Valproic acid sodium
Based on 69 publication(s) in Google Scholar
Valproic acid (Sodium Valproate) sodium is an orally active HDAC inhibitor, with IC50 in the range of 0.5 and 2 mM, also inhibits HDAC1 (IC50, 400 μM), and induces proteasomal degradation of HDAC2. Valproic acid sodium activates Notch1 signaling and inhibits proliferation in small cell lung cancer (SCLC) cells. Valproic acid sodium is used in the treatment of epilepsy, bipolar disorder, metabolic disease, HIV infection and prevention of migraine headaches.
For research use only. We do not sell to patients.
- Purity: 99.65%
- CAS No.: 1069-66-5
- Formula: C8H15NaO2
- Molecular Weight:166.19
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Storage:
4°C, sealed storage, away from moisture
* In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture)
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Publications Citing Use of MedChemExpress (MCE) Valproic acid sodium
More- Signal Transduct Target Ther. 2024 Oct 30;9(1):294. [Abstract]
- Signal Transduct Target Ther. 2024 Jan 22;9(1):24. [Abstract]
- Mil Med Res. 2020 Nov 1;7(1):52. [Abstract]
- Mil Med Res. 2020 Sep 6;7(1):42. [Abstract]
- Nat Commun. 2024 Sep 19;15(1):8221. [Abstract]
- Cell Death Differ. 2023 Jul;30(7):1811-1828. [Abstract]
- Acta Pharm Sin B. 2025 Oct 24.
- Autophagy. 2025 Oct 16. [Abstract]
- Adv Sci (Weinh). 2024 Feb;11(7):e2305620. [Abstract]
- Theranostics. 2025 Apr 9;15(11):5153-5171. [Abstract]
- Biomaterials. 2018 Dec 6;193:30-46. [Abstract]
- J Nanobiotechnology. 2025 Oct 14;23(1):670. [Abstract]
- Sci Adv. 2021 Aug 11;7(33):eabf4416. [Abstract]
- Mol Psychiatry. 2026 Feb 26. [Abstract]
- J Neuroinflammation. 2025 Nov 26;22(1):280. [Abstract]
- Int J Biol Macromol. 2025 Dec 12;338(Pt 1):149672. [Abstract]
- Acta Pharmacol Sin. 2024 Nov;45(11):2290-2299. [Abstract]
- Acta Pharmacol Sin. 2021 Mar;42(3):470-481. [Abstract]
- Phytomedicine. 2025 Jun:141:156707. [Abstract]
- Phytomedicine. 2022 Nov:106:154403. [Abstract]
- EMBO J. 2021 Jun 1;40(11):e106771. [Abstract]
- Free Radic Biol Med. 2026 May 12:252:509-524. [Abstract]
- Sci Total Environ. 2023 Dec 10:903:166505. [Abstract]
- Sci Total Environ. 2021 Aug 20:783:147014. [Abstract]
- Stem Cell Res Ther. 2025 Oct 8;16(1):547. [Abstract]
- Oncogene. 2021 Apr;40(15):2711-2724. [Abstract]
- J Genet Genomics. 2024 Mar;51(3):338-351. [Abstract]
- Transl Psychiatry. 2025 Oct 24;15(1):428. [Abstract]
- J Agric Food Chem. 2024 Nov 6;72(44):24400-24416. [Abstract]
- Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2022 Aug:241:113752. [Abstract]
- J Ethnopharmacol. 2024 Aug 16:118697. [Abstract]
- J Ethnopharmacol. 2023 May 23:308:116258. [Abstract]
- Life Sci. 2023 Sep 1:328:121921. [Abstract]
- Inflammation. 2025 Jun 30. [Abstract]
- Eur J Pharmacol. 2025 Sep 15:1003:177942. [Abstract]
- Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2025 Jun 2;66(6):25. [Abstract]
- J Integr Med. 2024 Nov;22(6):683-695. [Abstract]
- J Biol Chem. 2023 Mar;299(3):102971. [Abstract]
- Sci Rep. 2020 Sep 16;10(1):15201. [Abstract]
- J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2025 Oct 31;393(1):103767. [Abstract]
- J Virol. 2024 Nov 12:e0121624. [Abstract]
- Cell Signal. 2025 Jun 17:111946. [Abstract]
- Biotechnol Bioeng. 2021 Dec;118(12):4687-4698. [Abstract]
- Viruses. 2024 Apr 20;16(4):643. [Abstract]
- Int J Parasitol Drugs Drug Resist. 2026 May 17;31:100649.
- Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2025 Nov:504:117536. [Abstract]
- BMC Cancer. 2022 Aug 8;22(1):864. [Abstract]
- Kaohsiung J Med Sci. 2026 Feb 4:e70175. [Abstract]
- Biochim Biophys Acta Gene Regul Mech. 2020 Sep;1863(9):194597. [Abstract]
- Genomics. 2024 May;116(3):110838. [Abstract]
- Toxicol Lett. 2021 Aug 1:346:47-56. [Abstract]
- Int J Biochem Cell Biol. 2026 Mar:192:106910. [Abstract]
- Genes (Basel). 2024 Sep 13;15(9):1206. [Abstract]
- Tissue Cell. 2026 Jun:100:103365. [Abstract]
- FEBS Open Bio. 2024 Jun;14(6):983-1000. [Abstract]
- Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2023 Jan 22:641:168-176. [Abstract]
- Epilepsy Res. 2026 May 14:225:107820. [Abstract]
- J Interferon Cytokine Res. 2021 Dec;41(12):439-449. [Abstract]
- Lett Drug Des Discover. 2019 Nov.
- STAR Protoc. 2022 Aug 18;3(3):101638. [Abstract]
- Res Sq. 2026 May 4.
- bioRxiv. 2025 Dec 1.
- World J Methodol. 2025 Jun 20;15(2):99580. [Abstract]
- Res Sq. 2025 May 15.
- bioRxiv. 2023 Apr 21:2023.04.19.537556. [Abstract]
- Research Square Preprint. 2022 Jul.
- Brain Science Advances. 2022 Feb.
- Research Square Preprint. 2022 Jan.
- Clin Dev Immunol. 2020 Aug 4;2020:4384696. [Abstract]
Customer Validation & Images
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In Vivo Efficacy Study
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In Vivo Efficacy Study
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In Vivo Efficacy Study
All Endogenous Metabolite Isoforms
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Biological Activity
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HDAC1 400 μM (IC50) |
HDAC 0.5-2 mM (IC50) |
HDAC2 |
Autophagy |
Mitophagy |
Valproic acid (VPA) (0-15 mM; 24 and 72 h) inhibits Hela cell growth in a dose- and time- dependent manner[1].
Valproic acid (10 mM; 24 h) significantly attenuates the activities of total, cytosol and nuclear HDACs[1].
Valproic acid (0-15 mM; 24 h) induces a G1 phase arrest at 1–3 mM and a G2/M phase arrest at 10 mM, and increases the percentage of sub-G1 cells in HeLa cells. Valproic acid also induces necrosis, apoptosis and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release[1].
Valproic acid (0-20 mM; 24 h) activates Tcf/Lef-dependent transcription and synergizes with lithium[2].
Valproic acid (0-5 mM; 0-18 h) increases β-catenin levels in Neuro2A cells[2].
Valproic acid (0-2 mM; 0-24 h) stimulates phosphorylation of AMPK and ACC in hepatocytes[5].
Valproic acid (0-10 mM; 2 days) induces Notch1 signaling and morphologic differentiation, suppresses production of NE tumor markers in SCLC cells[6].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
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Cell Line:HeLa cells
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Concentration:0, 1, 3, 5, 10 and 15 mM
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Incubation Time:24 and 72 h
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Result:HeLa cell growth was dose- and time-dependently decreased with an IC50 of ~10 and 4 mM at 24 and 72 h.
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Cell Line:HeLa cells, Neuro2A cells or primary mouse hepatocytes
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Concentration:10 mM (HeLa); 0, 2, and 5 mM (Neuro2A); 0.2, 0.4, 0.8, 1.2 and 2 mM (hepatocytes)
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Incubation Time:24 h (HeLa); 0-18 h (Neuro2A); 0-24 h (hepatocytes)
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Result:Increased the form of acetylated histone 3.
Reduced PARP, induced cleavage PARP, and downregulated Bcl-2.
