MEC/CCL28 Protein, Mouse

MEC/CCL28 Protein, Mouse is a CC chemokine that is present in almost all mucosal tissues and acts as a unifying immunostimulant on mucosal surfaces. CCL28 can bind to CCR3 and CCR10 to mediate immune responses, viral infections, cancer, and antimicrobial effects. MEC/CCL28 Protein, Mouse is a recombinant mouse MEC/CCL28 (S20-R130) protein expressed by E. coli^[1][2].

CCL28, also known as mucosal associated epithelial chemokine (MEC), CCK1, and SCYA28, is a chemokine. It is expressed in various mucosal sites, including salivary glands and mammary glands, trachea and colon, and small intestine. CCL28 has been classified as an important component chemokine in homeostasis lymphocyte transport and can bind to CCR3 and CCR10. Among them, CCL28 can chemotactic CCR10 expression of CD4 and CD8 T cell populations, as well as CCR3 expression of eosinophils migration. However, in the intestinal mucosa, few T cells express CCR10. In contrast, in the B-cell population, CCR10 can be selectively expressed by IgA plasma mother cells and IgA-secreting cells (i.e. plasma cells), which play a key role in homing plasma mother cells to extraintestinal effector sites^[1]. CCL28 is constitutively expressed in the colon, but its levels can be increased by pro-inflammatory cytokines and certain bacterial products that play a role in effector cell recruitment to sites of epithelial injury.CCL28 can act as a unifying immunostimulant on the mucosal surface and is involved in the migration of IgA-expressing cells to the breast, salivary glands, intestine, and other mucosal tissues. In addition, CCL28 exhibits broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria as well as fungi, such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Further studies also showed that the positively charged amino acids at the C-terminal end of CCL28 significantly contributed to the antibacterial activity of the protein, and its characteristic hydrophobicity and amphiphilicity also contributed to its killing activity^[2].

CCL28 (mouse; 25 mM, 4 h) selectively attracts IgA plasma cells, preferentially attracts IgA Ab-secreting cells formed in draining and distal lymph nodes in Lymph node cells isolated from mice, and does not respond to submandibular lymph nodes (SMLNs) IgG Ab-secreting cells^[3].

CCL28 (mouse; 5 µg/mouse; i.m.) enhances rectal IgA infemale BALB mice, the first and primary line of defense for adaptive immunity used at the mucosal level, indicating the potential use of CCL28 as a mucosal-directed adjuvant^[4].

1.Determined by its ability to chemoattract CTLL -2 cells. The ED₅₀ for this effect is ≤2.611 ng/mL, corresponding to a specific activity is ≥3.830×10⁵ U/mg.
2.Measured by its ability to chemoattract BaF3 mouse pro-B cells transfected with Mouse CCR10. The ED₅₀ for this effect is 0.6304 μg/mL, corresponding to a specific activity is 1586.294 U/mg.

• 
  Determined by its ability to chemoattract CTLL -2 cells .The ED₅₀ for this effect is 1.664 ng/mL, corresponding to a specific activity is 6.01×10⁵ U/mg.

Mouse

E. coli

Tag Free

Q9JIL2 (S20-R130)

56838  [NCBI]

Partial

SEAILPMASSCCTEVSHHVSGRLLERVSSCSIQRADGDCDLAAVILHVKRRRICISPHNRTLKQWMRASEVKKNGRENVCSGKKQPSRKDRKGHTTRKHRTRGTHRHEASR

Approximately 14-18 kDa, based on SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions.

• 
  ≥ 95%, as determined by reducing SDS-PAGE.

Lyophilized powder

Lyophilized from a 0.22 μm filtered solution of PBS, pH 7.4

<1 EU/μg, determined by LAL method.

It is not recommended to reconstitute to a concentration less than 100 μg/mL in ddH₂O. For long term storage it is recommended to add a carrier protein (0.1% BSA, 5% HSA, 10% FBS or 5% Trehalose).

Stored at -20°C for 2 years from date of receipt. After reconstitution, it is stable at 4°C for 1 week or -20°C for longer (with carrier protein). It is recommended to freeze aliquots at -20°C or -80°C for extended storage.

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

• [1]. /biology-dictionary/cho-cell.html  [Content Brief]

  [2]. Hiroyuki Ogawa, et al. Regulated production of the chemokine CCL28 in human colon epithelium. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2004 Nov;287(5):G1062-9.  [Content Brief]

  [3]. Meurens F, et al. Expression of mucosal chemokines TECK/CCL25 and MEC/CCL28 during fetal development of the ovine mucosal immune system. Immunology. 2007 Apr;120(4):544-55.  [Content Brief]

  [4]. Teena Mohan, et al. CCL28 chemokine: An anchoring point bridging innate and adaptive immunity. Int Immunopharmacol. 2017 Oct;51:165-170.  [Content Brief]

  [5]. Nicolas Cuburu, et al. Sublingual immunization with nonreplicating antigens induces antibody-forming cells and cytotoxic T cells in the female genital tract mucosa and protects against genital papillomavirus infection. J Immunol. 2009 Dec 15;183(12):7851-9.  [Content Brief]

  [6]. Eleonora Castelletti, et al. The mucosae-associated epithelial chemokine (MEC/CCL28) modulates immunity in HIV infection. PLoS One. 2007 Oct 3;2(10):e969.  [Content Brief]