2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Metabolic Enzyme/Protease
  4. Endogenous Metabolite

Endogenous Metabolite

Endogenous Metabolite

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Endogenous metabolites refer to the collective set of small-molecule chemical substances present within organelles, cells, organs, biological fluids, or entire organisms; their molecular weights are typically less than 1500 Da. These endogenous metabolites—including lipids, amino acids, short peptides, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, alcohols, and organic acids—not only participate in signal transduction governing genomic function but also receive upstream signals from the environment, thereby bridging the interrelationships among genotype, environment, and phenotype. Based on their biological functions, microbial endogenous metabolites can be broadly classified into two categories: primary metabolites and secondary metabolites. Primary metabolites are the core molecules essential for supporting microbial growth and proliferation; they serve to provide energy to the microbes or act as precursors and cofactors for the synthesis of biological macromolecules. In contrast, microbial secondary metabolites are a class of low-molecular-weight products that are not strictly essential for microbial growth. Nevertheless, microbial secondary metabolites include numerous substances—such as antibiotics, anti-tumor agents, and cholesterol-lowering agents—that are of critical importance to human health[1][2][3]. Furthermore, the metabolome of a biological organism is influenced by a variety of endogenous factors, including age, sex, body composition, genetic background, and underlying pathological states. The small-molecule metabolites within an organism are diverse and highly distinct; their levels are typically subject to the synergistic regulation of a vast array of enzymes and transport proteins, undergoing processes of synthesis, transformation, degradation, and compartmentalized distribution. Metabolomics research based on endogenous metabolites has been widely applied in the fields of metabolic disorders, neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and infectious diseases, where these metabolites hold potential utility as biomarkers or therapeutic targets[1][2][3].

Endogenous Metabolite Isoform Specific Products:

Endogenous Metabolite Isoform Comparison
Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-142908
    Maximiscin
    Maximiscin, a fungal metabolite, induces DNA damage and shows selective cytotoxic activity against a subtype of triple-negative breast cancer.
    Maximiscin
  • HY-109506S5
    DPPC-d13
    DPPC-d13 is deuterium labeled DPPC. DPPC (129Y83) is a zwitterionic phosphoglyceride that can be used for the preparation of liposomal monolayers. DPPC-liposome serves effectively as a delivery vehicle for inducing immune responses against GSL antigen in
    DPPC-d<sub>13</sub>
  • HY-Y0289S3
    1-Dodecanol-d1
    1-Dodecanol-d1 is the deuterium labeled 1-Dodecanol. 1-Dodecanol is an endogenous metabolite.
    1-Dodecanol-d<sub>1</sub>
  • HY-N0215S6
    DL-Phenylalanine-d5 hydrochloride
    DL-Phenylalanine-d5 (hydrochloride) is the deuterium labeled DL-Phenylalanine hydrochloride. L-Phenylalanine hydrochloride is an essential amino acid isolated from Escherichia coli. L-Phenylalanine hydrochloride is a α2δ subunit of voltage-dependent Ca+ channels antagonist with a Ki of 980 nM. L-phenylalanine hydrochloride is a competitive antagonist for the glycine- and glutamate-binding sites of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) (KB of 573 μM ) and non-NMDARs, respectively. L-Phenylalanine hydrochloride is widely used in the production of food flavors and pharmaceuticals.
    DL-Phenylalanine-d<sub>5</sub> hydrochloride
  • HY-N9717
    Herbaridine B
    Herbaridine B is a potential fungal secondary metabolite that can be extracted from the fungus Anteaglonium FL0768. This fungus was isolated as an endophyte from the photosynthetic tissue of Selaginella arenicola.
    Herbaridine B
  • HY-N0083S2
    Betulin-d3-1
    Betulin-d3-1 is the deuterium labeled Betulin (HY-N0083). Betulin (Trochol), is a sterol regulatory element-binding protein (SREBP) inhibitor with an IC50 of 14.5 μM in K562 cell line.
    Betulin-d<sub>3</sub>-1
  • HY-117275R
    Meclofenamic acid (Standard)
    Meclofenamic acid (Standard) is the analytical standard of Meclofenamic acid. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Meclofenamic acid (Meclofenamate) is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent. Meclofenamic acid is a highly selective FTO (fat mass and obesity-associated) enzyme inhibitor. Meclofenamic acid competes with FTO binding for the m(6)A-containing nucleic acid. Meclofenamic acid is a non-selective gap-junction blocker. Meclofenamic acid inhibits hKv2.1 and hKv1.1, with IC50 values of 56.0 and 155.9 μM, respectively.
    Meclofenamic acid (Standard)
  • HY-E70931
    Aromatic Alcohol Dehydrogenase(NADP+ dependent), Thermoanaerobium sp.
    Aromatic Alcohol Dehydrogenase (NADP+ dependent), Thermoanaerobium sp. (EC 1.1.1.2), is involved in the reduction of both biological and exogenous aldehydes and is present in almost all tissues.
    Aromatic Alcohol Dehydrogenase(NADP+ dependent), Thermoanaerobium sp.
  • HY-W766574
    L-Glutamine-5-13C
    L-Glutamine-5-13C Hydrochloride is the 13C-labeled L-Glutamine (HY-N0390). L-Glutamine (L-Glutamic acid 5-amide) is a non-essential amino acid present abundantly throughout the body and involved in many metabolic processes. L-Glutamine provides a source of carbons for oxidation in some cells.
    L-Glutamine-5-<sup>13</sup>C<sub>
  • HY-B1659S3
    Glycerol-d1
    Glycerol-d is the deuterium labeled Glycerol. Glycerol is used in sample preparation and gel formation for polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.
    Glycerol-d<sub>1</sub>
  • HY-E70970
    Catechol-O-methyl Transferase, Porcine
    Catechol-O-methyl Transferase, Porcine (EC 2.1.1.6) is one of several enzymes that degrade catecholamines such as dopamine, epinephrine, and norepinephrine.
    Catechol-O-methyl Transferase, Porcine
  • HY-113212R
    Ursocholic acid (Standard)
    Ursocholic acid (Standard) is the analytical standard of Ursocholic acid. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Ursocholic acid, a bile acid present in mammalian bile, is converted to deoxycholic acid (UDC) by the mouse intestinal flora. Ursocholic acid acts as a gallstone dissolving agent in the liver through anti-apoptosis, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, bile regulation, and coordinated changes in mitochondrial integrity and cell signaling, Ursocholic acid also has favorable effects on bones in patients with chronic cholestasis[1][2][3][4][5].
    Ursocholic acid (Standard)
  • HY-135535
    Sclerotioramine
    Sclerotioramine (Compound 1), a red pigment, is an antioxidant compound. Sclerotioramine can be isolated from the endolichenic fungus Penicillium sp.-strain 1322P. Sclerotioramine has potent antibacterial activity with MICs of 3.125, 3.125 and 6.25 μg/mL for Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus megaterium and Shigella dysentery, respectively. Sclerotioramine also has significant antifungal activity against Pestalotiopsis theae, Cochliobolus miyabeanus and Exserohilum turcicum.
    Sclerotioramine
  • HY-P2966
    Protein-arginine deiminase
    Protein-arginine deiminase is a unique family of enzymes that catalyzes the hydrolysis of peptidyl-arginine to form peptidyl-citrulline.
    Protein-arginine deiminase
  • HY-B0421AR
    Mycophenolic acid sodium (Standard)
    Mycophenolic acid (sodium) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Mycophenolic acid (sodium). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Mycophenolic acid sodium is a potent uncompetitive inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMPDH) inhibitor with an EC50 of 0.24 μM. Mycophenolic acid sodium demonstrates antiviral effects against a wide range of RNA viruses including influenza. Mycophenolic acid sodium is an immunosuppressive agent. Antiangiogenic and antitumor effects.
    Mycophenolic acid sodium (Standard)
  • HY-E70922
    Yeast 6-Phosphogluconic Dehydrogenase
    Yeast 6-Phosphogluconic Dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.44) belongs to the oxidoreductase family. It is an oxidoreductase that acts on the CH-OH group of the donor molecule and uses NAD+ or NADP+ as the acceptor. Yeast 6-Phosphogluconic Dehydrogenase has two substrates: 6-phosphate-D-gluconic acid and NADP+, and three products: D-ribulose-5-phosphate, CO2, and NADPH.
    Yeast 6-Phosphogluconic Dehydrogenase
  • HY-W041470R
    4-Methyl-1-phenyl-2-pentanone (Standard)
    Chlorpromazine (hydrochloride) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Chlorpromazine (hydrochloride). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Chlorpromazine hydrochloride is an orally active, blood-brain barrier-transparent antipsychotic agent that effectively antagonises D2 dopamine receptors and 5-HT2A, which is widely used in schizophrenia and other psychiatric disorders. Chlorpromazine hydrochloride exerts anti-cancer activity through a variety of pathways, including anti-proliferation, induction of autophagy and cycle arrest (G2-M phase), inhibition of cytochrome c oxidase (CcO), inhibition of tumour growth and metastasis, and inhibition of tumour immune escape. Chlorpromazine hydrochloride also blocks hNav1.7 channels (IC50=25.9 μM; concentration-dependent) and HERG potassium channels (IC50=21.6 μM), which has potential for analgesic and cardiac arrhythmic studies. Chlorpromazine hydrochloride also can inhibit clathrin-mediated endocytosis.
    4-Methyl-1-phenyl-2-pentanone (Standard)
  • HY-12033S
    2-Methoxyestradiol-13C,d3
    2-Methoxyestradiol-13C,d3 is the 13C- and deuterium labeled 2-Methoxyestradiol. 2-Methoxyestradiol (2-ME2), an orally active endogenous metabolite of 17β-estradiol (E2), is an apoptosis inducer and an angiogenesis inhibitor with potent antineoplastic activity. 2-Methoxyestradiol also destablize microtubules. 2-Methoxyestradio, also a potent superoxide dismutase (SOD) inhibitor and a ROS-generating agent, induces autophagy in the transformed cell line HEK293 and the cancer cell lines U87 and HeLa.
    2-Methoxyestradiol-<sup>13</sup>C,d<sub>3</sub>
  • HY-W744272
    Estetrol-d3
    Estetrol-d3 is the deuterium labeled Estetrol (HY-15731). Estetrol, an orally active estrogen synthesized exclusively during pregnancy by the human fetal liver, is a selective nuclear?estrogen receptor?modulator. Estetrol binds?ERα?as well as?ERβ?(with a fourfold lower affinity). Estetrol increases?eNOS?expression/activity and NO synthesis in endothelial cells. Estetrol exerts estrogenic actions on the endometrium or the central nervous system but presents antagonistic effects on the breast. Estetrol can be used in contraception and menopausal hormone research.
    Estetrol-d<sub>3</sub>
  • HY-N7092S16
    D-Fructose-d2
    		99.9%
    D-Fructose-d2 is the deuterium labeled D-Fructose. D-Fructose (D(-)-Fructose) is a naturally occurring monosaccharide found in many plants.
    D-Fructose-d<sub>2</sub>
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity
Endogenous Metabolite Isoform Comparison

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