Cat. No.: HY-107641

α-Cyano-4-hydroxycinnamic acid

(Synonyms: α-Cyano-4-hydroxycinnamate)

13 Cited Publications

Customer Review

Based on 13 publication(s) in Google Scholar

α-Cyano-4-hydroxycinnamic acid (α-Cyano-4-hydroxycinnamate) is a potent and non-competitive inhibitor of monocarboxylate transporters (MCTs). α-Cyano-4-hydroxycinnamic acid inhibits mitochondrial pyruvate transporter with a K_i of 6.3 μM. α-Cyano-4-hydroxycinnamic acid is used as a matrix to facilitate peptide ionization in matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry applications.

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

Purity: 99.92%
CAS No.: 28166-41-8
Formula: C₁₀H₇NO₃
Molecular Weight:189.17

Storage:

Powder -20°C, 3 years , 4°C, 2 years ; In solvent -80°C, 6 months , -20°C, 1 month

α-Cyano-4-hydroxycinnamic acid Chemical Structure

CAS No.: 28166-41-8

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Fluorescent Dye

Strong Fluorescence Signal / Multi-Disciplinary Applications / High Fluorescence Specificity

Biological Activity
- Description
- Cellular Effect
- In Vitro
Chemical Information
Publications (13)
Solvent & Solubility
- In Vitro
- In Vivo
Purity & Documentation
References
Help & FAQs
Classifications
Bioz

Biological Activity

Description

All Monocarboxylate Transporter Isoforms :

Cellular Effect

Cell Line	Type	Value	Description	References
A549	GI₅₀	52.7 μM Compound: 8; CHC	Antiproliferative activity against human A549 cells expressing MCT1 assessed as growth inhibition incubated for 72 hrs by MTT assay Antiproliferative activity against human A549 cells expressing MCT1 assessed as growth inhibition incubated for 72 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 36584238]
HCT-116	IC₅₀	1650 μM Compound: CHC	Cytotoxicity against human HCT-116 cells overexpressing MCT-1 assessed as reduction in cell viability measured after 72 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human HCT-116 cells overexpressing MCT-1 assessed as reduction in cell viability measured after 72 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 33221062]
HeLa	IC₅₀	2140 μM Compound: CHC	Cytotoxicity against human HeLa cells overexpressing MCT-1 assessed as reduction in cell viability measured after 72 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human HeLa cells overexpressing MCT-1 assessed as reduction in cell viability measured after 72 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 33221062]
HT-29	EC₅₀	9.8 μM Compound: CHCA	Agonist activity at GPR35 receptor in human HT-29 cells after 10 mins by dynamic mass redistribution assay Agonist activity at GPR35 receptor in human HT-29 cells after 10 mins by dynamic mass redistribution assay	[PMID: 24900447]
HT-29	IC₅₀	30.4 μM Compound: CHCA	Desensitization of GPR35 receptor in human HT-29 cells assessed as inhibition of zaprinast-induced dynamic mass redistribution after 10 mins Desensitization of GPR35 receptor in human HT-29 cells assessed as inhibition of zaprinast-induced dynamic mass redistribution after 10 mins	[PMID: 24900447]
MCF7	GI₅₀	108 μM Compound: 8; CHC	Antiproliferative activity against human MCF7 cells expressing MCT1 assessed as growth inhibition incubated for 72 hrs by MTT assay Antiproliferative activity against human MCF7 cells expressing MCT1 assessed as growth inhibition incubated for 72 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 36584238]
Oocyte	IC₅₀	991 μM Compound: alpha-Cyano-4-hydroxycinnamate	TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of L-Lactate uptake (L-Lactate:30mM) in Xenopus laevis oocytes TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of L-Lactate uptake (L-Lactate:30mM) in Xenopus laevis oocytes	[PMID: 11101640]
SiHa	EC₅₀	10.7 μM Compound: CHC	Cytotoxicity against human SiHa cells in lactate-containing medium after 72 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human SiHa cells in lactate-containing medium after 72 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 24095010]
SiHa	IC₅₀	10.7 μM Compound: CHC	Inhibition of MCT4-mediated [14C]-lactate uptake in human SiHa cells in lactate-containing medium assessed as remaining lactate concentration in culture medium after 12 mins by liquid scintillation counting Inhibition of MCT4-mediated [14C]-lactate uptake in human SiHa cells in lactate-containing medium assessed as remaining lactate concentration in culture medium after 12 mins by liquid scintillation counting	[PMID: 24095010]
SiHa	IC₅₀	43.5 μM Compound: CHC	Inhibition of MCT4-mediated [14C]-lactate uptake in human SiHa cells in lactate-containing medium assessed as remaining lactate concentration in culture medium after 24 hrs by liquid scintillation counting Inhibition of MCT4-mediated [14C]-lactate uptake in human SiHa cells in lactate-containing medium assessed as remaining lactate concentration in culture medium after 24 hrs by liquid scintillation counting	[PMID: 24095010]
U2OS	EC₅₀	70.7 μM Compound: CHCA	Agonist activity at GPR35 receptor in human U2OS cells coexpressing Gal4-VP16-TEV assessed as beta arrestin translocation after 5 hrs by beta lactamase reporter gene assay Agonist activity at GPR35 receptor in human U2OS cells coexpressing Gal4-VP16-TEV assessed as beta arrestin translocation after 5 hrs by beta lactamase reporter gene assay	[PMID: 24900447]

