MOTS-c(human) acetate
Based on 1 publication(s) in Google Scholar
MOTS-c (human) acetate is a blood-brain barrier-penetrating, mitochondrial-derived peptide that modulates the AMPK/PGC-1α pathway to enhance insulin sensitivity. MOTS-c (human) acetate inhibits the folate cycle and de novo purine synthesis, increases AICAR levels to activate AMPK, and then regulates the Nrf2/Keap1 antioxidant pathway and inhibits the NF-κB inflammatory pathway, while promoting mitochondrial biogenesis and energy metabolism. MOTS-c (human) acetate has the effects of improving glucose and lipid metabolism, anti-oxidative stress, anti-inflammatory and neuroprotection, and can be used in the study of type 2 diabetes, traumatic brain injury, inflammatory diseases and aging-related metabolic disorders.
For research use only. We do not sell to patients.
- Purity: 99.74%
- Formula: C103H156N28O24S2
- Molecular Weight:2234.64
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Storage:
Sealed storage, away from moisture.
Powder -80°C, 2 years , -20°C, 1 year* In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture)
To place orders, for customer services and technical support, please contact: MedChemExpress USA
Tel: 609-228-6898 E-mail: [email protected] [email protected]
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Biological Activity
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Chemical Information
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Solvent & Solubility
- Purity & Documentation
- References
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Help & FAQs
Publications Citing Use of MedChemExpress (MCE) MOTS-c(human) acetate
MoreAll AMPK Isoforms
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Biological Activity
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AMPK |
GLUT4 |
AICAR |
Recent advances in high-resolution sequencing have led to the discovery of unique peptides derived from the mitochondrial genome. Eight peptides have been identified: humanin, the mitochondrial open reading frame of 12S tRNA-c (MOTS-c), and six small peptides (humanin-like peptides (SHLP1-6)). All of these peptides are released from mitochondria into the cytoplasm and are associated with extended lifespan and cell viability, reduced apoptosis, and other beneficial functions[1].
MOTS-c (human) acetate (10 μM; 24-72 h) activates AMPK (Thr172 phosphorylation) and the expression of downstream antioxidant proteins Nrf2 and Keap1, and inhibits the phosphorylation of MAPKs (ERK, JNK, P38) in HEK293 cells[2].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
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Cell Line:HEK293 cells
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Concentration:10 μM
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Incubation Time:24-72 h
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Result:Significantly increased phosphorylation of AMPK at Thr172 and protein levels of Nrf2 and Keap1, while reducing phosphorylation of ERK, JNK, and P38.
Resulted activation of AMPK by densitometric quantification, with a 2-fold increase in p-AMPK/AMPK ratio compared to control.
Attenuated these effects by co-treatment with the AMPK inhibitor.
MOTS-c (human) (5 mg/kg; ip; twice daily; 4 days) acetate can reduce inflammation associated with obesity and insulin resistance by recruiting IL-6 and TNF-α in an acute treatment model in male CD-1 mice[2].
MOTS-c (human) (50 mg/kg; ip; once a day; single dose) acetate can reduce paw licking time and inhibit the expression of spinal p-ERK/p-JNK/p-P38 and c-fos in the formalin inflammation model of male ICR mice, exerting anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects[3].
MOTS-c (human) (0.5 mg/kg; ip; once a day; 8 weeks) acetate can reduce fasting blood glucose, glycosylated serum protein and blood lipid levels, improve myocardial ultrastructural damage and activate myocardial AMPK/Nrf2 antioxidant pathway[4] in the male Sprague-Dawley rat type 2 diabetes model[4].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
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Animal Model:Male C57BL/6 mice (6-8-week-old) with controlled-cortical impact (CCI)-induced traumatic brain injury model[2]
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Dosage:25 mg/kg, 50 mg/kg MOTS-c (human) (saline)
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Administration:Intraperitoneal injection, once daily, for 21 days starting 1 hour post-injury
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Result:At 50 mg/kg, MOTS-c reduced neurological severity scores (NSS) by 45% and improved rotarod performance (latency increased by 50%) compared to injured controls.
