C or -80°C for extended storage.
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Biological Activity
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Technical Parameters
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Product Properties
- Documentation
- References
- Help & FAQs
Biological Activity
IL-1 beta is a potent proinflammatory cytokine expressed by monocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells. IL-1 beta plays a key role in inflammation and immunologic reactions[1][2]. IL-1 beta Protein, Human (E6K, His) is produced in E. coli with a N-Terminal His-tag. It consists of 269 amino acids (M1-S269).
Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) is one of the pro-inflammatory cytokines and is produced and secreted by a variety of cell types although the vast majority of studies have focussed on its production within cells of the innate immune system, such as monocytes and macrophages[1][2].
IL-1β is produced as inactive pro-IL-1β (encoded by pro-Il-1b) in response to inflammatory stimuli, including both microbial products and endogenous danger-associated molecules. IL-1β gene expression and synthesis of pro-IL-1β occurs after activation of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). Inflammatory stimuli also drive activation of cytosolic CARD and PYHIN domain-containing PRRs that recruit ASC and caspase-1 (Casp-1) to assemble into the multiprotein complex inflammasome. Pro-Casp-1 (encoded by pro-Casp-1), activated by the inflammasome, cleaves pro-IL-1β into the bioactive IL-1β. IL-1β acts in an autocrine/paracrine manner via the type I IL-1 receptor (IL-1R1)[1][2][3].
IL-1β could regulate the inflammatory response, and is involved in a variety of cellular activities, including cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. IL-1β also plays a significant regulator of reproduction in females[1][2][3].
IL-1β (1-15625 pg/mL; 12 hours) dose-dependently increases production of the NF-κB-dependent inflammatory cytokine TNF-α, and a significant effect of IL-1β is observed at concentrations as low as 5 pg/mL in immortalized murine RAW264.7 macrophages[1].
IL-1β (1, 1 and 1 ng/mL; 24 hours) results in a dose-dependent increase of cell proliferation in pig heart cells. IL-1β increases the gene expression of caspase-3, and increases the enzymatic activities of MMP-2 and MMP-9[2].
IL-1β (8 ng; i.p.; daily; for 3 days) rescues Casp1−/− mice, restores survival and reduces lung bacterial load (i.e. days , 1, and 2 post-infection) in Chlamydia pneumoniae infected Casp1−/− mice. Yet, mice treated later (days 2, 3 and 4 post-infection) shows significantly increased bacterial counts relative to early-treated mice[3].
Measured by its binding ability in a functional ELISA. Immobilized human IL1B at 10 μg/mL (100 μl/well) can bind human IL1R1 and the EC50 is 0.1-1.5 μg/mL.
Publications (9)
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Journal Impact Factor
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Most Recent
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Bone Res
Chaperone-mediated autophagy directs a dual mechanism to balance premature senescence and senolysis to prevent intervertebral disc degeneration. [Abstract]2025 Jun 12;13(1):62. PMID: 40506462 -
Adv Healthc Mater
Immunomodulatory Hydrogel for Electrostatically Capturing Pro-inflammatory Factors and Chemically Scavenging Reactive Oxygen Species in Chronic Diabetic Wound Remodeling. [Abstract]2024 Dec;13(31):e2402080. PMID: 39380409 -
Int J Biol Macromol
Crucial role of low molecular weight chondroitin sulfate from hybrid sturgeon cartilage in osteoarthritis improvement: Focusing on apoptosis, systemic inflammation, and intestinal flora. [Abstract]2025 Apr:298:139850. PMID: 39814287 -
Cell Rep
Small-molecule enhancement of METTL3 S-palmitoylation as a therapeutic strategy for osteoarthritis. [Abstract]2026 Feb 18;45(3):116993. PMID: 41719123 -
Ann Neurol
The IL-1β-STING Signaling Axis Drives Neuromyelitis Optica Pathogenesis in a Murine Model. [Abstract]2026 Apr 30. PMID: 42059549 -
Biosci Rep
Identification and Functional Validation of ACSL1 as a Biomarker Regulating Ferroptosis in Nucleus Pulposus Cell. [Abstract]2025 Apr 2;45(4):215-231. PMID: 40042449 -
Glycoconj J