Increased β-catenin levels.
Increased the phosphorylation of AMPK and ACC.
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Cell Line:HeLa cells
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Concentration:0, 1, 3, 5, 10 and 15 mM
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Incubation Time:24 h
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Result:Induced a G1 phase arrest at 1–3 mM, significantly induced a G2/M phase arrest at 10 mM, and increased the percentage of sub-G1 cells in HeLa cells in a dose-dependent manner at 24 h.
Valproic acid (350 mg/kg; i.p.; once) enhances social behavior in rats[4].
Valproic acid (0.26% (w/v); p.o. via drinking water; 14 days) decreases liver mass, hepatic fat accumulation, and serum glucose in obese mice without hepatotoxicity[5].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
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Animal Model:Female BALB/c nude mice, Kasumi-1 tumor model[3]
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Dosage:500 mg/kg
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Administration:Intraperitoneal injection, daily for 12 days
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Result:Inhibited tumor growth and tumor angiogenesis.
Inhibited the mRNA and protein expression of VEGF, VEGFR2 and bFGF.
Inhibited HDAC activity and increased acetylation of histone H3.
Enhanced the accumulation of hyperacetylated histone H3 on VEGF promoters.
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Animal Model:Timed-pregnant Long Evans rats[4]
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Dosage:350 mg/kg
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Administration:Intraperitoneal injection, once
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Result:Demonstrated more social investigation and play fighting than control animals.
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Animal Model:Obese phenotype of ob/ob mice[5]
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Dosage:0.26% (w/v)
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Administration:Oral via drinking water, 14 days
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Result:Revealed a marked reduction in the accumulation of fats in the liver as compared with the untreated mice, significantly decreased liver mass to body mass, decreased serum triglyceride concentrations, and did not induce hepatotoxicity.
| NCT Number | Sponsor | Condition | Start Date |
Phase
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| NCT01329991 | Plexxikon| | 2011-05 | PHASE1 |
Chemical Information
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CAS No. 1069-66-5
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Appearance Solid
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Molecular Weight 166.19
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Formula C8H15NaO2
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Color White to off-white
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SMILES
O=C(O[Na])C(CCC)CCC
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Synonyms
Sodium Valproate; VPA sodium; 2-Propylpentanoic acid sodium
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Structure Classification
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Initial Source
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Shipping
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
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Storage
4°C, sealed storage, away from moisture
* In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture)
Publications (69)
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Journal Impact Factor
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Most Recent
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Signal Transduct Target Ther
Human adipose and umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles mitigate photoaging via TIMP1/Notch1. [Abstract]2024 Oct 30;9(1):294. PMID: 39472581 -
Signal Transduct Target Ther
Bone-targeting engineered small extracellular vesicles carrying anti-miR-6359-CGGGAGC prevent valproic acid-induced bone loss. [Abstract]2024 Jan 22;9(1):24. PMID: 38246920 -
Mil Med Res
Direct conversion of human fibroblasts into dopaminergic neuron-like cells using small molecules and protein factors. [Abstract]2020 Nov 1;7(1):52. PMID: 33129359
Valproic acid sodium purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Mil Med Res. 2020 Nov 1;7(1):52. [Abstract]
Valproic acid (0.1 mmol/L; 0–14 days) was used. Representative microscopy images depicting the morphological changes after chemical induction were shown. Scale bars = 100 μm.
Valproic acid sodium purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Mil Med Res. 2020 Nov 1;7(1):52. [Abstract]
Valproic acid (0.1 mmol/L; 0–7 days) was used. RT-qPCR analysis of mRNA expression levels of neuron-associated genes TUJ1 and MAP2, and DA neuron-associated genes TH and NURR1 was performed during the chemical induction.
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Mil Med Res
Efficient and rapid conversion of human astrocytes and ALS mouse model spinal cord astrocytes into motor neuron-like cells by defined small molecules. [Abstract]2020 Sep 6;7(1):42. PMID: 32892745 -
Nat Commun
2024 Sep 19;15(1):8221. PMID: 39300135 -
Cell Death Differ
2023 Jul;30(7):1811-1828. PMID: 37322264
Valproic acid sodium purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Cell Death Differ. 2023 Jul;30(7):1811-1828. [Abstract]
Western blot analysis using indicated antibodies was performed. Lysates were prepared from control (DMSO) cells or cells treated with Trichostatin A (TSA, 5 μM), Valproic acid (VPA, 0.5 mM), or RGFP966 (10 μM) for 24 h. GAPDH served as a loading control.
