2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Stem Cell/Wnt
    TGF-beta/Smad
  4. TGF-beta/Smad

TGF-beta/Smad

Transforming growth factor beta

TGF-beta/Smad

Related Products

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Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) is a member of a superfamily of pleiotropic proteins that regulate multiple cellular processes such as growth, development and differentiation. The intracellular effectors of TGF-beta signalling, the Smad proteins, are activated by receptors and translocate into the nucleus, where they regulate transcription. Although this pathway is inherently simple, combinatorial interactions in the heteromeric receptor and Smad complexes, receptor-interacting and Smad-interacting proteins, and cooperation with sequence-specific transcription factors allow substantial versatility and diversification of TGF-beta family responses. Other signalling pathways further regulate Smad activation and function.

In addition, TGF-beta receptors activate Smad-independent pathways that not only regulate Smad signalling, but also allow Smad-independent TGF-beta responses. Aberrant TGF-β signaling is associated with a variety of diseases, such as fibrosis, cardiovascular disease and cancer. Hence, the TGF-β signaling pathway is recognized as a potential drug target.

Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-P990460
    Anti-LAP Antibody
    		Inhibitor
    Anti-LAP Antibody is a humanized antibody expressed in CHO cells, targeting LAP. The Anti-LAP Antibody features a huIgG2 heavy chain and a huκ light chain, with a predicted molecular weight (MW) of 150 kDa. For isotype control of the Anti-LAP Antibody, you can refer to Human IgG2 kappa, Isotype Control (HY-P99002).
    Anti-LAP Antibody
  • HY-121246S
    Fluorofenidone-d3
    		Inhibitor
    Fluorofenidone-d3 (AKF-PD-d3) is deuterium labeled Fluorofenidone (AKF-PD) (HY-121246). Fluorofenidone is an orally active compound with anti-fibrotic, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory pharmacological effects. Fluorofenidone downregulates the expression of ACSL4, upregulates GPX4 expression and inhibits the NF-κB signaling pathway to alleviate inflammation and fibrosis. Fluorofenidone ameliorates cholestasis and fibrosis by inhibiting hepatic Erk/-Egr-1 signaling and Tgfβ1/Smad pathway in mice. Fluorofenidone demonstrates protective effects against chronic lung injury in mice. Fluorofenidone can be used for the study of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), pulmonary interstitial fibrosis (PIF) and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
    Fluorofenidone-d<sub>3</sub>
  • HY-W750902
    Oxymatrine-d3
    		Inhibitor
    Oxymatrine-d3 is the deuterium labeled Oxymatrine (HY-N0158). Oxymatrine, an alkaloid from Sophora flavescens Alt. with anti-inflammatory, antifibrosis, and antitumor effects, inhibits the iNOS expression and TGF-β/Smad pathway. Oxymatrine inhibits bocavirus minute virus of canines (MVC) replication, reduces viral gene expression and decreases apoptosis induced by viral infection.
    Oxymatrine-d<sub>3</sub>
  • HY-W012977R
    3,3-Dimethyl-1-butanol (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    3,3-Dimethyl-1-butanol (Standard) is the analytical standard of 3,3-Dimethyl-1-butanol (HY-W012977). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. 3,3-Dimethyl-1-butanol (DMB) is an orally active inhibitor of trimethylamine (TMA) and trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO). 3,3-Dimethyl-1-butanol inhibits the signaling pathway of p65 NF-κB and TGF-β1/Smad3. 3,3-Dimethyl-1-butanol has potential applications in cardiovascular disease (CVD).
    3,3-Dimethyl-1-butanol (Standard)
  • HY-N6013R
    Aloin (mixture of A&B) (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Aloin (mixture of A&B) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Aloin (mixture of A&B) (HY-N6013). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Aloin (mixture of A&B) is an orally active anthraquinone derivative isolated from Aloe vera. Aloin (mixture of A&B) mitigates airway impairment and exerts neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral and antitumor effects. Aloin (mixture of A&B) inhibits Clostridium histolyticum collagenase, granulocyte matrix metalloproteinases and human 20S proteasome. Aloin (mixture of A&B) upregulates the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway, suppresses the TGF-β/Smad2/3 pathway. Aloin (mixture of A&B) reduces IL-4/IL-5/IL-13 levels, and reverses oxidative stress markers (MDA, SOD, GSH). Aloin (mixture of A&B) can be used for research on chronic ulcers, burns, wounds, inflammatory and degenerative disorders, asthma and neuroblastoma.