SUMOylated GLUT1 inhibited the glycometabolism disorder in chondroctyes during osteoarthritis. [Abstract]2025 Feb;42(1):41-52. PMID: 39797965 -
COPD
Interleukin 1-Beta Potentially Contributes to Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Development by Inducing Reactive Oxygen Species Production in Neutrophils. [Abstract]2026 Dec;23(1):2650126. PMID: 41995691 -
Technical Parameters
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Species Human
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Source E. coli
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Tag N-10*His
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Accession
P01584/NP_000567.1 (M1-S269, E6K)
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Molecular Construction
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N-term
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10*His
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IL-1β (M1-S269, E6K)
Accession # P01584 -
C-term
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Protein Length
Full Length
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Synonyms
IL1B; IL-1B; Interleukin 1 Beta; Multifunctional Fusion Protein; IL1F2; Pro-Interleukin-1-Beta; Interleukin-1 Beta; Preinterleukin 1 Beta; IL1-BETA; Interleukin 1beta; IL-1 Beta; IL1beta; Catabolin; IL-1
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AA Sequence
MAEVPKLASEMMAYYSGNEDDLFFEADGPKQMKCSFQDLDLCPLDGGIQLRISDHHYSKGFRQAASVVVAMDKLRKMLVPCPQTFQENDLSTFFPFIFEEEPIFFDTWDNEAYVHDAPVRSLNCTLRDSQQKSLVMSGPYELKALHLQGQDMEQQVVFSMSFVQGEESNDKIPVALGLKEKNLYLSCVLKDDKPTLQLESVDPKNYPKKKMEKRFVFNKIEINNKLEFESAQFPNWYISTSQAENMPVFLGGTKGGQDITDFTMQFVSS
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Predicted Molecular Mass
32.3 kDa
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Molecular Weight
Approximately 34 kDa, based on SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions.
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Purity
≥ 95%, as determined by reducing SDS-PAGE.
Product Properties
Lyophilized powder
1.Lyophilized from a 0.22 μm filtered solution of 50 mM Tris-HCl, 300 mM NaCl, 200 mM arginine, pH 8.0.
Note: For SPR assay, please replace the buffer. Primary amine components (e.g., Tris, imidazole) can affect protein-coupled chips.
2.Lyophilized from a 0.22 μm filtered solution of PBS, pH 7.4.
Please refer to the lot-specific COA for specific buffer information.
<1 EU/μg, determined by LAL method.
It is not recommended to reconstitute to a concentration less than 100 μg/mL in ddH2O. For long term storage it is recommended to add a carrier protein (0.1% BSA, 5% HSA, 10% FBS or 5% Trehalose).
Stored at -20°C for 2 years from date of receipt. After reconstitution, it is stable at 4°C for 1 week or -20°C for longer (with carrier protein). It is recommended to freeze aliquots at -20°C or -80°C for extended storage.
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
Documentation
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Data Sheet (264 KB)
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SDS (252 KB)
- English - EN (252 KB)
- Français - FR (252 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (252 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (252 KB)
- Español - ES (252 KB)
- Swedish - SV (252 KB)
- Italian - IT (252 KB)
- Korean - KR (252 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (252 KB)
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Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
References
[1]. Jan Petrasek, et al. IL-1 receptor antagonist ameliorates inflammasome-dependent alcoholic steatohepatitis in mice. J Clin Invest. 2012 Oct;122(10):3476-89. [Content Brief]
[2]. Karina Zitta, et al. Interleukin-1beta regulates cell proliferation and activity of extracellular matrix remodelling enzymes in cultured primary pig heart cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2010 Sep 3;399(4):542-7. [Content Brief]
[3]. Kenichi Shimada, et al. Caspase-1 dependent IL-1β secretion is critical for host defense in a mouse model of Chlamydia pneumoniae lung infection. PLoS One. 2011;6(6):e21477. [Content Brief]
Calculators
Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)
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