Tifenazoxide
Based on 1 Customer Validation
Tifenazoxide (NN414) is a potent, orally active and SUR1/Kir6.2 selective KATP channels opener. Tifenazoxide has antidiabetic effect, can inhibit glucose stimulated insulin release in vitro and in vivo, and has a beneficial effect on glucose homeostasis.
For research use only. We do not sell to patients.
- Purity: 99.56%
- CAS No.: 279215-43-9
- Formula: C9H10ClN3O2S2
- Molecular Weight:291.78
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Storage:Powder -20°C, 3 years , 4°C, 2 years ; In solvent -80°C, 6 months , -20°C, 1 month
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Biological Activity
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Chemical Information
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Solvent & Solubility
- Purity & Documentation
- References
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Help & FAQs
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Biological Activity
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Cell Line
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Type | Value | Description | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Beta-TC3 | EC50 |
0.5 μM
Compound: 1a
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Repolarization of beta-TC3 cells
Repolarization of beta-TC3 cells
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[PMID: 16821773] |
| Beta-TC3 | EC50 |
0.5 μM
Compound: NN414, 7
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Repolarization of tolbutamide-depolarized beta-TC3 cells
Repolarization of tolbutamide-depolarized beta-TC3 cells
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[PMID: 17425298] |
| Beta-TC6 | EC50 |
0.25 μM
Compound: 1a
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Inhibition of glucose-stimulated insulin release in betaTC6 cells
Inhibition of glucose-stimulated insulin release in betaTC6 cells
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[PMID: 16821773] |
| Beta-TC6 | IC50 |
0.15 μM
Compound: 53
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Ability to inhibit the release of insulin from the mouse beta-TC6 cell line
Ability to inhibit the release of insulin from the mouse beta-TC6 cell line
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[PMID: 12213059] |
| Beta-TC6 | IC50 |
0.25 μM
Compound: NN414
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Concentration required for inhibition of glucose stimulated insulin release from beta TC6 cells
Concentration required for inhibition of glucose stimulated insulin release from beta TC6 cells
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[PMID: 15501029] |
| HEK293 | EC50 |
0.19 μM
Compound: 1a
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Repolarization of HEK293 cells expressing Kir6.2/SUR1 KATP channels
Repolarization of HEK293 cells expressing Kir6.2/SUR1 KATP channels
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[PMID: 16821773] |
| HEK293 | EC50 |
0.19 μM
Compound: NN414, 7
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Activity at Kir6.2/SUR1 KATP channels expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as repolarization of tolbutamide-induced membrane depolarization
Activity at Kir6.2/SUR1 KATP channels expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as repolarization of tolbutamide-induced membrane depolarization
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[PMID: 17425298] |
| HEK293 | EC50 |
0.45 μM
Compound: NN414, 7
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Activity at Kir6.2/SUR1 KATP channels expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as activation of K+ currents
Activity at Kir6.2/SUR1 KATP channels expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as activation of K+ currents
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[PMID: 17425298] |
| HEK293 | IC50 |
0.286 μM
Compound: 1a
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Displacement of [3H]glibenclamide from human Kir6.2/SUR1 expressed in HEK293 cells in presence of 2 mM ATP
Displacement of [3H]glibenclamide from human Kir6.2/SUR1 expressed in HEK293 cells in presence of 2 mM ATP
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[PMID: 16821773] |
| HEK293 | IC50 |
0.32 μM
Compound: 53
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Inhibition of [3H]glibenclamide binding to HEK293 cells co-expressing human Sulfonylurea receptor SUR1 and Inward rectifier K+ channel Kir6.2 at high affinity state with 2 mM MgATP
Inhibition of [3H]glibenclamide binding to HEK293 cells co-expressing human Sulfonylurea receptor SUR1 and Inward rectifier K+ channel Kir6.2 at high affinity state with 2 mM MgATP
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[PMID: 12213059] |
| HEK293 | IC50 |
165 μM
Compound: 53
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Inhibition of [3H]glibenclamide binding to HEK293 cells co-expressing human Sulfonylurea receptor SUR1 and Inward rectifier K+ channel Kir6.2 at low affinity state with 2 mM MgATP
Inhibition of [3H]glibenclamide binding to HEK293 cells co-expressing human Sulfonylurea receptor SUR1 and Inward rectifier K+ channel Kir6.2 at low affinity state with 2 mM MgATP
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[PMID: 12213059] |
| HEK293 | IC50 |
685 μM
Compound: 53
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Inhibition of [3H]glibenclamide binding to HEK293 cells co-expressing human Sulfonylurea receptor SUR1 and Inward rectifier K+ channel Kir6.2 without ATP
Inhibition of [3H]glibenclamide binding to HEK293 cells co-expressing human Sulfonylurea receptor SUR1 and Inward rectifier K+ channel Kir6.2 without ATP
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[PMID: 12213059] |
| HEK293 | IC50 |
696 μM
Compound: 1a
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Displacement of [3H]glibenclamide from human Kir6.2/SUR1 expressed in HEK293 cells
Displacement of [3H]glibenclamide from human Kir6.2/SUR1 expressed in HEK293 cells
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[PMID: 16821773] |
| INS-1E | EC50 |
0.21 μM
Compound: NN414, 7
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Inhibition of insulin release from rat INS-1E cells
Inhibition of insulin release from rat INS-1E cells
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[PMID: 17425298] |
| Murine cell line | EC50 |
0.6 μM
Compound: 53
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Changes in potassium fluxes assessed in the glucose responsive insulin-producing murine cell line beta-TC3
Changes in potassium fluxes assessed in the glucose responsive insulin-producing murine cell line beta-TC3
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[PMID: 12213059] |
Tifenazoxide (NN414) hyperpolarises βTC3 cell membranes, and inhibits insulin release from βTC6, from isolated rat islets and from human islets at least a 100-fold more potent than Diazoxide[2].