    Aloin (mixture of A&B) (Standard)
  • HY-158821B
    ISTH0036 sodium scrambled negative control
    		Inhibitor
    ISTH0036 sodium scrambled negative control is the sequence scrambled negative control of ISTH0036 sodium (HY-158821A). ISTH0036 sodium is a phosphorothioate LNA-modified antisense oligonucleotide gapmer that selectively targets and downregulates TGF-β2 mRNA. ISTH0036 sodium suppresses TGF-β2 expression, reduces choroidal neovascularization and vascular leakage, inhibits fibrosis, blocks epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, and inhibits angiogenesis while promoting bleb survival. ISTH0036 sodium exhibits long-lasting, dose-dependent ocular tissue distribution and target engagement in rabbit and non-human primate eyes. ISTH0036 sodium can be used for the study of various ocular disorders, such as glaucoma and neovascular retinal diseases.
    ISTH0036 sodium scrambled negative control
  • HY-137992
    Aucuparin
    		Inhibitor
    Aucuparin, a natural product found in Sorbus aucuparia, inhibits pulmonary fibrosis in a bleomycin (HY-108345)-induced lung fibrosis mouse model. Aucuparin has anti-inflammatory activity and can inhibit the activation of inflammatory factors by TGF-β.
    Aucuparin
  • HY-100830R
    NCB-0846 (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    NCB-0846 (Standard) is the analytical standard of NCB-0846 (HY-100830). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. NCB-0846 is an orally active, selective inhibitor for Wnt, that inhibits Traf2- and Nck-interacting kinase (TNIK) with an IC50 of 21 nM. NCB-0846 blocks TGF-β signaling pathway by inhibiting SMAD2/3 phosphorylation and nuclear translocation.
    NCB-0846 (Standard)
  • HY-20888
    3'-Methoxy-4'-nitroflavone
    		Inhibitor
    3'-Methoxy-4'-nitroflavone (MNF) is a specific aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) antagonist. 3'-Methoxy-4'-nitroflavone activates AhR by inhibiting CYP1, the metabolic enzyme of the endogenous ligand FICZ (HY-12451), leading to the accumulation of FICZ. 3'-Methoxy-4'-nitroflavone reverses the anti-apoptotic effect of TCDD, attenuates the activation of Akt and Erk1/2 kinases and the expression of TGFα induced by TCDD. 3'-Methoxy-4'-nitroflavone can be used in research related to breast tumor promotion, rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis and inflammatory bowel disease.
    3'-Methoxy-4'-nitroflavone
  • HY-N0847R
    Micheliolide (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Micheliolide is a sesquiterpene lactone with anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory effects, which is derived from Michelia compressa and Michelia champaca. Micheliolide can attenuate high glucose-stimulated NF-κB activation, IκBα degradation, and the expression of MCP-1, TGF-β1, and FN in mouse mesangial cells. Micheliolide inhibits LPS (HY-D1056)-induced activation of NF-κB and PI3K/Akt/p70S6K pathways to play an anti-inflammatory role. Micheliolide inhibits dextran sodium sulphate (DSS) (HY-116282)-induced inflammatory intestinal disease, colitis-associated cancer and rheumatic arthritis.
    Micheliolide (Standard)
  • HY-N2033R
    Chebulinic acid (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Chebulinic acid (Standard) is the analytical standard of Chebulinic acid. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Chebulinic acid is a potent natural inhibitor of M. tuberculosis DNA gyrase, also can inhibit SMAD-3 phosphorylation, inhibit H+ K+-ATPase activity.
    Chebulinic acid (Standard)
  • HY-100113R