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Autophagy
Acetylation promotes mutant (MUT) TP53-HSPA8 and HSPA8-BAG3 interactions, facilitating MUT TP53 lysosomal degradation preferentially via CASA. [Abstract]2025 Oct 16. PMID: 41099453 -
Adv Sci (Weinh)
Transgelin Promotes Glioblastoma Stem Cell Hypoxic Responses and Maintenance Through p53 Acetylation. [Abstract]2024 Feb;11(7):e2305620. PMID: 38087889 -
Theranostics
Modulation of brain immune microenvironment and cellular dynamics in systemic inflammation. [Abstract]2025 Apr 9;15(11):5153-5171. PMID: 40303348 -
Biomaterials
Chemical induced conversion of mouse fibroblasts and human adipose-derived stem cells into skeletal muscle-like cells. [Abstract]2018 Dec 6;193:30-46. PMID: 30554025 -
J Nanobiotechnology
Biomimetic ferritin nanocages for synergistic co-delivery of metformin and rapamycin restore neurodevelopmental homeostasis in autism spectrum disorders. [Abstract]2025 Oct 14;23(1):670. PMID: 41083985
Valproic acid sodium purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: J Nanobiotechnology. 2025 Oct 14;23(1):670. [Abstract]
Cell viability under treatment with different concentrations of VPA (0-40 mM; 24 h).
Valproic acid sodium purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: J Nanobiotechnology. 2025 Oct 14;23(1):670. [Abstract]
Pregnant females received intraperitoneal injections of 600 mg/kg VPA or saline on gestational day 12.5. Immunohistochemical staining representative images and quantification of Iba1 and GFAP in hippocampal CA1, CA3, and DG regions.
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Sci Adv
2021 Aug 11;7(33):eabf4416. PMID: 34380613 -
Mol Psychiatry
The novel role of GADD45A in the etiology of autism: modulating neuronal excitability via TET1/R-loop dependent regulation of KCNQ5. [Abstract]2026 Feb 26. PMID: 41741708 -
J Neuroinflammation
FOXA2 regulated by HDAC3-mediated deacetylation attenuates neuropathic pain by modulating microglial lipid metabolism and synaptic pruning dysregulation. [Abstract]2025 Nov 26;22(1):280. PMID: 41299504 -
Int J Biol Macromol
Downregulation of the biological macromolecule Spondin-2 disrupts maternal-fetal immune tolerance and trophoblast invasion, driving unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss. [Abstract]2025 Dec 12;338(Pt 1):149672. PMID: 41391791 -
Acta Pharmacol Sin
In situ reprogramming of cardiac fibroblasts into cardiomyocytes in mouse heart with chemicals. [Abstract]2024 Nov;45(11):2290-2299. PMID: 38890526
Valproic acid sodium purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Acta Pharmacol Sin. 2024 Nov;45(11):2290-2299. [Abstract]
Schemes of generating Fsp1-Cre:R26R-loxp-tdTomato mice and drug treatment to induce in situ transdifferentiation. Fsp1-Cre mice were crossed with R26Rloxp-tdTomato mice in which the expression of tdTomato is prevented by a loxP-flanked STOP cassette. The F1 mice would have the red fluorescent protein tdTomato expressed specifically in the fibroblasts. CRFVPTM were given once a week for 6 weeks. Immunofluorescence staining of the cryosections of the hearts from Fsp1-Cre:R26R-loxp-tdTomato mice treated with vehicle (b) or CRFVPTM (c) for 6 weeks. C: CHIR99021, 14 mg/kg; R: RepSox, 8.6 mg/kg; F: Forskolin, 61.6 mg/kg; V: VPA, 250 mg/kg; T: TTNPB, 1 mg/kg and M: Rolipram, 2.5 mg/kg; P: Parnate, 2.7 mg/kg, CRFTM by oral gavage and VP by intraperitoneal injection once a week for 6 weeks in mice at about 8 weeks of age.
