Endotrophin (Mus musculus) TFA
Based on 1 Customer Validation
Endotrophin (Mus musculus) TFA is an adipokine, a cleavage fragment derived from Collagen VI, whose levels are elevated in adipose tissue and breast tumors of obese mice. Endotrophin (Mus musculus) TFA activates the TGF-β signaling pathway and reduces the expression of hormone-sensitive lipase. Endotrophin (Mus musculus) TFA induces adipogenesis, lipid accumulation, fibrosis, inflammation, angiogenesis, adipose tissue expansion, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and insulin resistance; it also induces Cisplatin (HY-17394) resistance in cancer cells. Endotrophin (Mus musculus) TFA can be used in research related to metabolic diseases such as obesity and type 2 diabetes, as well as cancers such as breast cancer.
For research use only. We do not sell to patients.
- Purity: 96.95%
- Formula: C345H520N92O106S7·xC2HF3O2
- Molecular Weight:7876.83 (free acid)
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Storage:
Sealed storage, away from moisture.
Powder -80°C, 2 years , -20°C, 1 year* In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture)
To place orders, for customer services and technical support, please contact: MedChemExpress USA
Tel: 609-228-6898 E-mail: [email protected] [email protected]
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Biological Activity
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Chemical Information
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Solvent & Solubility
- Purity & Documentation
- References
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Help & FAQs
Biological Activity
Endotrophin (Mus musculus) (24 h) TFA upregulates the expression of pro-fibrotic (Col1α1, Tgfβ1, TgfβR2) and pro-inflammatory (Nlrp3, Tlr4) genes in the stromal vascular fraction (SVF) isolated from mouse white adipose tissue (WAT)[1].
Endotrophin (Mus musculus) (24-72 h) TFA induces fibrosis in differentiating 3T3-L1 mouse adipocytes, reduces adiponectin expression, promotes adipogenesis, inhibits lipolysis, and increases lipid accumulation[1].
Endotrophin (Mus musculus) (24 h) TFA upregulates the expression of Lox, pro-inflammatory genes (Il-1β, Tnf-α, F4/80), and M1 macrophage markers (Cd40, Cd86) in primary macrophages isolated from mouse white adipose tissue (WAT)[1].
Endotrophin (Mus musculus) TFA is abundantly secreted in fully differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes, whereas no secreted level is detected in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes[3].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
Neutralizing antibody against Endotrophin (Mus musculus) TFA neutralizes endotrophin activity in high-fat diet-induced obese mice and significantly improves insulin sensitivity[2].
Overexpression of Endotrophin (Mus musculus) TFA in MMTV-PyMT transgenic mice significantly increases primary tumor volume, promotes the growth of lung metastatic lesions, and restores tumor growth in collagen VI-deficient MMTV-PyMT mice[2].
Induction of Endotrophin (Mus musculus) TFA confers cisplatin resistance in breast tumor-bearing mice, while neutralizing Endotrophin activity or reducing its levels using TZDs restores cisplatin sensitivity[2].
Endotrophin (Mus musculus) TFA induces adipose tissue fibrosis and inflammation in mice, and causes systemic dyslipidemia, hepatic steatosis and insulin resistance; blocking endogenous Endotrophin with neutralizing antibodies effectively reverses these manifestations[3].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
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Animal Model:C57BL/6 (male, 7 weeks old, high-fat diet plus doxycycline-induced adipose tissue-specific overexpression)[1]
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Dosage:200 mg/kg (doxycycline for endotrophin overexpression)
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Administration:ad libitum; 8 weeks
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Result:Upregulated mRNA levels of adipogenic genes Pparg, Fabp4, Srebp1, and Pref-1 in subcutaneous white adipose tissue (sWAT).
Increased protein levels of PPARγ in sWAT.
Significantly decreased phosphorylated HSL (Ser660) levels in sWAT, while total HSL levels remained unchanged.
Significantly decreased Cd36 mRNA levels in sWAT.
Significantly increased lipid content in epididymal white adipose tissue (eWAT).
Significantly elevated ratio of M1 (CD11c-positive) to M2 (CD206-positive) macrophages in sWAT.