    Buloxibutid (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Buloxibutid (AT2 receptor agonist C21) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Buloxibutid (HY-100113). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Buloxibutid is an orally active, selective angiotensin II type 2 receptor (AT2R) agonist, with a Ki value of 0.4 nM for porcine AT2R. Buloxibutid exerts effects such as vasodilation, anti-inflammation, anti-fibrosis (promoting the expression of collagenase MMP-13) and tissue repair mainly by activating the NO/cGMP pathway, inhibiting the pro-proliferative MAPK signaling, and suppressing the pro-fibrotic TGF-β/Smad pathway as well as the inflammatory NF-κB pathway. Buloxibutid can be used in research related to idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, hypertension, and systemic sclerosis.
    Buloxibutid (Standard)
  • HY-179400
    LDN-193688
    		Inhibitor
    LDN-193688 (Compound 26) is a ALK2 inhibitor, with IC₅₀ values of 104, 18, 235, 1530, and 1080 nM against ALK1, ALK2, ALK3, ALK4, and ALK5, respectively. LDN-193688 inhibits bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4)-induced phosphorylation of SMAD1/5/8, with an IC₅₀ of 2.6 μM.
    LDN-193688
  • HY-101275R
    EMT inhibitor-1 (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    EMT inhibitor-1 (Standard) is the analytical standard of EMT inhibitor-1 (HY-101275). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. EMT inhibitor-1 is an inhibitor of of Hippo, TGF-β, and Wnt signaling pathways with antitumor activities.
    EMT inhibitor-1 (Standard)
  • HY-N4107R
    Phyllanthin (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Phyllanthin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Phyllanthin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Phyllanthin is an effective oral anticancer agent. Phyllanthin inhibits MOLT-4 cell viability, increases apoptosis, inhibits cell migration and invasion. Phyllanthin exerts anti-fibrotic effects by down-regulating TGF signaling pathway via ALK5 and Smad2/3. Phyllanthin also has anti-inflammatory and antibacterial properties .
    Phyllanthin (Standard)
  • HY-P991950
    SHR-1906
    		Inhibitor
    SHR-1906 is a selective fully humanized monoclonal IgG1 inhibitory antibody targeting CTGF. SHR-1906 specifically binds to CTGF, thereby blocking the interaction between CTGF and TGF-B1 with an inhibition rate of 55%. SHR-1906increases the survival rate in a pulmonary fibrosis model by reducing TGF-β1 levels and inhibiting fibrotic lesions in lung tissue in Bleomycin (HY-108345)-induced pulmonary fibrosis.SHR-1906 can be used for pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) research. Recommend Isotype Controls: Human IgG1 kappa, Isotype Control (HY-P99001).
    SHR-1906
  • HY-158821D
    Cy3 labled ISTH0036 sodium
    		Inhibitor
    Cy3 labled ISTH0036 sodium is a Cy3 labled ISTH0036 sodium (HY-158821A). ISTH0036 sodium is a phosphorothioate LNA-modified antisense oligonucleotide gapmer that selectively targets and downregulates TGF-β2 mRNA. ISTH0036 sodium suppresses TGF-β2 expression, reduces choroidal neovascularization and vascular leakage, inhibits fibrosis, blocks epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, and inhibits angiogenesis while promoting bleb survival. ISTH0036 sodium exhibits long-lasting, dose-dependent ocular tissue distribution and target engagement in rabbit and non-human primate eyes. ISTH0036 sodium can be used for the study of various ocular disorders, such as glaucoma and neovascular retinal diseases.
    Cy3 labled ISTH0036 sodium
  • HY-158821C
    FAM labled ISTH0036 sodium
    		Inhibitor
    FAM labled ISTH0036 sodiumis a FAM labled ISTH0036 sodium (HY-158821A). ISTH0036 sodium is a phosphorothioate LNA-modified antisense oligonucleotide gapmer that selectively targets and downregulates TGF-β2 mRNA. ISTH0036 sodium suppresses TGF-β2 expression, reduces choroidal neovascularization and vascular leakage, inhibits fibrosis, blocks epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, and inhibits angiogenesis while promoting bleb survival. ISTH0036 sodium exhibits long-lasting, dose-dependent ocular tissue distribution and target engagement in rabbit and non-human primate eyes. ISTH0036 sodium can be used for the study of various ocular disorders, such as glaucoma and neovascular retinal diseases.
    FAM labled ISTH0036 sodium
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Species Source
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity