2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Metabolic Enzyme/Protease
  4. Endogenous Metabolite

Endogenous Metabolite

Endogenous Metabolite

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Endogenous metabolites refer to the collective set of small-molecule chemical substances present within organelles, cells, organs, biological fluids, or entire organisms; their molecular weights are typically less than 1500 Da. These endogenous metabolites—including lipids, amino acids, short peptides, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, alcohols, and organic acids—not only participate in signal transduction governing genomic function but also receive upstream signals from the environment, thereby bridging the interrelationships among genotype, environment, and phenotype. Based on their biological functions, microbial endogenous metabolites can be broadly classified into two categories: primary metabolites and secondary metabolites. Primary metabolites are the core molecules essential for supporting microbial growth and proliferation; they serve to provide energy to the microbes or act as precursors and cofactors for the synthesis of biological macromolecules. In contrast, microbial secondary metabolites are a class of low-molecular-weight products that are not strictly essential for microbial growth. Nevertheless, microbial secondary metabolites include numerous substances—such as antibiotics, anti-tumor agents, and cholesterol-lowering agents—that are of critical importance to human health[1][2][3]. Furthermore, the metabolome of a biological organism is influenced by a variety of endogenous factors, including age, sex, body composition, genetic background, and underlying pathological states. The small-molecule metabolites within an organism are diverse and highly distinct; their levels are typically subject to the synergistic regulation of a vast array of enzymes and transport proteins, undergoing processes of synthesis, transformation, degradation, and compartmentalized distribution. Metabolomics research based on endogenous metabolites has been widely applied in the fields of metabolic disorders, neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and infectious diseases, where these metabolites hold potential utility as biomarkers or therapeutic targets[1][2][3].

Endogenous Metabolite Isoform Specific Products:

