apoptotic bodies

By Targets:	Akt (1) Apoptosis (9) Arp2/3 Complex (1) Bacterial (1) Bcl-2 Family (2) Caspase (5) Cathepsin (1) Endogenous Metabolite (2) Environmental Pollutants (1) ERK (1) Fluorescent Dye (1) JNK (1) Mitochondrial Metabolism (1) p38 MAPK (2) Parasite (1) PARP (1) PI3K (1) Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) (3) TGF-beta/Smad (1)
By Research Areas:	Cancer (9) Infection (3) Inflammation/Immunology (3) Metabolic Disease (1)

Cat. No.	Product Name	Target	Research Areas	Chemical Structure

HY-Y1366

Hydroxyacetone	Mitochondrial Metabolism Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Arp2/3 Complex Apoptosis	Inflammation/Immunology
Hydroxyacetone is a toxic compound. Hydroxyacetone can be isolated from e-cigarette aerosols. Hydroxyacetone reduces the activity of cellular Mitochondrial reductase (with an IC₅₀ of 5.53 mg/mL for mitochondrial reductase in BEAS-2B cells) and increases ROS levels. Hydroxyacetone induces mitochondrial stress and oxidative damage. Hydroxyacetone induces destabilization of F-actin. At high concentrations, Hydroxyacetone promotes cell rounding and *Apoptotic* body formation. Hydroxyacetone exerts toxic effects on cells including airway epithelial cells and possesses respiratory toxicity potential .\n

HY-P10943

APO-15	Fluorescent Dye	Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
APO-15 is a phosphatidylserine-binding fluorescent probe and apoptosis imaging reagent. APO-15 exhibits high chemical stability under proteolytic and oxidative conditions, enables quantification and imaging of drug-induced apoptosis in preclinical mouse models, and is applicable to fixed tissue samples and multiple in vivo administration routes (Ex = 488 nm; Em = 525 nm). APO-15 can be used in studies related to acute lung injury and breast cancer .

HY-P1380A

Difopein TFA	Apoptosis Bcl-2 Family Caspase	Cancer
Difopein TFA is a 14-3-3 protein inhibitor. Difopein TFA acts as an apoptosis inducer, regulates apoptosis-related proteins, downregulates Bcl-2, upregulates Bax, activates caspase-9 and caspase-3, and induces nuclear fragmentation, membrane-enclosed apoptotic bodies and DNA ladder formation. Difopein TFA serves as a tumor growth inhibitor, which inhibits the proliferation of glioma cells and induces their apoptosis in in vivo nude mouse models. Difopein TFA is applicable to glioma-related research .

HY-W075770

Nickel(II) oxide Nickel monoxide	Environmental Pollutants Apoptosis Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Caspase TGF-beta/Smad p38 MAPK Akt PI3K	Infection Metabolic Disease Cancer
Nickel(II) oxide (nickel monoxide) is a chemical warfare agent that can enter the body through the respiratory tract and other routes, distributing to organs such as the lungs and testes. The nanoparticle form of nickel(II) oxide (NiO NPs) exhibits antibacterial, anti-leishmanial, anti-diabetic, and anti-cancer activities. NiO NPs can be activated by ultraviolet and visible light, generating reactive oxygen species (ROS). Nickel(II) oxide induces oxidative stress by generating reactive oxygen species, activating the TGF-β1-mediated MAPK and PI3K/AKT pathways, disrupting the MMPs/TIMPs balance, and upregulating the expression of inflammatory factors (IL-1β, IL-6) and apoptosis-related molecules (Bax, caspase-3, p53), while inhibiting the activity of the anti-apoptotic molecule Bcl-2. Nickel(II) oxide induces cytotoxicity, promotes fibrosis, triggers inflammatory responses, and causes apoptosis. Nickel(II) oxide can be applied in research on the safety assessment of nanomaterials, such as in the context of pulmonary fibrosis and reproductive system toxicity .

HY-N6674

Diazepinomicin ECO-4601; TLN-4601; BU 4664L	Apoptosis Bacterial Cathepsin Parasite Endogenous Metabolite	Infection Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
Diazepinomicin (ECO-4601) is an anticancer and antibacterial agent. Diazepinomicin can be produced by a Micromonospora strain. Diazepinomicin induces Apoptosis. Diazepinomicin inhibits the proteases Rhodesain and Cathepsin L at an IC₅₀ of 70-90 μM. Diazepinomicin possesses anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor activity. Diazepinomicin has demonstrated activity against hepatocellular carcinoma. Diazepinomicin shows antiparasitic activity against trypomastigote forms of Trypanosoma brucei with an IC₅₀ of 13.5 μM. Diazepinomicin exhibits moderate antibacterial activity against specific Gram-positive bacteria, with an MIC of approximately 32 μg/mL .

