1. Academic Validation
  2. Inhibition of JAK-STAT Signaling by Baricitinib Reduces Interferon-γ-Induced CXCL10 Production in Human Salivary Gland Ductal Cells

Inhibition of JAK-STAT Signaling by Baricitinib Reduces Interferon-γ-Induced CXCL10 Production in Human Salivary Gland Ductal Cells

  • Inflammation. 2021 Feb;44(1):206-216. doi: 10.1007/s10753-020-01322-w.
Keiko Aota 1 Tomoko Yamanoi 2 Koichi Kani 2 Shinji Ono 2 Yukihiro Momota 2 Masayuki Azuma 2
Affiliations

Affiliations

  • 1 Department of Oral Medicine, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima, 770-8504, Japan. [email protected].
  • 2 Department of Oral Medicine, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima, 770-8504, Japan.
Abstract

Sjögren's syndrome (SS) is a chronic autoimmune disease targeting salivary and lacrimal glands. C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 10 (CXCL10) expression is upregulated in lip salivary glands (LSGs) of primary SS (pSS) patients, and CXCL10 involved in SS pathogenesis via immune-cell accumulation. Moreover, interferon (IFN)-γ enhances CXCL10 production via the Janus kinase (JAK)/signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) pathway. We investigated the effects of baricitinib, a selective JAK1/2 inhibitor, on both IFN-γ-induced CXCL10 production and immune-cell chemotaxis. We used immunohistochemical staining to determine the expression levels and localization of JAK1 and JAK2 in LSGs of SS patients (n = 12) and healthy controls (n = 3). We then evaluated the effect of baricitinib in an immortalized normal human salivary gland ductal (NS-SV-DC) cell line. Immunohistochemical analysis of LSGs from pSS patients revealed strong JAK1 and JAK2 expression in ductal and acinar cells, respectively. Baricitinib significantly inhibited IFN-γ-induced CXCL10 expression as well as the protein levels in an immortalized human salivary gland ductal-cell clone in a dose-dependent manner. Additionally, western blot analysis showed that baricitinib suppressed the IFN-γ-induced phosphorylation of STAT1 and STAT3, with a stronger effect observed in the case of STAT1. It also inhibited IFN-γ-mediated chemotaxis of Jurkat T cells. These results suggested that baricitinib suppressed IFN-γ-induced CXCL10 expression and attenuated immune-cell chemotaxis by inhibiting JAK/STAT signaling, suggesting its potential as a therapeutic strategy for pSS.

Keywords

CXCL10; IFN-γ; Janus kinase; Sjögren’s syndrome; baricitinib; salivary gland ductal cells.

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