In Vitro

α-Cyano-4-hydroxycinnamic acid (α-Cyano-4-hydroxycinnamate) inhibits monocarboxylates transport such as lactate and pyruvate^[2].
α-Cyano-4-hydroxycinnamic acid (CHC; 0.5 mM and 1 mM) of 1 mM has a significant inhibitory effect on branching morphogenesis and decreases the epithelial perimeter and area of lung explants in a dose dependent way^[2].
At 100 μM concentration, α-Cyano-4-hydroxycinnamic acid rapidly and almost totally inhibits O₂ uptake by rat heart mitochondria oxidizing pyruvate. Inhibition can be detected at concentrations of inhibitor as low as 1 μM although inhibition took time to develop at this concentration^[1].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Chemical Information

CAS No. 28166-41-8
Appearance Solid
Molecular Weight 189.17
Formula C₁₀H₇NO₃
Color Light yellow to yellow
SMILES

O=C(O)/C(C#N)=C/C1=CC=C(O)C=C1
Synonyms

α-Cyano-4-hydroxycinnamate
Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

Storage

Powder	-20°C	3 years
	4°C	2 years
In solvent	-80°C	6 months
	-20°C	1 month

Publications (13)

All Bio/Physico-chemical AssayWBCell Imaging/Staining

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Journal Impact Factor

Cell Host Microbe

Enterococcus faecalis-derived lactic acid suppresses macrophage activation to facilitate persistent and polymicrobial wound infections. [Abstract]

2026 Feb 11;34(2):245-262.e8. PMID: 41605216

α-Cyano-4-hydroxycinnamic acid purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Cell Host Microbe. 2026 Feb 11;34(2):245-262.e8. [Abstract]

RAW 264.7 macrophages were infected with the WT E. faecalis and incubated in cell culture media in the presence or absence of α-Cyano-4-hydroxycinnamic acid (CHC; 5 mM) for 6 h prior to measurement of NF-kB-driven SEAP reporter activity.
Autophagy

Chaperone-mediated autophagy protects against hyperglycemic stress. [Abstract]

2024 Apr;20(4):752-768. PMID: 37798944

α-Cyano-4-hydroxycinnamic acid purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Autophagy. 2024 Apr;20(4):752-768. [Abstract]

Preincubation of RTH-149 cells with 100 µM α-Cyano-4-hydroxycinnamic acid (CHC) blocked the HG-induced accumulation of oxidized proteins.

α-Cyano-4-hydroxycinnamic acid purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Autophagy. 2024 Apr;20(4):752-768. [Abstract]

α-Cyano-4-hydroxycinnamic acid (CHC) prevented the formation of KFERQ-PA-mCherry1 puncta after 16 h exposure to high-glucose.
Neuron

Oligodendrocyte-encoded lactate dehydrogenase A couples glycolysis to remyelination via protein lactylation. [Abstract]

2026 Mar 16:S0896-6273(26)00137-6. PMID: 41844160
Theranostics

Astrocyte-derived lactate aggravates brain injury of ischemic stroke in mice by promoting the formation of protein lactylation. [Abstract]

2024 Jul 8;14(11):4297-4317. PMID: 39113798

α-Cyano-4-hydroxycinnamic acid purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Theranostics. 2024 Jul 8;14(11):4297-4317. [Abstract]

α-cyano-4-hydroxycinnamate (4-CIN; 36 mM; 3.6 μL; ICV) showed little influence on lactate production in C57BL/6 male mice. Lactate levels in the ischemic brain at 6 h after cerebral ischemia were measured.