Endogenous Metabolite Isoform Comparison
Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-N1486R
    Ursonic acid (Standard)
    CSRM617 (Standard) is the analytical standard of CSRM617. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. CSRM617 is a selective small-molecule inhibitor of the transcription factor ONECUT2 (OC2, a master regulator of androgen receptor) with a Kd of 7.43 uM in SPR assays, binding to OC2-HOX domain directly. CSRM617 induces apoptosis by appearance of cleaved Caspase-3 and PARP. CSRM617 is well tolerated in the prostate cancer mouse model
    Ursonic acid (Standard)
  • HY-N0739R
    Betaine chloride (Standard)
    Betaine (chloride) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Betaine (chloride). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Betaine hydrochloride is a natural compound found in many foods and also an active methyl-donor which can maintain normal DNA methylation patterns.
    Betaine chloride (Standard)
  • HY-P2725
    Glycerol dehydrogenase
    Glycerol dehydrogenase is a polyol dehydrogenase that catalyzes the NAD-dependent oxidation of glycerol to dihydroxyacetone. Glycerol dehydrogenase can be used for glycerol metabolism in diverse microorganisms.
    Glycerol dehydrogenase
  • HY-P2877
    Tannase
    Tannase is a tannin acyl hydrolase. Tannase catalyzes the hydrolysis of ester bonds in gallotannins, complex tannins and gallic acid esters to release gallic acid. Tannase plays a role in industrial production, including the manufacture of instant tea, beer, fruit juice, some wines, and the production of gallic acid.
    Tannase
  • HY-113165
    Isobutyryl-L-carnitine
    		99.9%
    Isobutyryl-L-carnitine is a product of the acyl-CoA dehydrogenases.
    Isobutyryl-L-carnitine
  • HY-125731S1
    Glycodeoxycholic acid-d6
    		99.91%
    Glycodeoxycholic acid-d6 is the deuterium labeled Glycodeoxycholic Acid. Glycodeoxycholic Acid is an endogenous metabolite.
    Glycodeoxycholic acid-d<sub>6</sub>
  • HY-113225S4
    Guanosine triphosphate-15N5,d14 (dilithium)
    		98.4%
    Guanosine triphosphate-15N5,d14 (GTP-15N5,d14) dilithium is deuterium and 15N labeled Guanosine triphosphate (HY-113225). Guanosine triphosphate dilithium (GTP) is a critical nucleotide and regulator of cellular metabolism. Guanosine triphosphate dilithium promotes ribosomal DNA localization, pre-rRNA transcription and ribosome biogenesis by binding to RNA polymerase I and GPN proteins (GPN1/3). Guanosine triphosphate dilithium links MYC-dependent ribosome biogenesis to nucleotide sufficiency, acts as a metabolic gatekeeper supporting protein synthesis, DNA/RNA synthesis and cellular signal transduction, while also participating in the physiological activities of pancreatic β-cells and serving as an oxidative substrate for reactive oxygen species. In small cell lung cancer with high MYC expression, Guanosine triphosphate dilithium accumulates through the IMPDH-driven synthetic pathway, thereby affecting apoptosis and mitotic processes. Guanosine triphosphate dilithium is used in the research of small cell lung cancer, hepatoblastoma and cellular metabolism.
    Guanosine triphosphate-<sup>15</sup>N<sub>5</sub>,d<sub>14</sub> (dilithium)
  • HY-30216R
    (R)-Leucic acid (Standard)
    (R)-Leucic acid (Standard) is the analytical standard of (R)-Leucic acid (HY-30216). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. (R)-Leucic acid (D-α-Hydroxyisocaproic acid) is the D-isomer of the α-hydroxy analogue of Leucine (HY-N0486). (R)-Leucic acid is a metabolite of Lactobacillus and can promote intestinal fatty acid absorption by upregulating CD36 expression. (R)-Leucic acid can be used to study microbe-host interactions and the regulation of lipid metabolism by probiotics.
    (R)-Leucic acid (Standard)
  • HY-W049735
    N,N,O-Tridesmethylvenlafaxine
    N,N,O-Tridesmethylvenlafaxine is an endogenous metabolite.
    N,N,O-Tridesmethylvenlafaxine
  • HY-P11751A
    RES-701-3 peptide TFA
    RES-701-3 peptide TFA is a class II lasso peptide. RES-701-3 peptide TFA can be isolated from the fermentation broth of Streptomyces species. RES-701-3 peptide TFA potently inhibits the binding of ET-1 to ETB, with an IC50 of approximately 5-10 nM. RES-701-3 peptide TFA is applicable to research related to systemic hypertension, myocardial infarction, and myocardial ischemia.
    RES-701-3 peptide TFA
  • HY-N0610AS2
    Cinnamic acid-13C3
    		99.91%
    Cinnamic acid-13C3 (3-Phenylacrylic acid-13C3) is the 13C labeled Cinnamic acid (HY-N0610A). Cinnamic acid has potential use in cancer intervention, with IC50s of 1-4.5 mM in glioblastoma, melanoma, prostate and lung carcinoma cells.
    Cinnamic acid-<sup>13</sup>C<sub>3</sub>
  • HY-W401531S
    (R)-3-O-Methyldopa-d3
    (R)-3-O-Methyldopa-d3 is a deuterium labeled (R)-3-O-Methyldopa, and (R)-3-O-Methyldopa is an R-enantiomer of 3-O-Methyldopa. 3-O-Methyldopa is a metabolite of L-DOPA which is formed by catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT). 3-O-Methyldopa competitively inhibits the pharmacodynamics of L-DOPA and dopamine.
    (R)-3-O-Methyldopa-d<sub>3</sub>
  • HY-113962S
    7α,25-Dihydroxycholesterol-d6
    7α,25-Dihydroxycholesterol-d6 is deuterium labeled 7α,25-Dihydroxycholesterol. 7α, 25-dihydroxycholesterol (7α,25-OHC) is a potent and selective agonist and endogenous ligand of the orphan GPCR receptor EBI2 (GPR183). 7α, 25-dihydroxycholesterol is highly
    7α,25-Dihydroxycholesterol-d<sub>6</sub>
  • HY-B1431S1
    Butylparaben-13C6
    		99.75%
    Butylparaben-13C6 is the 13C labeled Butylparaben. Butylparaben is an organic compound, has proven to be a highly successful antimicrobial preservative in cosmetics, also used in medication suspensions, and as a flavoring additive in food.
    Butylparaben-<sup>13</sup>C<sub>6</sub>
  • HY-N0390S15
    L-Glutamine-d4
    L-Glutamine-d4 (L-Glutamic acid 5-amide-d4) is the deuterium labeled L-Glutamine (HY-N0390). L-Glutamine is a non-essential amino acid present abundantly throughout the body and involved in many metabolic processes. L-Glutamine provides a source of carbons for oxidation in some cells.
    L-Glutamine-d<sub>4</sub>
  • HY-W010255A
    Phenylglyoxylic acid sodium
    		99.92%
    Phenylglyoxylic acid sodium (Benzoylformic acid sodium) is a metabolite of ethylbenzene and styrene (EB/S) and can be used as a biomarker of exposure to EB/S in human. Phenylglyoxylic acid sodium can be used as drug intermediate for synthesis of antineoplastic compounds.
    Phenylglyoxylic acid sodium
  • HY-113015S
    Stearoylethanolamide-d3
    		99.8%
    Stearoylethanolamide-d3 (Ceamid-d3) is deuterium labeled Stearoylethanolamide. Stearoylethanolamide is an endocannabinoid-like compound with pro-apoptotic activity.
    Stearoylethanolamide-d<sub>3</sub>
  • HY-129770
    D-Methionine sulfoxide
    		98.74%
    D-methionine sulfoxide is the D-isomer of Methionine sulfoxide. Methionine sulfoxide is an oxidation product of methionine. Methionine is the limiting amino acid in milk or leguminous proteins , which is easily oxidized during the course of storage or processing.
    D-Methionine sulfoxide
  • HY-19528S2
    SAH-13C10
    		99.90%
    SAH-13C10 is the 13C labeled SAH. SAH (S-Adenosylhomocysteine) is an amino acid derivative and a modulartor in several metabolic pathways. It is an intermediate in the synthesis of cysteine and adenosine. SAH is an inhibitor for METTL3-METTL14 heterodimer complex (METTL3-14) with an IC50 of 0.9 μM.
    SAH-<sup>13</sup>C<sub>10</sub>
  • HY-W010435R
    Sulcatone (Standard)
    Sulcatone (Standard) (6-Methyl-5-hepten-2-one (Standard)) is the analytical standard of Sulcatone (HY-W010435). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Sulcatone (6-Methyl-5-hepten-2-one) is a plant-derived volatile organic compound with activities such as insecticidal, antifungal, and blood pressure-lowering effects. Sulcatone also serves as an insect pheromone and an endogenous metabolite, which can be found in feces. Changes in Sulcatone levels can be used for the auxiliary diagnosis of ulcerative colitis.
    Sulcatone (Standard)
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity
Endogenous Metabolite Isoform Comparison

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