Endotrophin (Mus musculus)
Endotrophin (Mus musculus) is an adipokine, a cleavage fragment derived from Collagen VI, whose levels are elevated in adipose tissue and breast tumors of obese mice. Endotrophin (Mus musculus) activates the TGF-β signaling pathway and reduces the expression of hormone-sensitive lipase. Endotrophin (Mus musculus) induces adipogenesis, lipid accumulation, fibrosis, inflammation, angiogenesis, adipose tissue expansion, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and insulin resistance; it also induces Cisplatin (HY-17394) resistance in cancer cells. Endotrophin (Mus musculus) can be used in research related to metabolic diseases such as obesity and type 2 diabetes, as well as cancers such as breast cancer.
商品は「研究用試薬」です。人や動物の医療用・臨床診断用・食品用の製品ではありません。
研究用途以外に使用した場合、当社は一切の責任を負いかねます。
- CAS 番号: 1678414-54-4
- 分子式: C345H520N92O106S7
- 分子量:7876.83
-
保管条件:
Please store the product under the recommended conditions in the Certificate of Analysis.
生物活性
Endotrophin (Mus musculus) (24 h) upregulates the expression of pro-fibrotic (Col1α1, Tgfβ1, TgfβR2) and pro-inflammatory (Nlrp3, Tlr4) genes in the stromal vascular fraction (SVF) isolated from mouse white adipose tissue (WAT)[1].
Endotrophin (Mus musculus) (24-72 h) induces fibrosis in differentiating 3T3-L1 mouse adipocytes, reduces adiponectin expression, promotes adipogenesis, inhibits lipolysis, and increases lipid accumulation[1].
Endotrophin (Mus musculus) (24 h) upregulates the expression of Lox, pro-inflammatory genes (Il-1β, Tnf-α, F4/80), and M1 macrophage markers (Cd40, Cd86) in primary macrophages isolated from mouse white adipose tissue (WAT)[1].
Endotrophin (Mus musculus) is abundantly secreted in fully differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes, whereas no secreted level is detected in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes[3].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
Neutralizing antibody against Endotrophin (Mus musculus) neutralizes endotrophin activity in high-fat diet-induced obese mice and significantly improves insulin sensitivity[2].
Overexpression of Endotrophin (Mus musculus) in MMTV-PyMT transgenic mice significantly increases primary tumor volume, promotes the growth of lung metastatic lesions, and restores tumor growth in collagen VI-deficient MMTV-PyMT mice[2].
Induction of Endotrophin (Mus musculus) confers cisplatin resistance in breast tumor-bearing mice, while neutralizing Endotrophin activity or reducing its levels using TZDs restores cisplatin sensitivity[2].
Endotrophin (Mus musculus) induces adipose tissue fibrosis and inflammation in mice, and causes systemic dyslipidemia, hepatic steatosis and insulin resistance; blocking endogenous Endotrophin with neutralizing antibodies effectively reverses these manifestations[3].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
-
Animal Model:C57BL/6 (male, 7 weeks old, high-fat diet plus doxycycline-induced adipose tissue-specific overexpression)[1]
-
Dosage:200 mg/kg (doxycycline for endotrophin overexpression)
-
Administration:ad libitum; 8 weeks
-
Result:Upregulated mRNA levels of adipogenic genes Pparg, Fabp4, Srebp1, and Pref-1 in subcutaneous white adipose tissue (sWAT).
Increased protein levels of PPARγ in sWAT.
Significantly decreased phosphorylated HSL (Ser660) levels in sWAT, while total HSL levels remained unchanged.
Significantly decreased Cd36 mRNA levels in sWAT.
Significantly increased lipid content in epididymal white adipose tissue (eWAT).
Significantly elevated ratio of M1 (CD11c-positive) to M2 (CD206-positive) macrophages in sWAT.
化学情報
-
CAS 番号 1678414-54-4
-
分子量 7876.83
-
分子式 C345H520N92O106S7
-
配列
Thr-Glu-Pro-Leu-Phe-Leu-Thr-Lys-Thr-Asp-Ile-Cys-Lys-Leu-Ser-Arg-Asp-Ala-Gly-Thr-Cys-Val-Asp-Phe-Lys-Leu-Leu-Trp-His-Tyr-Asp-Leu-Glu-Ser-Lys-Ser-Cys-Lys-Arg-Phe-Trp-Tyr-Gly-Gly-Cys-Gly-Gly-Asn-Glu-Asn-Arg-Phe-His-Ser-Gln-Glu-Glu-Cys-Glu-Lys-Met-Cys-Ser-Pro-Glu-Leu-Thr-Val (Disulfide bridge:Cys12-Cys62,Cys21-Cys45,Cys37-Cys58)
-
シーケンスの短縮
TEPLFLTKTDICKLSRDAGTCVDFKLLWHYDLESKSCKRFWYGGCGGNENRFHSQEECEKMCSPELTV (Disulfide bridge:Cys12-Cys62,Cys21-Cys45,Cys37-Cys58)
-
輸送条件
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
-
保管条件
Please store the product under the recommended conditions in the Certificate of Analysis.
純度とドキュメンテーション
参考文献
[1]. Zhao Y, et al. Divergent functions of endotrophin on different cell populations in adipose tissue. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2016;311(6):E952-E963. [Content Brief]
[2]. Sun K, et al. Endotrophin, a multifaceted player in metabolic dysregulation and cancer progression, is a predictive biomarker for the response to PPARγ agonist treatment. Diabetologia. 2017;60(1):24-29. [Content Brief]
[3]. Sun K, et al. Endotrophin triggers adipose tissue fibrosis and metabolic dysfunction. Nat Commun. 2014;5:3485. Published 2014 Mar 19. [Content Brief]
Calculators
濃度 (開始) × 体積 (開始) = 濃度 (終了) × 体積 (終了)