α-Cyano-4-hydroxycinnamic acid purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Theranostics. 2024 Jul 8;14(11):4297-4317. [Abstract]

α-cyano-4-hydroxycinnamate (4-CIN; 36 mM; 3.6 μL; ICV) markedly reduce the protein lactylation levels of ischemic brain tissues at 6 h after cerebral ischemia in C57BL/6 male mice.
Adv Sci (Weinh)

Hepatocyte BPGM Induces RET Lactylation and Macrophage Reprogramming to Promote Tumorigenesis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. [Abstract]

2026 Jan 9:e18180. PMID: 41514495
Acta Biomater

Oral delivery of ultra-small zwitterionic nanoparticles to overcome mucus and epithelial barriers for macrophage modulation and colitis therapy. [Abstract]

2025 Apr:196:399-409. PMID: 39983856
Int J Biol Macromol

The role of solute carrier family 16 member 3 protein in hepatocellular carcinoma and sorafenib resistance. [Abstract]

2025 Oct 9;330(Pt 3):148223. PMID: 41075888
Pharmaceutics

Functional pH-Responsive Nanoparticles for Immune Reprogramming in MSS Colorectal Cancer via ER Stress-Induced Proteostasis Disruption, PD-L1-Targeting miRNA, and TLR7 Activation. [Abstract]

2025 Nov 20;17(11):1503. PMID: 41304839
CNS Neurosci Ther

Tregs Promote Astrocyte-Neuron Lactate Shuttle via Inhibiting STING Pathway to Improve Neurological Recovery After Ischemic Stroke. [Abstract]

2026 Jan;32(1):e70753. PMID: 41552852
Compr Physiol

SLC16A9-Mediated Carnitine Uptake Enhances Radiotherapy Resistance in Colorectal Cancer via Lipid Metabolic Reprogramming. [Abstract]

2026 Jun;16(3):e70184. PMID: 42271166
Exp Neurol

Pharmacological suppression of lactate mitigates postoperative cognitive dysfunction. [Abstract]

2026 Feb:396:115553. PMID: 41238154
bioRxiv

2026 Jun 18.
SSRN

2023 Jun 15.

Solvent & Solubility

In Vitro:

DMSO : 200 mg/mL (1057.25 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

H₂O : < 0.1 mg/mL (insoluble)

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Preparing Stock Solutions

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Concentration Solvent Mass

1 mg

5 mg

10 mg

Concentration

Solvent

Mass

1 mM

5.2863 mL

26.4313 mL

52.8625 mL

5 mM

1.0573 mL

5.2863 mL

10.5725 mL

10 mM

0.5286 mL

2.6431 mL

5.2863 mL

Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.

Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

Molarity Calculator

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

Mass Mass

Concentration Concentration

Volume Volume

Molecular Weight Molecular Weight

Dilution Calculator

Concentration _(start) × Volume _(start) = Concentration _(final) × Volume _(final)

Concentration _(start) Concentration _(start)

Volume _(start) Volume _(start)

Concentration _(final) Concentration _(final)

Volume _(final) Volume _(final)

In Vivo:

Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

Stock Solution Working Solution

For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for In Vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

Protocol 1

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 45% Saline

Solubility: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (11.00 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (20.8 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.

Protocol 2

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)

Solubility: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (11.00 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (20.8 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.

Protocol 3

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% Corn Oil

Solubility: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (11.00 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (saturation unknown). If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.

Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (20.8 mg/mL) to 900 μL Corn oil, and mix evenly.

In Vivo Dissolution Calculator

Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

Dosage Dosage
mg/kg
Animal Weight (Per Animal) Animal Weight (Per Animal)
g
Dosing Volume (Per Animal) Dosing Volume (Per Animal)
μL
Number of Animals Number of Animals

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.

Please enter your animal formula composition:

%
DMSO +

Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
%
+
+
%
Tween-80 + +
%
Saline +

The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).