HY-168720

Apoptosis inducer 32	Apoptosis	Cancer
Apoptosis inducer 32 (Compound 7g) is an apoptosis inducer with a K_D of 42 μM, showing anti-tumor activity. Apoptosis inducer 32 caused significant cellular morphological changes in MDA-MB-231 cells, including membrane bubbling, nuclear fragmentation, and apoptotic body formation. The IC₅₀ of Apoptosis inducer 32 in MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, and HEK cells is 4.77, 6.56 and 337.8 μM respectively .

HY-123647

Satratoxin H	Endogenous Metabolite p38 MAPK JNK Caspase PARP ERK Apoptosis Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)	Infection Cancer
Satratoxin H is a toxic metabolite of Stachybotrys atra. Satratoxin H induces caspase-3 and PARP cleavage via p38 MAPK and JNK pathways, stimulates JNK, ERK, and p38 MAPK phosphorylation, and activates JNK and p38 MAPK in a glutathione-sensitive manner. Satratoxin H induces DNA double-stranded breaks, *apoptotic* body formation, intracellular reactive oxygen species generation, and endoplasmic reticulum stress via ATF6, PERK, and IRE1 pathways. Satratoxin H can be used for the research of central nervous system disorders and melanoma .

HY-N11764

β-Santalol	Apoptosis Caspase	Cancer
β-Santalol is a sesquiterpene alcohol with apoptosis (apoptosis)-inducing activity and cytotoxic activity. β-Santalol activates caspase-3, induces nuclear chromatin condensation, and promotes the formation of apoptotic bodies. β-Santalol targets cancer cells. β-Santalol can be used in research related to promyelocytic leukemia, lung adenocarcinoma, and oral squamous cell carcinoma .

HY-W550859

H-Phe(4-SO3H)-OH 4-Sulfo-L-phenylalanine	Apoptosis	Cancer
H-Phe(4-SO₃H)-OH (4-Sulfo-L-phenylalanine) is a L-phenylalanine (HY-N0215) derivative. H-Phe(4-SO₃H)-OH induces apoptosis, chromatin margination, and inhibits cell growth in human colon cancer cells. H-Phe(4-SO₃H)-OH can be used for the research of colon cancer .

HY-P1380

Difopein	Apoptosis Bcl-2 Family Caspase	Cancer
Difopein is a 14-3-3 protein inhibitor. Difopein acts as an apoptosis inducer, regulates apoptosis-related proteins, downregulates Bcl-2, upregulates Bax, activates caspase-9 and caspase-3, and induces nuclear fragmentation, membrane-enclosed apoptotic bodies and DNA ladder formation. Difopein serves as a tumor growth inhibitor, which inhibits the proliferation of glioma cells and induces their apoptosis in in vivo nude mouse models. Difopein is applicable to glioma-related research .

Cat. No.	Product Name

HY-L168

Extracellular Vesicles (EVs) Compound Library	643 compounds
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are small membrane binding structures that are released from cells into the surrounding environment and play a crucial role in mediating and regulating intercellular communication related to physiological and pathological processes. EVs are lipid membrane vesicles composed of proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids. EVs can be divided into several types based on their source, such as extracellular vesicles, microcapsules, and apoptotic vesicles. The size range of exosomes is 30-150nm, which are endocrine in multi vesicular endosomes (MVEs); microvesicles (50-1000nm) are secreted directly through extracellular interactions, thereby releasing plasma membrane vesicles. In contrast, apoptotic bodies are usually larger, ranging in size from 1 to 5 μ m. This is generated during programmed cell death. EV plays a crucial role in transmitting information between cells and influencing the behavior and function of receptor cells. MCE designs a unique collection of 643 small molecules related to extracellular vesicles (EVs). It is a good tool to be used for research on metabolize, cancer and other diseases.

Extracellular Vesicles (EVs) Compound Library

643 compounds

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are small membrane binding structures that are released from cells into the surrounding environment and play a crucial role in mediating and regulating intercellular communication related to physiological and pathological processes. EVs are lipid membrane vesicles composed of proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids. EVs can be divided into several types based on their source, such as extracellular vesicles, microcapsules, and apoptotic vesicles. The size range of exosomes is 30-150nm, which are endocrine in multi vesicular endosomes (MVEs); microvesicles (50-1000nm) are secreted directly through extracellular interactions, thereby releasing plasma membrane vesicles. In contrast, apoptotic bodies are usually larger, ranging in size from 1 to 5 μ m. This is generated during programmed cell death. EV plays a crucial role in transmitting information between cells and influencing the behavior and function of receptor cells.

MCE designs a unique collection of 643 small molecules related to extracellular vesicles (EVs). It is a good tool to be used for research on metabolize, cancer and other diseases.

Cat. No.	Product Name	Target	Research Area