2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Neuronal Signaling
  4. Amyloid-β

Amyloid-β

β-amyloid peptide; Aβ; Abeta

Amyloid-β

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Amyloid-β (Aβ) denotes peptides of 36–43 amino acids that are crucially involved in Alzheimer's disease as the main component of theamyloid plaques found in the brains of Alzheimer patients. The peptides result from the amyloid precursor protein (APP), which is being cut by certain enzymes to yield Aβ. Amyloid-β molecules can aggregate to form flexible soluble oligomers which may exist in several forms. Amyloid-β peptide is due to overproduction of Aβ and/or the failure of clearance mechanisms. Amyloid-β self-aggregates into oligomers, which can be of various sizes, and forms diffuse and neuritic plaques in the parenchyma and blood vessels. Amyloid-β oligomers and plaques are potent synaptotoxins, block proteasome function, inhibit mitochondrial activity, alter intracellular Ca2+levels and stimulate inflammatory processes. Loss of the normal physiological functions of Aβ is also thought to contribute to neuronal dysfunction.

Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-147938
    AChE-IN-19
    		Inhibitor
    AChE-IN-19 (compound A15) is a highly potent AChE inhibitor with an IC50 value of 0.56 μM, also inhibits Aβ aggregation. AChE-IN-19 has potent neuroprotective activities and nearly no toxicity on SH-SY5Y cells. AChE-IN-19 can be used for researching Alzheimer's disease.
    AChE-IN-19
  • HY-N12360R
    2,3-Dehydrosilybin A (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    2,3-Dehydrosilybin A (Standard) is the analytical standard of 2,3-Dehydrosilybin A. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. 2,3-Dehydrosilybin A is a pro-longevity and anti-aggregation compound.
    2,3-Dehydrosilybin A (Standard)
  • HY-P10935
    Amilo-5MER
    		Inhibitor
    Amilo-5MER (5-MP) is an orally active and selective Serum Amyloid A (SAA) inhibitor. Amilo-5MER specifically inhibits the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and IL-1β from SAA-activated cells. Amilo-5MER reduces chronic inflammation and relieves symptoms of diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA), inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and multiple sclerosis (MS). Amilo-5MER is promising for research of autoimmune diseases and chronic inflammatory diseases.
    Amilo-5MER
  • HY-179621
    EQ-04
    		Inhibitor
    EQ-04 is a highly selective positive allosteric modulator (PAM) of α7 nAChR. EQ-04 has no direct inhibitory activity on AChE and BChE. EQ-04 inhibits Aβ aggregation. EQ-04 has safe cytotoxicity and potent neuroprotective activity. EQ-04 can be used for the study of Alzheimer's disease.
    EQ-04
  • HY-175755
    Ac-BIM-acid bromide
    		Inhibitor
    Ac-BIM-acid bromide is a derivative of Acridine. Ac-BIM-acid bromide significantly inhibits amyloid fibrillation. Ac-BIM-acid bromide modulates the structure of N-terminal region of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Stm1 protein (Stm1_N1-113) and the amyloid morphology of human Aβ42 protein, inhibiting theirs growth. Ac-BIM-acid bromide can be used for Alzheimer’s disease research.
    Ac-BIM-acid bromide
  • HY-139740
    Aβ Fibrillization modulator 1
    		Inhibitor
    Aβ Fibrillization modulator 1 stabilizes Aβ monomers.
    Aβ Fibrillization modulator 1
  • HY-N12249
    7-Deoxy-trans-dihydronarciclasine
    		Inhibitor
    7-Deoxy-trans-dihydronarciclasine, an alkaloid, is a tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) inhibitor (IC50: 1.80 μM). 7-Deoxy-trans-dihydronarciclasine is an anti-neuroinflammatory agent. 7-Deoxy-trans-dihydronarciclasine decreases the Aβ and APP levels in the cerebral cortex of Tg2576 mice.
    7-Deoxy-trans-dihydronarciclasine
  • HY-163320
    AChE/Aβ-IN-5
    		Inhibitor
    AChE/Aβ-IN-5 (compound AV-2) is a bifunctional inhibitor that targets AChE and auto-induced Aβ (Amyloid-β) aggregation. AChE/Aβ-IN-5 can significantly improve scopolamine- and Aβ-induced cognitive impairment in mice.
    AChE/Aβ-IN-5
  • HY-181926
    COX-2/HDAC6-IN-1
    		Inhibitor
    COX-2/HDAC6-IN-1 (Compound 11e) is a dual COX-2 and HDAC6 inhibitor, with an IC50 of 0.12 μM against HDAC6 and an IC50 of 0.66 μM against COX-2. COX-2/HDAC6-IN-1 enhances the acetylation level of α-tubulin, regulates epigenetic gene expression, and inhibits the expression of pro-inflammatory mediators (COX-2, IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α). COX-2/HDAC6-IN-1 promotes Amyloid-β clearance and reduces excessive phosphorylation of Tau protein. COX-2/HDAC6-IN-1 maintains neuronal morphology by stabilizing MAP2, protects synaptic integrity by regulating synapsin, and restores the expression of memory-related genes. COX-2/HDAC6-IN-1 possesses neuroprotective activity and improves learning and memory abilities in Scopolamine (HY-N0296)-induced Alzheimer's disease mouse models. COX-2/HDAC6-IN-1 is applicable to research related to Alzheimer's disease.
    COX-2/HDAC6-IN-1
  • HY-169614
    2002-G12
    		Inhibitor