Working solution concentration: 0.22 mg/mL

Purity & Documentation

Select Batch:

Purity: 99.98%

Assay: 99.98%

ee.: 99.98%

Data Sheet (274 KB)
SDS (393 KB)
- English - EN (393 KB)
- Français - FR (393 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (393 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (393 KB)
- Español - ES (393 KB)
- Swedish - SV (393 KB)
- Italian - IT (393 KB)
- Korean - KR (393 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (393 KB)
COA (2659 KB)
Elemental Analysis Report (2659 KB)
HNMR (2659 KB)
CNMR (2659 KB)
RP-HPLC (2659 KB)
NP-HPLC (2659 KB)
MS (2659 KB)
LCMS (2659 KB)
IR (2659 KB)
GC (2659 KB)
OR (2659 KB)
SDS-PAGE (2659 KB)
SEC-HPLC (2659 KB)
Other Report (2659 KB)
Handling Instructions (2659 KB)

References

[1]. A P Halestrap, et al. The mitochondrial pyruvate carrier. Kinetics and specificity for substrates and inhibitors. Biochem J. 1975 Apr; 148(1): 85-96. [Content Brief]

[2]. Sara Granja, et al. The Monocarboxylate Transporter Inhibitor α-cyano-4-hydroxycinnamic Acid Disrupts Rat Lung Branching. Cell Physiol Biochem. 2013;32(6):1845-56. [Content Brief]

[3]. Makoto Watanabe, et al. Improvement of Mass Spectrometry Analysis of Glycoproteins by MALDI-MS Using 3-aminoquinoline/α-cyano-4-hydroxycinnamic Acid. Anal Bioanal Chem. 2013 May;405(12):4289-93. [Content Brief]

Help & FAQs

How should lyophilized recombinant proteins be reconstituted and stored?

1. Before opening the cap, centrifuge the vial at 13000 rpm for 20-30 seconds. This step will ensure that any lyophilized powder that may have adhered to the cap or walls is collected at the bottom of the vial, minimizing the risk of product loss.

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

Optional Solvent	Concentration Solvent Mass	1 mg	5 mg	10 mg	25 mg
DMSO	1 mM	5.2863 mL	26.4313 mL	52.8625 mL	132.1563 mL
	5 mM	1.0573 mL	5.2863 mL	10.5725 mL	26.4313 mL
	10 mM	0.5286 mL	2.6431 mL	5.2863 mL	13.2156 mL
	15 mM	0.3524 mL	1.7621 mL	3.5242 mL	8.8104 mL
	20 mM	0.2643 mL	1.3216 mL	2.6431 mL	6.6078 mL
	25 mM	0.2115 mL	1.0573 mL	2.1145 mL	5.2863 mL
	30 mM	0.1762 mL	0.8810 mL	1.7621 mL	4.4052 mL
	40 mM	0.1322 mL	0.6608 mL	1.3216 mL	3.3039 mL
	50 mM	0.1057 mL	0.5286 mL	1.0573 mL	2.6431 mL
	60 mM	0.0881 mL	0.4405 mL	0.8810 mL	2.2026 mL
	80 mM	0.0661 mL	0.3304 mL	0.6608 mL	1.6520 mL
	100 mM	0.0529 mL	0.2643 mL	0.5286 mL	1.3216 mL

α-Cyano-4-hydroxycinnamic acid

13 Cited Publications

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α-Cyano-4-hydroxycinnamic acid

Membrane Transporter/Ion Channel Compound Library

Anti-Cancer Metabolism Compound Library

Targeted Diversity Library

Cuproptosis Compound Library

Membrane Protein-targeted Compound Library

Membrane Receptor-targeted Compound Library

Cysteine Targeted Covalent Library

Cysteine Targeted Covalent Fragment Library

Bioactive Compound Library Max

MCE Bioactive Compound Library

Bioactive Compound Library

Lactic Acid Metabolic Compound Library

High-Throughput Bioactive Compound Library

Publications Citing Use of MedChemExpress (MCE) α-Cyano-4-hydroxycinnamic acid

All Monocarboxylate Transporter Isoforms

Biological Activity

Chemical Information

Publications (13)

Solvent & Solubility

Purity & Documentation

References

Help & FAQs

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

α-Cyano-4-hydroxycinnamic acid

Membrane Transporter/Ion Channel Compound Library

Anti-Cancer Metabolism Compound Library

Targeted Diversity Library

Cuproptosis Compound Library

Membrane Protein-targeted Compound Library

Membrane Receptor-targeted Compound Library

Cysteine Targeted Covalent Library

Cysteine Targeted Covalent Fragment Library

Bioactive Compound Library Max

MCE Bioactive Compound Library

Bioactive Compound Library

Lactic Acid Metabolic Compound Library

High-Throughput Bioactive Compound Library

Publications Citing Use of MedChemExpress (MCE) α-Cyano-4-hydroxycinnamic acid

All Monocarboxylate Transporter Isoforms

Biological Activity

Chemical Information

Publications (13)

Solvent & Solubility

Purity & Documentation

References

Help & FAQs

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

α-Cyano-4-hydroxycinnamic acid Related Classifications

HY-107641 Related Classifications