The EC50 values for Tifenazoxide and diazoxide are 0.45 and 31 µM, respectively in the patch-clamp assay. Tifenazoxide (100 µM) activates Kir6.2/SUR1 channels, but not Kir6.2/SUR2A or Kir6.2/SUR2 channels, expressed in Xenopus oocytes both in whole-cell and inside-out macropatch recordings[2].
Tifenazoxide is a potent inhibitor of glucose stimulated insulin release from βTC6 cells (IC50 = 0.15 µM)[1].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
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Animal Model:Male Vancouver diabetic fatty (VDF) Zucker rat[1]
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Dosage:1.5 mg/kg
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Administration:Oral administration; twice daily; for 3 weeks
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Result:Basal glucose was significantly reduced with the fall averaging 0.64 mM after 3 weeks of treatment.
| NCT Number | Sponsor | Condition | Start Date |
Phase
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| NCT01329991 | Plexxikon| | 2011-05 | PHASE1 |
Chemical Information
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CAS No. 279215-43-9
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Appearance Solid
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Molecular Weight 291.78
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Formula C9H10ClN3O2S2
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Color White to off-white
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SMILES
O=S1(N=C(NC2=C1SC(Cl)=C2)NC3(CC3)C)=O
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Synonyms
NN414
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Shipping
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
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Storage
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month
Solvent & Solubility
DMSO : 100 mg/mL (342.72 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)
Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.
- For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
- To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for In Vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
- The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.
Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 45% Saline
Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (8.57 mM); Clear solution
This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.
Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)
Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (8.57 mM); Clear solution
This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.
Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:
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Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Please enter your animal formula composition:
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%DMSO +
Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
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%+
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+%Tween-80 + +
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%Saline +
The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
Working solution concentration: 0.22 mg/mL
Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL DMSO. Stock solution concentration: mg/mL.
1. Take μL DMSO stock solution;
2. Add μL .
μL , mix evenly;
3. Then add μL Tween 80, mix evenly;
4. Then add μL
Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.
Purity & Documentation
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Data Sheet (276 KB)
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SDS (252 KB)
- English - EN (252 KB)
- Français - FR (252 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (252 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (252 KB)
- Español - ES (252 KB)
- Swedish - SV (252 KB)
- Italian - IT (252 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (252 KB)
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Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
References
[1]. Carr RD, et al. NN414, a SUR1/Kir6.2-selective potassium channel opener, reduces blood glucose and improves glucose tolerance in the VDF Zucker rat. Diabetes. 2003 Oct;52(10):2513-8. [Content Brief]
[2]. Hansen JB. Towards selective Kir6.2/SUR1 potassium channel openers, medicinal chemistry and therapeutic perspectives. Curr Med Chem. 2006;13(4):361-76. [Content Brief]
Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
| Optional Solvent | Concentration Solvent Mass | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | 25 mg |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DMSO | 1 mM | 3.4272 mL | 17.1362 mL | 34.2724 mL | 85.6810 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.6854 mL | 3.4272 mL | 6.8545 mL | 17.1362 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.3427 mL | 1.7136 mL | 3.4272 mL | 8.5681 mL | |
| 15 mM | 0.2285 mL | 1.1424 mL | 2.2848 mL | 5.7121 mL | |
| 20 mM | 0.1714 mL | 0.8568 mL | 1.7136 mL | 4.2840 mL | |
| 25 mM | 0.1371 mL | 0.6854 mL | 1.3709 mL | 3.4272 mL | |
| 30 mM | 0.1142 mL | 0.5712 mL | 1.1424 mL | 2.8560 mL | |
| 40 mM | 0.0857 mL | 0.4284 mL | 0.8568 mL | 2.1420 mL | |
| 50 mM | 0.0685 mL | 0.3427 mL | 0.6854 mL | 1.7136 mL | |
| 60 mM | 0.0571 mL | 0.2856 mL | 0.5712 mL | 1.4280 mL | |
| 80 mM | 0.0428 mL | 0.2142 mL | 0.4284 mL | 1.0710 mL | |
| 100 mM | 0.0343 mL | 0.1714 mL | 0.3427 mL | 0.8568 mL |
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