Chemical Information
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Appearance Solid
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Molecular Weight 7876.83 (free acid)
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Formula C345H520N92O106S7·xC2HF3O2
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Color White to off-white
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SMILES
O=C(N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(N1[C@@H](CCC1)C(N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(N[C@@H](CC2=CC=CC=C2)C(N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(N[C@@H]([C@H](O)C)C(N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(N[C@@H]([C@H](O)C)C(N[C@@H](CC(O)=O)C(N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(N[C@@H](CSSC[C@@H](C(N[C@@H](CO)C(N3[C@@H](CCC3)C(N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(N[C@@H]([C@H](O)C)C(N[C@@H](C(C)C)C(O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)NC4=O)C(N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(N[C@@H](CO)C(N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(N[C@@H](CC(O)=O)C(N[C@@H](C)C(NCC(N[C@@H]([C@H](O)C)C(N[C@@H](CSSC[C@@H](C(NCC(NCC(N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(N[C@@H](CC5=CC=CC=C5)C(N[C@@H](CC6=CNC=N6)C(N[C@@H](CO)C(N[C@@H](CCC(N)=O)C(N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(N[C@H]7CCC(O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)NC8=O)C(N[C@@H](C(C)C)C(N[C@@H](CC(O)=O)C(N[C@@H](CC9=CC=CC=C9)C(N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(N[C@@H](CC%10=CNC%11=CC=CC=C%10%11)C(N[C@@H](CC%12=CNC=N%12)C(N[C@@H](CC%13=CC=C(C=C%13)O)C(N[C@@H](CC(O)=O)C(N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(N[C@@H](CO)C(N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(N[C@@H](CO)C(N[C@@H](CSSC[C@@H](C(N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(N[C@H]4CCSC)=O)=O)=O)NC7=O)C(N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(N[C@@H](CC%14=CC=CC=C%14)C(N[C@@H](CC%15=CNC%16=CC=CC=C%15%16)C(N[C@@H](CC%17=CC=C(C=C%17)O)C(NCC(NC8)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)[C@H]([C@H](O)C)N.OC(C(F)(F)F)=O.[x]
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Sequence
Thr-Glu-Pro-Leu-Phe-Leu-Thr-Lys-Thr-Asp-Ile-Cys-Lys-Leu-Ser-Arg-Asp-Ala-Gly-Thr-Cys-Val-Asp-Phe-Lys-Leu-Leu-Trp-His-Tyr-Asp-Leu-Glu-Ser-Lys-Ser-Cys-Lys-Arg-Phe-Trp-Tyr-Gly-Gly-Cys-Gly-Gly-Asn-Glu-Asn-Arg-Phe-His-Ser-Gln-Glu-Glu-Cys-Glu-Lys-Met-Cys-Ser-Pro-Glu-Leu-Thr-Val (Disulfide bridge:Cys12-Cys62,Cys21-Cys45,Cys37-Cys58)
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Sequence Shortening
TEPLFLTKTDICKLSRDAGTCVDFKLLWHYDLESKSCKRFWYGGCGGNENRFHSQEECEKMCSPELTV (Disulfide bridge:Cys12-Cys62,Cys21-Cys45,Cys37-Cys58)
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Shipping
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
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Storage
Sealed storage, away from moisture
Powder -80°C 2 years -20°C 1 year * In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture)
Solvent & Solubility
DMSO : 100 mg/mL (Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)
Purity & Documentation
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Data Sheet (315 KB)
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SDS (252 KB)
- English - EN (252 KB)
- Français - FR (252 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (252 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (252 KB)
- Español - ES (252 KB)
- Swedish - SV (252 KB)
- Italian - IT (252 KB)
- Korean - KR (252 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (252 KB)
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Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
References
[1]. Zhao Y, et al. Divergent functions of endotrophin on different cell populations in adipose tissue. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2016;311(6):E952-E963. [Content Brief]
[2]. Sun K, et al. Endotrophin, a multifaceted player in metabolic dysregulation and cancer progression, is a predictive biomarker for the response to PPARγ agonist treatment. Diabetologia. 2017;60(1):24-29. [Content Brief]
[3]. Sun K, et al. Endotrophin triggers adipose tissue fibrosis and metabolic dysfunction. Nat Commun. 2014;5:3485. Published 2014 Mar 19. [Content Brief]
Calculators
Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)
Endotrophin (Mus musculus) TFA Related Classifications
HY-P5081A Related Classifications
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