2. Metabolic Enzyme/Protease
  3. Cytochrome P450
  4. Bergamottin

Bergamottin  (Synonyms: 5-Geranoxypsoralen; Bergamotine; Bergaptin)

Cat. No.: HY-N2194 Purity: 99.94%
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Bergamottin is a potent and competitive CYP1A1 inhibitor with a Ki of 10.703 nM.

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

CAS No. : 7380-40-7

Size Price Stock Quantity
Solid + Solvent (Highly Recommended)
10 mM * 1 mL in DMSO
ready for reconstitution
 In-stock
Solution
10 mM * 1 mL in DMSO In-stock
Solid
1 mg In-stock
5 mg In-stock
10 mg In-stock
25 mg In-stock
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100 mg   Get quote  

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Customer Review

Based on 8 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Other Forms of Bergamottin:

Bergamottin Related Antibodies

Top Publications Citing Use of Products

    Bergamottin purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Viruses. 2024 Aug 13;16(8):1287.  [Abstract]

    Representative histopathological changes in intestine, lungs, liver, and spleen tissues in mice treated with Bergamottin (Berg) (50, 75 mg/kg, i.g.).

    Bergamottin purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Int J Mol Sci. 2022 Oct 19;23(20):12565.  [Abstract]

    Effects of Bergamottin on viability of AT-II cells for 24, 48, and 72 h by CCK-8 kit, comparison of cell viability at 24 h of bergamottin with different concentrations.

    Bergamottin purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Int J Mol Sci. 2022 Oct 19;23(20):12565.  [Abstract]

    Western blot detection of expression of ACE2 proteins in AT-II cells treated with Bergamottin.

    Bergamottin purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Int J Mol Sci. 2022 Oct 19;23(20):12565.  [Abstract]

    mRNA expression levels of ACE2 relative to AT-II cells with Bergamottin.

    Bergamottin purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Antiviral Res. 2022 Aug:204:105365.  [Abstract]

    Bergamottin inhibited SARS-CoV-2 S protein-mediated membrane fusion. Vero E6 cells co-transfected with SARS-CoV-2 spike and EGFP plasmids. After 4 h post-transfection, the medium was replaced by bergamottin and the images were acquired 24 h later using fluorescent microcopy.

    View All Cytochrome P450 Isoform Specific Products:

    View All Isoforms
    CYP1 CYP2 CYP3 CYP4 CYP11 CYP17 Aromatase/CYP19A1 CYP26 CYP51 CYP1A2 CYP2D6 CYP2C9 CYP2C19 CYP3A CYP3A4 CYP17A1

    • Biological Activity

    • Protocol

    • Purity & Documentation

    • References

    • Customer Review

    Description

    Bergamottin is a potent and competitive CYP1A1 inhibitor with a Ki of 10.703 nM.

    IC50 & Target[1]

    CYP1A1

    10.703 nM (Ki)

    CYP1A1

    0.192 μM (IC50)

    CYP1A2

    5.077 μM (IC50)

    CYP2B2

    4.535 μM (IC50)

    CYP2B1

    9.495 μM (IC50)

    Cellular Effect
    Cell Line Type Value Description References
    Calu-3 CC50
    > 100 μM
    Compound: 98
    Cytotoxicity against human Calu-3 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability measured after 48 hrs by Hoechst 33342 staining based analysis
    Cytotoxicity against human Calu-3 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability measured after 48 hrs by Hoechst 33342 staining based analysis
    		[PMID: 37597436]
    In Vitro

    Bergamottin is a competitive inhibitor of CYP1A1. Bergamottin inhibits CYP1A1, CYP1A2, CYP2B1, and CYP2B2 with IC50s of 0.192±0.029 μM, 5.077±0.31 μM, 9.495±0.979 μM, 4.535±0.092 μM, respectively[1]. Bergamottin has potent antiproliferative effects on the A549 cells. Bergamottin shows both concentration-dependent as well as time dependent growth inhibitory effects against these cells. Bergamottin also inhibits the clonogenic activity of the A549 cancer cells by reducing the number of cancer colony forming cells. A reduction in clonogenicity also follows the concentration dependence on Bergamottin[2].

    MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

    Bergamottin Related Antibodies
    In Vivo

    The anticancer efficacy of Bergamottin under in vivo conditions using female BALB/c nude mice (a total of 20 mice are used) is determined. Tumors are induced in the mice by injecting non-small cell lung cancer A549 cells (1×106 cells/mouse). After tumor formation, the mice are sacrificed and tumors are removed and their weights and volumes are calculated. The results show that 25, 50 and 100 mg/kg Bergamottin injection reduce the tumor weight from 1.61 g in the PBS-treated group (control) to 1.21, 0.42 and 0.15 g, respectively. Tumor weight in the nude mice is reduced much more significantly in the highest-concentration Bergamottin group (100 mg/kg body weight) compared with the vehicle group (P<0.05). Likewise, 25, 50 and 100 mg/kg Bergamottin injection reduces the tumor volume from 2.2 cm3 in the PBS-treated group (control) to 1.71, 1.1 and 0.51 cm3, respectively. The periodic measurement of the tumor xenograft volume indicates that the tumor volume in the nude mice is reduced considerably in the highest-concentration Bergamottin group (100 mg/kg body weight) compared with the vehicle group (P<0.05)[2].

    MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
    Molecular Weight

    338.40

    Formula

    C21H22O4
    CAS No.
    Appearance

    Solid

    Color

    White to off-white

    SMILES

    O=C1C=CC2=C(OC/C=C(C)/CC/C=C(C)/C)C3=C(OC=C3)C=C2O1
    Structure Classification
    Initial Source
    Shipping

    Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
    Storage

    4°C, protect from light

    *In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light)

    Solvent & Solubility
    In Vitro: 

    DMSO : 50 mg/mL (147.75 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

    Preparing
    Stock Solutions
    Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
    1 mM 2.9551 mL 14.7754 mL 29.5508 mL
    5 mM 0.5910 mL 2.9551 mL 5.9102 mL
    View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

    * Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
    Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

    • Molarity Calculator

    • Dilution Calculator

    Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

    Mass
    =
    Concentration
    ×
    Volume
    ×
    Molecular Weight *

    Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)

    This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C1V1 = C2V2

    Concentration (start)

    C1

    ×
    Volume (start)

    V1

    =
    Concentration (final)

    C2

    ×
    Volume (final)

    V2

    In Vivo:

    Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

    For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
    To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for in vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
    The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

    • Protocol 1

      Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)

      Solubility: 2.5 mg/mL (7.39 mM); Suspended solution; Need ultrasonic

      This protocol yields a suspended solution of 2.5 mg/mL. Suspended solution can be used for oral and intraperitoneal injection.

      Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.

      Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.
    • Protocol 2

      Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    90% Corn Oil

      Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (7.39 mM); Clear solution

      This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown). If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.

      Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL Corn oil, and mix evenly.

    In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
    Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

    Dosage

    mg/kg

    Animal weight
    (per animal)

    g

    Dosing volume
    (per animal)

    μL

    Number of animals

    Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
    Please enter your animal formula composition:
    %
    DMSO +
    % 
    +
    %
    Tween-80 +
    %
    Saline
    Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
    The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
    Calculation results:
    Working solution concentration: mg/mL
    Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL  DMSO (Stock solution concentration: mg/mL).