Valproic acid sodium purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Acta Pharmacol Sin. 2024 Nov;45(11):2290-2299. [Abstract]
Whole-heart imaging with light-sheet fluorescence microscopy after tissue clearing of the hearts from Fsp1-Cre:R26R-loxp-tdTomato mice treated with vehicle (a) or CRFVPTM (b). (C: CHIR99021, 14 mg/kg; R: RepSox, 8.6 mg/kg; F: Forskolin, 61.6 mg/kg; V: VPA, 250 mg/kg; T: TTNPB, 1 mg/kg and M: Rolipram, 2.5 mg/kg; P: Parnate, 2.7 mg/kg, CRFTM by oral gavage and VP by intraperitoneal injection once a week for 6 weeks in mice at about 8 weeks of age).
Valproic acid sodium purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Acta Pharmacol Sin. 2024 Nov;45(11):2290-2299. [Abstract]
a Schemes of obtaining PDGFRα-DreER:R26R-rox-tdTomato mice and drug treatment to induce in situ cardiac reprogramming in PDGFRα-DreER:R26R-roxtdTomato mice. PDGFRα-DreER mice were mated with R26R-rox-tdTomato mice in which the expression of tdTomato is prevented by a roxflanked STOP cassette. The expression of tdTomato in fibroblasts was turned on by tamoxifen treatment. CRFVPTM were given once a week for 6 weeks. b Body weigh change of the mice after chemical treatment. Immunofluorescence staining of the cryosections of the hearts from PDGFRα-DreER:R26R-rox-tdTomato mice treated with vehicle (c) or CRFVPTM (d) for 6 weeks. (C: CHIR99021, 14 mg/kg; R: RepSox, 8.6 mg/kg; F: Forskolin, 61.6 mg/kg; V: VPA, 250 mg/kg; T: TTNPB, 1 mg/kg and M: Rolipram, 2.5 mg/kg; P: Parnate, 2.7 mg/kg, CRFTM by oral gavage and VP by intraperitoneal injection once a week for 6 weeks in mice at about 8 weeks of age).
Valproic acid sodium purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Acta Pharmacol Sin. 2024 Nov;45(11):2290-2299. [Abstract]
Immunofluorescence staining of α-actinin in cryosections of hearts from Fsp1-Cre:R26R-loxp-tdTomato mice treated with 7 C cocktail (CRFVPTM) or cocktails by removing 1 compound from 7 C (7C-X) for 6 weeks in vivo with Fsp1-Cre:R26R-loxp-tdTomato mice. (C: CHIR99021, 14 mg/kg; R: RepSox, 8.6 mg/kg; F: Forskolin, 61.6 mg/kg; V: VPA, 250 mg/kg; T: TTNPB, 1 mg/kg and M: Rolipram, 2.5 mg/kg; P: Parnate, 2.7 mg/kg, CRFTM by oral gavage and VP by intraperitoneal injection once a week for 6 weeks in mice at about 8 weeks of age).
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Acta Pharmacol Sin
Short-chain fatty acids exert opposite effects on the expression and function of p-glycoprotein and breast cancer resistance protein in rat intestine. [Abstract]2021 Mar;42(3):470-481. PMID: 32555444
Valproic acid sodium purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Acta Pharmacol Sin. 2021 Mar;42(3):470-481. [Abstract]
Effects of Butyrate (But, 1 mM), Vpa (5 mM) and SAHA (Vor, 1 μM) on the expression of P-gp and BCRP, NF-кB p65 and phosphorylated p65 (p-p65), and IкBα and phosphorylated IкBα (p-IкBα).
