Histological Staining

Tissue and Cell Fixative (4% Paraformaldehyde, PFA) is mainly composed of paraformaldehyde, phosphate, and deionized water, with a pH of 7.0-7.4. Tissue and Cell Fixative (4% Paraformaldehyde, PFA) is suitable for fixing most tissues and cells, and can effectively protect the morphology and structure of tissues and cells as well as nucleic acids.

Glutaraldehyde Fixative (2.5%, For Electron Microscopy) is composed of glutaraldehyde, phosphate, deionized water, etc., with a pH range of 7.2-7.4. This fixative is effective in fixing fine structures of cell nuclei and cytoplasm and is commonly used for fixing electron microscopy specimens.

Glutaraldehyde Fixative (4%, For Electron Microscopy) is composed of glutaraldehyde, phosphate, deionized water, etc., with a pH range of 7.2-7.4. This fixative is effective in fixing fine structures of cell nuclei and cytoplasm and is commonly used for fixing electron microscopy specimens.

X-GAL (BCIG) (solution) is a widely used chromogenic β-galactosidase substrate. X-GAL is a colorless compound until cleaved by β-galactosidase, at which point X-GAL turns to an insoluble and detectable blue compound, making X-GAL particularly useful in techniques such as blue-white screening for cloning in bacteria. X-GAL can also be used for detection of β-galactosidase activity.
Solvent and Concentration: DMF: 20 mg/mL

Crystal Violet (solution) , also known as Gentian violet, methyl violet 10B, is a triphenyl-methane, an alkaline dye that binds to DNA in the nucleus of a cell, staining it a deep purple. It is often used for Gram staining to classify bacteria, or for cell or histological staining.
Solvent and Concentration: Sterile water: 5 mg/mL (0.5%)

Methylene Blue Staining Solution (1%) (Basic Blue 9) is a guanylyl cyclase (sGC), monoamine oxidase A (MAO-A) and NO synthase (NOS) inhibitor. Methylene Blue Staining Solution (1%) is a vasopressor and is often used as a dye in several medical procedures. Methylene Blue Staining Solution (1%) through the nitric oxide syntase/guanylate cyclase signalling pathway to reduce prepulse inhibition. Methylene Blue Staining Solution (1%) is a REDOX cycling compound and able to cross the blood-brain barrier. Methylene Blue Staining Solution (1%) is a Tau aggregation inhibitor. Methylene Blue Staining Solution (1%) is a photosensitizer and redox agent. Methylene Blue Staining Solution (1%) reduces cerebral edema, attenuated microglial activation and reduced neuroinflammation.

India Ink is a negative staining agent. India Ink creates contrast against the polysaccharide capsule of Cryptococcus neoformans to enable visualization. India Ink enables automated measurement of Cryptococcus neoformans capsule diameter using computational image analysis. India Ink can be used for the research of cryptococcosis.

Frozen Section Embedding Medium is a water-soluble mixture of polyethylene glycol and polyvinyl alcohol, widely used in immunohistochemistry experiments. Frozen Section Embedding Medium supports tissue during frozen sectioning, increasing tissue continuity and reducing wrinkling and fragmentation.

Thioflavin T (solution) is a cationic Benzothiazole dye that shows enhanced fluorescence upon binding to amyloid in tissue sections. Excitation max.: ~385 nm (free) ; ~450 nm (bound) ; Emission max.: ~445 nm (free) ; ~485 nm (bound) .
Solvent and Concentration: Sterile water: 10 mM
The 1 mL volume is defined as the base specification. All larger sizes correspond to incremental volumes of this base.

Phosphotungstic Acid Negative Staining Solution (3%, pH 7.0) is an electron microscopy negative stain. Phosphotungstic Acid Negative Staining Solution (3%, pH 7.0) forms an electron-dense background around samples, enabling the imaging of viruses, bacterial, macromolecules and organelles.

Janus Green B Staining Solution (1:5000) is an in vitro vital stain. The staining reaction of Janus Green B Staining Solution (1:5000) depends on oxygen and is reversibly inhibited by cyanide. Janus Green B Staining Solution (1:5000) can be used for vital staining of peripheral nerves in insects, rabbit lymphatic vessels, mitochondria, mast cells, etc.

Alizarin Red S Staining Solution (2%, pH 4.2) is a 2% concentration, pH 4.2 anthraquinone dye (sodium alizarin sulfonate) that can be used for intercellular staining of corneal endothelial cell boundaries. Alizarin Red S Staining Solution (2%, pH 4.2) is an anthraquinone dye (sodium alizarin sulfonate) with an optimized pH of 4.2, which undergoes a dye-lake reaction with calcium and serves as an intercellular stain for corneal endothelial cell boundaries. Alizarin Red S Staining Solution (2%, pH 4.2) can be used for screening tests of calcium compounds in synovial fluid, detection of osteoblast differentiation, and staining detection of bone in mice. Excitation/emission wavelength: 500/570 nm.

Alizarin Red S Staining Solution (1%, pH 4.2) is an anthraquinone dye (sodium alizarinsulfonate) with an optimized pH of 4.2. It undergoes a dye-lake reaction with calcium and serves as an intercellular stain for the boundaries of corneal endothelial cells. Alizarin Red S Staining Solution (1%, pH 4.2) enables screening tests for calcium compounds in synovial fluid, detection of osteoblast differentiation, and staining detection of bone in mice. Excitation/emission wavelength: 500/570 nm.

Plant Cell Acidity Indicator Solution (Methyl Red Method) is a synthetic acid-base indicator and vital staining solution containing Methyl red (HY-Y0699), which can be used to indicate the pH value in plant tissues or cells. Plant Cell Acidity Indicator Solution (Methyl Red Method) exhibits a yellow-to-red color change in acid-base titrations, with a linear relationship.

Plant Cell Acidity Indicator Solution (Neutral Red Method) is a basic vital stain solution using neutral red, used to indicate plant cell acidity. Plant Cell Acidity Indicator Solution (Neutral Red Method) accumulates in vacuoles via the ion trap mechanism in empty cell saps and exhibits distinct color changes based on cell sap type and pH.

Mucilage Staining Solution (Ruthenium Red Method) is a staining solution used to localize mucopolysaccharides in plant tissues. In the staining of plant disease and pest tissue sections, pathogens decompose mucilage substances, which thus cannot be stained, while the cell walls of healthy tissues stain red.

Starch Staining Solution (Iodine Method), also known as Iodine Starch Staining Solution, stains starch in plants blue or dark blue-purple within a few minutes of staining with iodine solution. Glycogen accumulated in fungal cells turns red after staining with iodine solution. Starch appears blue or purplish-red when hydrolyzed into dextrins, and turns red when further decomposed into smaller-molecular-weight dextrins.

Lignin Staining Solution (Pianeze Method) is a multichromatic staining solution for plant histology composed of malachite green, Martius yellow and acid fuchsin. Lignin Staining Solution (Pianeze Method) enables lignified secondary walls to appear bright green, non-lignified secondary walls to appear red, and tracheid pit membranes to appear pale red after long-time immersion. Lignin Staining Solution (Pianeze Method) can be used to distinguish lignified cell walls from non-lignified structures and observe the morphology of pit membranes in plant tissue sections such as fern rhizomes. Lignin Staining Solution (Pianeze Method) can be applied to relevant studies on flax wilt and root rot.