    *In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light)

    The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only. If necessary, please contact MedChemExpress (MCE).
    Method for preparing in vivo working solution for animal experiments: Take μL DMSO stock solution, add μL . μL , mix evenly, next add μL Tween 80, mix evenly, then add μL Saline.
     If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.
    Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.
    Purity & Documentation

    Purity: 99.94%

    SDS (393 KB)

    COA (250 KB) HNMR (241 KB) LCMS (100 KB)

    Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
    References
    Kinase Assay
    [1]

    CYP1A1 Supersomes and different concentrations of 7-ethoxyresorufin (ER) are used to determine CYP1A1 enzymatic kinetics. A typical Michaelis-Menten curve is found. The final reaction mixture contains: 1 pmol CYP1A1, 0.5 mM NADPH, different ER concentrations and 0, 4, 8 and 16 nM of Bergamottin (BG). The reaction is started with the addition of NADPH. Kinetic constants are obtained by a nonlinear regression analysis of experimental data fitted to Michaelis-Menten equation with competitive-type inhibition. Kinetic analysis is also shown by using the Lineweaver-Burk, Dixon and replot of the slopes of the Dixon plot[1].

    MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
    Cell Assay
    [2]

    Inhibition of cell proliferation by Bergamottin is measured by the MTT assay. Briefly, the human lung adenocarcinoma cancer A549 cells are plated in 96-well culture plates (1×105 cells/well). After 24 h of incubation, the cells are treated with Bergamottin (0, 5, 10, 25, 50, 75 and 100 μM) for 24 and 48 h, MTT solution (10 mg/mL) is then added to each well. After a 4-h incubation, the formazan precipitate is dissolved in 100 μL DMSO, and then the absorbance is measured in an automated microplated reader at 570 nm. The cell viability ratio is calculated. Cytotoxicity is expressed as the concentration of Bergamottin needed to inhibit cell growth by 50% (IC50 value)[2].

    MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
    Animal Administration
    [2]

    Mice[2]
    Female BALB/c nude mice (six weeks old) (a total of 20 are obtained) are maintained with water and food ad libitum in a pathogen-free environment with a 12 h light and 12 h dark cycle in an animal care facility. Human non‑small cell lung carcinoma A549 cells (2×106 cells/mouse) are injected into the right axilla of the nude mice (5 mice/group) to create tumors in the mice. Subsequent to tumor development, the mice are divided into 4 groups and treated with Bergamottin injected intraperitoneally. The control group in the study is treated with an equal amount of PBS while the other three groups are treated with 25, 50 and 100 mg/kg of Bergamottin. Afterwards, the mice are sacrificed after 18 days, and the tumor weight and volume of each mouse are evaluated. Tumor length and width are measured using a Vernier caliper and the tumor volume (TV) is calculated[2].

    MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
    References

    Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

    * Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
    Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

    Optional Solvent Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg
    DMSO 1 mM 2.9551 mL 14.7754 mL 29.5508 mL 73.8771 mL
    5 mM 0.5910 mL 2.9551 mL 5.9102 mL 14.7754 mL
    10 mM 0.2955 mL 1.4775 mL 2.9551 mL 7.3877 mL
    15 mM 0.1970 mL 0.9850 mL 1.9701 mL 4.9251 mL
    20 mM 0.1478 mL 0.7388 mL 1.4775 mL 3.6939 mL
    25 mM 0.1182 mL 0.5910 mL 1.1820 mL 2.9551 mL
    30 mM 0.0985 mL 0.4925 mL 0.9850 mL 2.4626 mL
    40 mM 0.0739 mL 0.3694 mL 0.7388 mL 1.8469 mL
    50 mM 0.0591 mL 0.2955 mL 0.5910 mL 1.4775 mL
    60 mM 0.0493 mL 0.2463 mL 0.4925 mL 1.2313 mL
    80 mM 0.0369 mL 0.1847 mL 0.3694 mL 0.9235 mL
    100 mM 0.0296 mL 0.1478 mL 0.2955 mL 0.7388 mL
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    Bergamottin Related Classifications

    Help & FAQs
    • Do most proteins show cross-species activity?

      Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

    Keywords:

    Bergamottin7380-40-75-Geranoxypsoralen Bergamotine BergaptinCytochrome P450CYPsInhibitorinhibitorinhibit

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