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Phytomedicine
Valproic acid promotes transcriptional activation of Drd2 by mediating histone acetylation to inhibit the mTOR-Pttg1 signaling axis and exerts anti-PitNETs activity. [Abstract]2025 Jun:141:156707. PMID: 40220407 -
Phytomedicine
Aloin A prevents ulcerative colitis in mice by enhancing the intestinal barrier function via suppressing the Notch signaling pathway. [Abstract]2022 Nov:106:154403. PMID: 36075180 -
EMBO J
Inhibition of Syk promotes chemical reprogramming of fibroblasts via metabolic rewiring and H2 S production. [Abstract]2021 Jun 1;40(11):e106771. PMID: 33909912 -
Free Radic Biol Med
BHLHE40 drives ferroptosis in Escherichia coli-induced endometrial injury by recruiting HDAC1 to repress CPT1B and impair NRF2 signaling. [Abstract]2026 May 12:252:509-524. PMID: 42128070 -
Sci Total Environ
Azithromycin induces neurotoxicity in zebrafish by interfering with the VEGF/Notch signaling pathway. [Abstract]2023 Dec 10:903:166505. PMID: 37625730 -
Sci Total Environ
Histone hypoacetylation contributes to neurotoxicity induced by chronic nickel exposure in vivo and in vitro. [Abstract]2021 Aug 20:783:147014. PMID: 34088129 -
Stem Cell Res Ther
Generation of equine induced pluripotent stem cells from cells of embryonic, perinatal and adult tissues. [Abstract]2025 Oct 8;16(1):547. PMID: 41063189 -
Oncogene
2021 Apr;40(15):2711-2724. PMID: 33712705 -
J Genet Genomics
2024 Mar;51(3):338-351. PMID: 37703921 -
Transl Psychiatry
Electroacupuncture ameliorates Autism Spectrum Disorder via modulating the gut-brain axis depending on the integrity of vagus nerve. [Abstract]2025 Oct 24;15(1):428. PMID: 41136355 -
J Agric Food Chem
Butyrate Inhibits the HDAC8/NF-κB Pathway to Enhance Slc26a3 Expression and Improve the Intestinal Epithelial Barrier to Relieve Colitis. [Abstract]2024 Nov 6;72(44):24400-24416. PMID: 39440960 -
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf
Low trifloxystrobin-tebuconazole concentrations induce cardiac and developmental toxicity in zebrafish by regulating notch mediated-oxidative stress generation. [Abstract]2022 Aug:241:113752. PMID: 35709675 -
J Ethnopharmacol
Salvinorin A ameliorates pilocarpine-induced seizures by regulating hippocampal microglia polarization. [Abstract]2024 Aug 16:118697. PMID: 39154669 -
J Ethnopharmacol
Shaoyao decoction restores the mucus layer in mice with DSS-induced colitis by regulating Notch signaling pathway. [Abstract]2023 May 23:308:116258. PMID: 36806347 -
Life Sci
Ferulic acid, ligustrazine, and tetrahydropalmatine display the anti-proliferative effect in endometriosis through regulating Notch pathway. [Abstract]2023 Sep 1:328:121921. PMID: 37429417 -
Inflammation
Vitexin Alleviates Kainic Acid-Induced Seizure Through Inhibiting P2X7R/NLRP3 Signaling Pathway. [Abstract]2025 Jun 30. PMID: 40586851 -
Eur J Pharmacol
VOPP1, a determinant of the sensitivity of non-small cell lung cancer cells to NAE inhibitors. [Abstract]2025 Sep 15:1003:177942. PMID: 40651787 -
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci
SLC6A6-Mediated Taurine Uptake Sustains Corneal Epithelial Stem/Progenitor Cell Function to Counteract Age-Related Dysfunction. [Abstract]2025 Jun 2;66(6):25. PMID: 40478558 -
J Integr Med
Morin, a matrix metalloproteinase 9 inhibitor, attenuates endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition in atherosclerosis by downregulating Notch-1 signaling. [Abstract]2024 Nov;22(6):683-695. PMID: 39572351 -
J Biol Chem
Acetylation stabilizes the signaling protein WISP2 by preventing its degradation to suppress the progression of acute myeloid leukemia. [Abstract]2023 Mar;299(3):102971. PMID: 36736423 -
Sci Rep
A membrane transporter determines the spectrum of activity of a potent platinum-acridine hybrid anticancer agent. [Abstract]2020 Sep 16;10(1):15201. PMID: 32939009 -
J Pharmacol Exp Ther
Enhancing local glioblastoma treatment via in vitro synergistic pairing of Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 inhibitor with antiepileptic drugs. [Abstract]2025 Oct 31;393(1):103767. PMID: 41406909 -
J Virol
SRCAP is involved in porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus activated Notch signaling pathway. [Abstract]2024 Nov 12:e0121624. PMID: 39530666 -
Cell Signal
The role of FAK signaling in early placental development and trophoblast lineage specification in human pregnancy. [Abstract]2025 Jun 17:111946. PMID: 40553964 -
Biotechnol Bioeng
An integrated biomimetic array chip for establishment of collagen-based 3D primary human hepatocyte model for prediction of clinical drug-induced liver injury. [Abstract]2021 Dec;118(12):4687-4698. PMID: 34478150 -
Viruses
Autophagy Deregulation in HIV-1-Infected Cells Increases Extracellular Vesicle Release and Contributes to TLR3 Activation. [Abstract]2024 Apr 20;16(4):643. PMID: 38675983 -
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Toxicol Appl Pharmacol
The graphene oxide/alginate gel loaded with platelet-rich plasma-derived exosomes regulate notch 1 signaling pathway to promote diabetic foot wound healing. [Abstract]2025 Nov:504:117536. PMID: 40902832 -
BMC Cancer
LAP3 contributes to IFN-γ-induced arginine depletion and malignant transformation of bovine mammary epithelial cells. [Abstract]2022 Aug 8;22(1):864. PMID: 35941558 -
Kaohsiung J Med Sci
Valproic Acid Inhibits Ferroptosis and Improves Bone Integration in OVX Rats Through the AMPK/SIRT1 Pathway. [Abstract]2026 Feb 4:e70175. PMID: 41636120 -
Biochim Biophys Acta Gene Regul Mech
Sp4 controls constitutive expression of neuronal serine racemase and NF-E2-related factor-2 mediates its induction by valproic acid. [Abstract]2020 Sep;1863(9):194597. PMID: 32603878 -
Genomics
Hypoxic environment promotes angiogenesis and bone bridge formation by activating Notch/RBPJ signaling pathway in HUVECs. [Abstract]2024 May;116(3):110838. PMID: 38537807 -
Toxicol Lett
PXR-mediated expression of FABP4 promotes valproate-induced lipid accumulation in HepG2 cells. [Abstract]2021 Aug 1:346:47-56. PMID: 33901630 -
Int J Biochem Cell Biol
PROTAC-mediated degradation of Class I HDACs by JPS016 alleviates septic cardiomyopathy via mitophagy-driven exopher formation and mitochondrial quality control. [Abstract]2026 Mar:192:106910. PMID: 41687730 -
Genes (Basel)
CHIR99021 and Brdu Are Critical in Chicken iPSC Reprogramming via Small-Molecule Screening. [Abstract]2024 Sep 13;15(9):1206. PMID: 39336797 -
Tissue Cell
Overcoming osimertinib resistance in NSCLC: The role of Notch1 pathway inhibition by berberine. [Abstract]2026 Jun:100:103365. PMID: 41687187 -
FEBS Open Bio
Regulation of cardiac fibroblasts reprogramming into cardiomyocyte-like cells with a cocktail of small molecule compounds. [Abstract]2024 Jun;14(6):983-1000. PMID: 38693086 -
Biochem Biophys Res Commun
Downregulation of DDIT4 ameliorates abnormal behaviors in autism by inhibiting ferroptosis via the PI3K/Akt pathway. [Abstract]2023 Jan 22:641:168-176. PMID: 36528956 -
Epilepsy Res
Vitamin D3 prevents epileptic seizures by modulating the ras signalling pathway via Gnb1 and Casr in acute epilepsy mouse models. [Abstract]2026 May 14:225:107820. PMID: 42150281 -
J Interferon Cytokine Res
2021 Dec;41(12):439-449. PMID: 34935488 -
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STAR Protoc
Protocol to derive human trophoblast stem cells directly from primed pluripotent stem cells. [Abstract]2022 Aug 18;3(3):101638. PMID: 36042882 -
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World J Methodol
Anticonvulsant potential of rosuvastatin in combination with carbamazepine and valproate in animal models of epilepsy. [Abstract]2025 Jun 20;15(2):99580. PMID: 40548212 -
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bioRxiv
2023 Apr 21:2023.04.19.537556. PMID: 37131802 -
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Clin Dev Immunol
ChIP-seq Profiling Identifies Histone Deacetylase 2 Targeting Genes Involved in Immune and Inflammatory Regulation Induced by Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide in Microglial Cells. [Abstract]2020 Aug 4;2020:4384696. PMID: 32832570
Solvent & Solubility
H2O : 125 mg/mL (752.15 mM; Need ultrasonic)
DMSO : 10 mg/mL (60.17 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.
Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)
For the following dissolution methods, please prepare the working solution directly:
It is recommended to prepare fresh solutions and use them promptly within a short period of time.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.
Add each solvent one by one: PBS
Solubility: 100 mg/mL (601.72 mM); Clear solution; Need ultrasonic
Add each solvent one by one: Saline
Solubility: 50 mg/mL (300.86 mM); Clear solution; Need ultrasonic
Purity & Documentation
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Data Sheet (284 KB)
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SDS (557 KB)
- English - EN (557 KB)
- Français - FR (557 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (557 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (557 KB)
- Español - ES (557 KB)
- Swedish - SV (557 KB)
- Italian - IT (557 KB)
- Korean - KR (557 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (557 KB)
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Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
References
[1]. Han BR, et al. Valproic acid inhibits the growth of HeLa cervical cancer cells via caspase-dependent apoptosis. Oncol Rep. 2013 Dec;30(6):2999-3005. [Content Brief]
[2]. Valproic acid, et al. Histone deacetylase is a direct target of valproic acid, a potent anticonvulsant, mood stabilizer, and teratogen. J Biol Chem. 2001 Sep 28;276(39):36734-41. [Content Brief]
[3]. Zhang ZH, et al. Valproic acid inhibits tumor angiogenesis in mice transplanted with Kasumi 1 leukemia cells. Mol Med Rep. 2013 Nov 28. [Content Brief]
[4]. Cohen OS, et al. Acute prenatal exposure to a moderate dose of valproic acid increases social behavior and alters gene expression in rats. Int J Dev Neurosci. 2013 Dec;31(8):740-50. [Content Brief]
[5]. Avery LB, et al. Valproic Acid Is a Novel Activator of AMP-Activated Protein Kinase and Decreases Liver Mass, Hepatic Fat Accumulation, and Serum Glucose in Obese Mice. Mol Pharmacol. 2014 Jan;85(1):1-10. [Content Brief]
[6]. Platta CS, et al. Valproic acid induces Notch1 signaling in small cell lung cancer cells. J Surg Res. 2008 Jul;148(1):31-7. [Content Brief]
[7]. Routy JP, et al. Valproic acid in association with highly active antiretroviral therapy for reducing systemic HIV-1 reservoirs: results from a multicentre randomized clinical study. HIV Med. 2012 May;13(5):291-6. [Content Brief]
Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
| Optional Solvent | Concentration Solvent Mass | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | 25 mg |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DMSO / H2O | 1 mM | 6.0172 mL | 30.0860 mL | 60.1721 mL | 150.4302 mL |
| 5 mM | 1.2034 mL | 6.0172 mL | 12.0344 mL | 30.0860 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.6017 mL | 3.0086 mL | 6.0172 mL | 15.0430 mL | |
| 15 mM | 0.4011 mL | 2.0057 mL | 4.0115 mL | 10.0287 mL | |
| 20 mM | 0.3009 mL | 1.5043 mL | 3.0086 mL | 7.5215 mL | |
| 25 mM | 0.2407 mL | 1.2034 mL | 2.4069 mL | 6.0172 mL | |
| 30 mM | 0.2006 mL | 1.0029 mL | 2.0057 mL | 5.0143 mL | |
| 40 mM | 0.1504 mL | 0.7522 mL | 1.5043 mL | 3.7608 mL | |
| 50 mM | 0.1203 mL | 0.6017 mL | 1.2034 mL | 3.0086 mL | |
| 60 mM | 0.1003 mL | 0.5014 mL | 1.0029 mL | 2.5072 mL | |
| H2O | 80 mM | 0.0752 mL | 0.3761 mL | 0.7522 mL | 1.8804 mL |
| 100 mM | 0.0602 mL | 0.3009 mL | 0.6017 mL | 1.5043 mL |
* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.
Valproic acid sodium Related Classifications
HY-10585A Related Classifications
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