1. GPCR/G Protein Neuronal Signaling
  2. Adrenergic Receptor
  3. Clonidine hydrochloride

Clonidine hydrochloride is an agonist of α2-adrenoceptor and potent antihypertensive agent.

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

Clonidine hydrochloride Chemical Structure

Clonidine hydrochloride Chemical Structure

CAS No. : 4205-91-8

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10 mM * 1 mL in DMSO
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Based on 2 publication(s) in Google Scholar

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  • Biological Activity

  • Protocol

  • Purity & Documentation

  • References

  • Customer Review

Description

Clonidine hydrochloride is an agonist of α2-adrenoceptor and potent antihypertensive agent.

In Vitro

Clonidine (0.01, 0.1 or 1 μM) significantly induces CGRP (α and β) mRNA expression in a dose-dependent manner in endothelial cells. Clonidine treatment (1 μM) for 24 h significantly increases the NO level in endothelial cells. NO pathway modulates CGRP production induced by clonidine[2].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

In Vivo

Clonidine (50 μg/kg, i.p.) induces a significant decrease in body temperature of rat lasting 3 hr, with the maximum at 1 hr after administration. An intracerebroventricular pretreatment of rats with neutral doses of phentolamine 15 min before clonidine considerably antagonizes the clonidine-induced hypothermia[1]. Clonidine (0.003-0.05 mg/kg, i.p.) potently suppresses dopamine efflux in the prefrontal cortex induced by PCP. Pretreatment with the alpha-2A receptor antagonist (BRL-44408) prevents clonidine from suppressing PCP-induced dopamine overflow in the prefrontal cortex[3]. In DMSO-pretreated SO rats, clonidine (0.6 μg i.c.) has no effect on blood pressure. However, after central adenosine A1R blockade (DPCPX) in SO rats, clonidine significantly (P < 0.05, one-way ANOVA) reduces blood pressure. In contrast, in DMSO-pretreated ABD rats, clonidine (0.6 μg i.c.) causes significant reduction in blood pressure; importantly, central A1R blockade (DPCPX pretreatment) does not influence (P > 0.05, one-way ANOVA) clonidine-evoked reduction in blood pressure in ABD rats. In DPCPX-pretreated SO rats and along with the appearance of the hypotensive response, clonidine causes a significant (P < 0.05) increase in the RVLM pERK1/2 level compared with basal or clonidine treatment in DMSO-pretreated SO rats. In vehicle (DMSO)-pretreated ABD rats, clonidine significantly (P < 0.05) enhances RVLM pERK1/2, and this response is not affected by DPCPX pretreatment[4].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Clinical Trial
Molecular Weight

266.55

Formula

C9H10Cl3N3

CAS No.
Appearance

Solid

Color

White to off-white

SMILES

ClC1=C(NC2=NCCN2)C(Cl)=CC=C1.Cl

Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

Storage

4°C, sealed storage, away from moisture

*In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture)

Solvent & Solubility
In Vitro: 

H2O : 33.33 mg/mL (125.04 mM; Need ultrasonic)

DMSO : 7.6 mg/mL (28.51 mM; Need ultrasonic and warming; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

Preparing
Stock Solutions
Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 3.7516 mL 18.7582 mL 37.5164 mL
5 mM 0.7503 mL 3.7516 mL 7.5033 mL
View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

  • Molarity Calculator

  • Dilution Calculator

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

Mass
=
Concentration
×
Volume
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Molecular Weight *

Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)

This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C1V1 = C2V2

Concentration (start)

C1

×
Volume (start)

V1

=
Concentration (final)

C2

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Volume (final)

V2

In Vivo:

For the following dissolution methods, please prepare the working solution directly. It is recommended to prepare fresh solutions and use them promptly within a short period of time.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

  • Protocol 1

    Add each solvent one by one:  PBS

    Solubility: 100 mg/mL (375.16 mM); Clear solution; Need ultrasonic

In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

Dosage

mg/kg

Animal weight
(per animal)

g

Dosing volume
(per animal)

μL

Number of animals

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Calculation results:
Working solution concentration: mg/mL
This product has good water solubility, please refer to the measured solubility data in water/PBS/Saline for details.
The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only.If necessary, please contact MedChemExpress (MCE).
Purity & Documentation

Purity: 99.96%

References
Animal Administration
[3]

On the day of the experiment, the flow rate is increased to 2 μL/min approximately 2 h before beginning the collection of baseline samples. Dialysates are collected every 20 min; after 4 baseline samples are collected, animals are pretreated with an intra-peritoneal (i.p.) injection of either 0.9% saline (the vehicle), clonidine (0.0033, 0.01 or 0.05 mg/kg) or guanfacine (0.05 or 0.5 mg/kg), before receiving an injection of PCP (2.5 mg/kg, i.p.) 20 min later. In a separate study, BRL (1.0 mg/kg) is administered 20 min prior to clonidine. In addition, for some control experiments, the animals only receive one injection of saline, clonidine (0.01 or 0.05 mg/kg), guanfacine (0.5 mg/kg) or BRL (1.0 mg/kg).

MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

References

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

Optional Solvent Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg
DMSO / H2O 1 mM 3.7516 mL 18.7582 mL 37.5164 mL 93.7910 mL
5 mM 0.7503 mL 3.7516 mL 7.5033 mL 18.7582 mL
10 mM 0.3752 mL 1.8758 mL 3.7516 mL 9.3791 mL
15 mM 0.2501 mL 1.2505 mL 2.5011 mL 6.2527 mL
20 mM 0.1876 mL 0.9379 mL 1.8758 mL 4.6896 mL
25 mM 0.1501 mL 0.7503 mL 1.5007 mL 3.7516 mL
H2O 30 mM 0.1251 mL 0.6253 mL 1.2505 mL 3.1264 mL
40 mM 0.0938 mL 0.4690 mL 0.9379 mL 2.3448 mL
50 mM 0.0750 mL 0.3752 mL 0.7503 mL 1.8758 mL
60 mM 0.0625 mL 0.3126 mL 0.6253 mL 1.5632 mL
80 mM 0.0469 mL 0.2345 mL 0.4690 mL 1.1724 mL
100 mM 0.0375 mL 0.1876 mL 0.3752 mL 0.9379 mL

* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

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Clonidine hydrochloride Related Classifications

Help & FAQs
  • Do most proteins show cross-species activity?

    Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

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Clonidine hydrochloride
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