Shigella Infection
Shigella infection is caused by Gram-negative, facultative anaerobic rods of the Enterobacteriaceae family, primarily transmitted via the fecal-oral route through contaminated food or water, resulting in a spectrum of disease from mild diarrhea to severe bacillary dysentery. Unlike Campylobacter jejuni, Shigella employs distinct molecular mechanisms for pathogenesis, characterized by actin-dependent invasion of intestinal mucosa through M cells via macropinocytosis, followed by rapid vacuolar membrane disruption and intracellular replication. The bacterium produces the IcsA protein, which nucleates actin tails that propel it through host cells, facilitating cell-to-cell spread. Internalization into submucosal monocytes triggers apoptosis and release of proinflammatory IL-1β, while infected epithelial cells secrete IL-8, recruiting lymphocytes from the lamina propria. The resulting tissue destruction and intense local inflammation underlie the clinical manifestations of dysentery.
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Shigella Infection (2)
Guanine
- Formula: C5H5N5O
- Molecular Weight: 151.13
Guanine is one of the fundamental components of nucleic acids (DNA and RNA). Guanine is a purine derivative, consisting of a fused pyrimidine-imidazole ring system with conjugated double bonds. Guanine has the potential to serve as a large-capacity N pool. Guanine has cytotoxic, antinociceptive and neuroprotective effects.
Guanine hydrochloride
- Formula: C5H6ClN5O
- Molecular Weight: 187.59
Guanine hydrochloride is one of the fundamental components of nucleic acids (DNA and RNA). Guanine hydrochloride is a purine derivative, consisting of a fused pyrimidine-imidazole ring system with conjugated double bonds. Guanine hydrochloride has the potential to serve as a large-capacity N pool. Guanine hydrochloride has cytotoxic, antinociceptive and neuroprotective effects.
