2. Isotope-Labeled Compounds
  3. Research Area
  4. Metabolic flux analysis: MFA

Metabolic flux analysis: MFA

Metabolic flux analysis (MFA) is a new approach in metabolomics research that uses stable isotope-labeled compounds as tracers to investigate intracellular metabolic and specific pathways. Stable isotope tracing techniques, usually based on 13C and 15N tracers, have emerged as the most accurate and widely used techniques in MFA. By combining metabolomics and MFA, we can better understand variations in metabolite levels, flow distribution, and turnover rates within the intracellular metabolic network. This approach enables the identification of main metabolic abnormal pathways and their biological functions, as well as uncovering the upstream and downstream regulatory mechanisms. This comprehensive insight provides a strong scientific basis for understanding the mechanisms underlying disease development, in addition to discovering and confirming potential drug targets. To understand how to screen isotope-labeled compounds as tracers in MFA experiments, please refer to the summary of the one-stop screening process for 13C tracers in MFA by Professor Dong-Hyun Kim et al.[1].

 

Figure 1. A typical carbon labelling experiment (CLE) workflow[1].

 

References:

[1] RSC Adv. 2022 Sep 7; 12 (39):25528-25548.

Metabolic flux analysis: MFA (1364):

Cat. No. Product Name CAS No. Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-B0389A
    D-Glucose-13C6 110187-42-3 ≥99.0%
    D-Glucose-13C6 is a stable isotope-labeled counterpart of D-glucose (HY-B0389). D-Glucose-13C6 can be used as a metabolic tracer to trace glucose-related synthetic catabolism or as synthesis ingredient, minimal media reagent, and internal standard.
    D-Glucose-<sup>13</sup>C<sub>6</sub>
  • HY-N0830S6
    Palmitic acid-13C16 56599-85-0 99.10%
    Palmitic acid-13C16 is the 13C-labeled Palmitic acid. Palmitic acid is a long-chain saturated fatty acid commonly found in both animals and plants. PA can induce the expression of glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) and CCAAT/enhancer binding protein homologous protein (CHOP) in in mouse granulosa cells[1][2].
    Palmitic acid-<sup>13</sup>C<sub>16</sub>
  • HY-Y0479AS
    L-Lactic acid-13C3 sodium 201595-71-3 ≥98.0%
    L-Lactic acid-13C3 (sodium) is the 13C labeled L-Lactic acid. L-Lactic acid-13C3 sodium can be used for lactate metabolism research[1].
    L-Lactic acid-<sup>13</sup>C<sub>3</sub> sodium
  • HY-N7092S
    D-Fructose-13C6 201595-65-5 99.95%
    D-Fructose-13C6 is the 13C labeled D-Fructose. D-Fructose (D(-)-Fructose) is a naturally occurring monosaccharide found in many plants.
    D-Fructose-<sup>13</sup>C<sub>6</sub>
  • HY-N0830S9
    Palmitic acid-13C 287100-87-2 ≥98.0%
    Palmitic acid-13C is the 13C-labeled Palmitic acid. Palmitic acid is a long-chain saturated fatty acid commonly found in both animals and plants. Palmitic acid can induce the expression of glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) and CCAAT/enhancer binding protein homologous protein (CHOP) in in mouse granulosa cells[1][2].
    Palmitic acid-<sup>13</sup>C
  • HY-B1342S3
    Retinol-13C3
    Retinol-13C3 (Vitamin A1-13C3; all-trans-Retinol-13C3) is a 13C-labeled Vitamin A/Retinol (HY-B1342). Retinol is an endogenous metabolite.
    Retinol-<sup>13</sup>C<sub>3</sub>
  • HY-150651S
    Uridine 5′-monophosphate-15N2 sodium
    Uridine 5′-monophosphate-15N2 (sodium) is the 15N labeled Uridine 5′-monophosphate sodium[1].
    Uridine 5′-monophosphate-<sup>15</sup>N<sub>2</sub> sodium
  • HY-B1462S1
    Chlorzoxazone-13C 616865-28-2
    Chlorzoxazone-13C is the 13C labeled Chlorzoxazone[1]. Chlorzoxazone is a centrally acting muscle relaxant used to treat muscle spasm and the resulting pain or discomfort[2].
    Chlorzoxazone-<sup>13</sup>C
  • HY-B2130S1
    Uric acid-15N2 62948-75-8 99.60%