Brain tissue analysis showed reduced HMGB1 expression (30% decrease), TLR4/NF-κB pathway inhibition, and lower pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6) in the ipsilateral cortex.
OBB-NC formulation (3 mg/kg) showed comparable effects with enhanced BBB penetration.
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Animal Model:Male ICR mice (25-30 g, 6-week-old) with Formalin-induced paw inflammation model[3]
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Dosage:50 mg/kg MOTS-c (human) (saline)
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Administration:Intraperitoneal injection, 1 hour before formalin challenge, single dose
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Result:Significantly reduced licking time in the late phase (phase II, 11-40 min) by 60% compared to vehicle controls.
Immunohistochemistry revealed decreased c-fos positive cells (40% reduction) in the spinal dorsal horn, with Western blot confirming suppressed phosphorylation of ERK (Thr202/Tyr204), JNK (Thr183/Tyr185), and P38 (Thr180/Tyr182) by 30-50%.
The AMPK inhibitor Compound C abolished these effects.
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Animal Model:Male Sprague-Dawley rats (220-240 g, 7-week-old) with high-fat diet/streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetes model[4]
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Dosage:0.5 mg/kg MOTS-c (human) (saline)
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Administration:Intraperitoneal injection, once daily, for 8 weeks
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Result:Significantly decreased fasting blood glucose (FBG) by 35%, HOMA-IR by 40%, and plasma triglycerides (TG)/total cholesterol (TC) by 25-30% compared to diabetic controls.
Reduced mitochondrial swelling and cristae damage, with increased SOD/GSH activity and upregulated p-AMPK, Nrf2, and Keap1 protein expression in the heart.
Combined with exercise, MOTS-c further enhanced glucose disposal and attenuated oxidative stress (MDA reduction by 50%).
Chemical Information
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Appearance Solid
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Molecular Weight 2234.64
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Formula C103H156N28O24S2
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Color White to off-white
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Sequence
Met-Arg-Trp-Gln-Glu-Met-Gly-Tyr-Ile-Phe-Tyr-Pro-Arg-Lys-Leu-Arg
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Sequence Shortening
MRWQEMGYIFYPRKLR
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Shipping
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
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Storage
Sealed storage, away from moisture
Powder -80°C 2 years -20°C 1 year * In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture)
Publications (1)
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Journal Impact Factor
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Most Recent
Solvent & Solubility
H2O : ≥ 5 mg/mL (2.24 mM)
DMSO : 4 mg/mL (1.79 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)
* "≥" means soluble, but saturation unknown.
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.
Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)
Purity & Documentation
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Data Sheet (283 KB)
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SDS (252 KB)
- English - EN (252 KB)
- Français - FR (252 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (252 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (252 KB)
- Español - ES (252 KB)
- Swedish - SV (252 KB)
- Italian - IT (252 KB)
- Korean - KR (252 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (252 KB)
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Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
References
[1]. Mohtashami Z, et al. MOTS-c, the Most Recent Mitochondrial Derived Peptide in Human Aging and Age-Related Diseases. Int J Mol Sci. 2022 Oct 9;23(19):11991. [Content Brief]
[2]. Lee C, et al. The mitochondrial-derived peptide MOTS-c promotes metabolic homeostasis and reduces obesity and insulin resistance. Cell Metab. 2015 Mar 3;21(3):443-54. [Content Brief]
[3]. Yin X, et al. The intraperitoneal administration of MOTS-c produces antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects through the activation of AMPK pathway in the mouse formalin test. Eur J Pharmacol. 2020 Mar 5;870:172909. [Content Brief]
[4]. Tang M, et al. The role of MOTS-c-mediated antioxidant defense in aerobic exercise alleviating diabetic myocardial injury. Sci Rep. 2023 Nov 13;13(1):19781. [Content Brief]
Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
| Optional Solvent | Concentration Solvent Mass | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | 25 mg |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DMSO / H2O | 1 mM | 0.4475 mL | 2.2375 mL | 4.4750 mL | 11.1875 mL |
* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.
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