    Uric acid-15N2 is the 15N labeled Uric acid. Uric acid, scavenger of oxygen radical, is a very important antioxidant that help maintains the stability of blood pressure and antioxidant stress. Uric acid can remove reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as singlet oxygen and peroxynitrite, inhibiting lipid peroxidation.
    Uric acid-<sup>15</sup>N<sub>2</sub>
  • HY-N0486S1
    L-Leucine-13C 74292-94-7 ≥98.00%
    L-Leucine-13C is the 13C-labeled L-Leucine. L-Leucine is an essential branched-chain amino acid (BCAA), which activates the mTOR signaling pathway[1].
    L-Leucine-<sup>13</sup>C
  • HY-N0390S
    L-Glutamine-15N 80143-57-3 ≥98.0%
    L-Glutamine-15N is the 15N-labeled L-Glutamine. L-Glutamine (L-Glutamic acid 5-amide) is a non-essential amino acid present abundantly throughout the body and involved in many metabolic processes. L-Glutamine provides a source of carbons for oxidation in some cells[1][2].
    L-Glutamine-<sup>15</sup>N
  • HY-N0390S9
    L-Glutamine-15N-1 59681-32-2 ≥98.0%
    L-Glutamine-15N-1 is the 15N-labeled L-Glutamine. L-Glutamine (L-Glutamic acid 5-amide) is a non-essential amino acid present abundantly throughout the body and involved in many metabolic processes. L-Glutamine provides a source of carbons for oxidation in some cells[1][2].
    L-Glutamine-<sup>15</sup>N-1
  • HY-N1428S1
    Citric acid-13C6 287389-42-8 ≥99.0%
    Citric acid-13C6 is the 13C-labeled Citric acid. Citric acid is a weak organic tricarboxylic acid found in citrus fruits. Citric acid is a natural preservative and food tartness enhancer.
    Citric acid-<sup>13</sup>C<sub>6</sub>
  • HY-N0455AS8
    L-Arginine-13C6,15N4 hydrochloride 202468-25-5 ≥99.0%
    L-Arginine-13C6,15N4 (hydrochloride) is the 13C- and 15N-labeled L-Arginine hydrochloride. L-Arginine hydrochloride ((S)-(+)-Arginine hydrochloride) is the nitrogen donor for synthesis of nitric oxide, a potent vasodilator that is deficient during times of sickle cell crisis.
    L-Arginine-<sup>13</sup>C<sub>6</sub>,<sup>15</sup>N<sub>4</sub> hydrochloride
  • HY-N0390S5
    L-Glutamine-1-13C 159663-16-8 ≥98.0%
    L-Glutamine-1-13C is the 13C-labeled L-Glutamine. L-Glutamine (L-Glutamic acid 5-amide) is a non-essential amino acid present abundantly throughout the body and involved in many metabolic processes. L-Glutamine provides a source of carbons for oxidation in some cells[1][2].
    L-Glutamine-1-<sup>13</sup>C
  • HY-Y0252S
    L-Proline-13C5 201740-83-2 99.00%
    L-Proline-13C5 is the 13C-labeled L-Proline. L-Proline is one of the twenty amino acids used in living organisms as the building blocks of proteins.
    L-Proline-<sup>13</sup>C<sub>5</sub>
  • HY-W015913S
    Sodium 2-oxopropanoate-13C3 142014-11-7 99.61%
    Sodium 2-oxopropanoate-13C3 is the 13C-labeled Sodium 2-oxopropanoate. Sodium 2-oxopropanoate (Sodium pyruvate), a three-carbon metabolite of Glucose, is a compound produced in the glycolytic pathway. Sodium 2-oxopropanoate is a free radical scavenger that can scavenge ROS[1][2].
    Sodium 2-oxopropanoate-<sup>13</sup>C<sub>3</sub>
  • HY-N0830S3
    Palmitic acid-1-13C 57677-53-9 ≥98.0%
    Palmitic acid-1-13C is the 13C-labeled Palmitic acid. Palmitic acid is a long-chain saturated fatty acid commonly found in both animals and plants. Palmitic acid can induce the expression of glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) and CCAAT/enhancer binding protein homologous protein (CHOP) in in mouse granulosa cells[1][2].
    Palmitic acid-1-<sup>13</sup>C
  • HY-Y0479S
    L-Lactic acid-13C3 87684-87-5 ≥99.0%
    L-Lactic acid-13C3 is a stable isotope labeled L-Lactic acid analog. L-Lactic acid-13C3 can be used for lactate metabolism research[1].
    L-Lactic acid-<sup>13</sup>C<sub>3</sub>
  • HY-B0389S10
    D-Glucose-13C 101615-88-7 ≥99.0%
    D-Glucose-13C is the 13C labeled D-Glucose. D-Glucose (Glucose), a monosaccharide, is an important carbohydrate in biology. D-Glucose is a carbohydrate sweetener and critical components of the general metabolism, and serve as critical signaling molecules in relation to both cellular metabolic status and biotic and abiotic stress response[1].
    D-Glucose-<sup>13</sup>C