    2002-G12 (compound 5a) is an Aβ42 inhibitor that can reduce Aβ42 toxicity by 76%. 2002-G12 can be used in Alzheimer's research.
    2002-G12
  • HY-118243
    KMS88009
    		Inhibitor
    KMS88009 is a potent small molecule that directly interferes with the formation of amyloid-β oligomers, thereby preserving cognitive behavior when used preventively and reversing cognitive behavior decline when used therapeutically. Oral administration of KMS88009 around the onset of Alzheimer's disease symptoms significantly reduced the assembly of amyloid-β oligomers and improved cognitive behavior in the APP/PS1 double transgenic mouse model. This unique dual mode of action suggests that KMS88009 may be a powerful therapeutic candidate for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. In an evaluation, the physicochemical properties, pharmacokinetics and toxicity of this anti-amyloidogenic small molecule KMS88009 were studied, as well as post-mortem analysis of APP/PS1 TG mice after behavioral testing.
    KMS88009
  • HY-Y0399R
    L-Norvaline (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    L-Norvaline (Standard) is the analytical standard of L-Norvaline (HY-Y0399). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. L-Norvaline is the inhibitor for arginase, that promotes the production of NO, reduces oxidative stress, improves insulin resistance, and exhibits antioxidant and anti-hyperglycemic effects. L-Norvaline can be used in research of Alzheimer’s disease.
    L-Norvaline (Standard)
  • HY-170658
    AChE-IN-80
    		Inhibitor
    AChE-IN-80 (Compound 1) is an acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor. AChE-IN-80 can inhibit inflammation and the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in vitro- cultured neurons and microglia, trigger autophagy responses, and block the propagation of β-amyloid (Aβ) fibrils. AChE-IN-80 possesses antioxidant activity and neuroprotective effects and can be used in the study of Alzheimer's disease.
    AChE-IN-80
  • HY-B1588S
    Carbenoxolone-d4
    		Inhibitor 99.28%
    Carbenoxolone-d4 is deuterium labeled Carbenoxolone. Carbenoxolone, a semi-synthetic derivative of glycyrrhetinic acid, has previously been used for the management of dyspepsia and peptic ulcer because of its anti-inflammatory properties. Carbenoxolone, a general hemichannel and gap junction inhibitor, has the therapeutic potential of carbenoxolone in the research of chronic liver disease. Carbenoxolone is a suitable candidate for the inhibition of Aβ42 aggregation and the therapeutic potential of Cbx against AD. Carbenoxolone is small molecule Pannexin1 (Panx1,is an ATP release channel) inhibitor, attenuate Panx1 channel activity through modulation of the first extracellular loop.Carbenoxolone is an 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11β-HSD1) inhibitor that converts inactive glucocorticoid into an active form. Carbenoxolone has antiviral activity against DENV infection targeting the virus itself.
    Carbenoxolone-d<sub>4</sub>
  • HY-122080
    Memoquin
    		Inhibitor
    Memoquin is an anti-amyloid and anti-oxidant multi-target-directed ligand. Memoquin is an orally active inhibitor of BACE-1 and AChE with IC50 values of 108 and 1.55 nM, respectively. Memoquin is a cognitive enhancer that prevents the Aβ-induced neurotoxicity mediated by oxidative stress. Memoquin can be used for the research of Alzheimer’s disease (AD).
    Memoquin
  • HY-165226
    β-Secretase-IN-5
    		Inhibitor
    β-Secretase-IN-5 is a Beta-secretase inhibitor. β-Secretase-IN-5 reduces the production of Aβ1-40 and Aβ1-42. β-Secretase-IN-5 is applicable to research related to Alzheimer's disease.
    β-Secretase-IN-5
  • HY-174305
    Aβ42-IN-7
    		Inhibitor
    Aβ42-IN-7 (Compound CT-01) is a brain-penetrant and selective amyloid-β42 (Aβ42) inhibitor. Aβ42-IN-7 inhibits Aβ42’s assembly into neurotoxic soluble oligomers and extracellular fibrillary aggregates. Aβ42-IN-7 exerts neuroprotective effects by reducing amyloid-mediated neuronal toxicity. Aβ42-IN-7 can be used in research on Alzheimer’s disease (AD).
    Aβ42-IN-7
  • HY-168273
    Glutaminyl cyclases-IN-2
    		Inhibitor
    Glutaminyl cyclases-IN-2 (compound 27) is a potent inhibitor of glutaminyl cyclase, with the IC50 of 0.08 μM. Glutaminyl cyclases-IN-2 plays an important role in cancer research.
    Glutaminyl cyclases-IN-2
  • HY-12723R
    Apomorphine (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Apomorphine ((-)-Apomorphine) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Apomorphine (HY-12723). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Apomorphine is a potent dopamine receptor agonist. Apomorphine also inhibit MAO-A and MAO-B. Apomorphine exerts neuroprotective effect and can relax rat corpus cavernosum. Apomorphine can inhibit ROS production, DNA fragmentation and inibit JNK and ERK1/2 phosphorylation. Apomorphine can enhance degradation of intracellular Aβ40 and Aβ42, reduces tau protein levels and inhibit MMP-9 expression. Apomorphine is a highly potent radical scavenger and iron chelator. Apomorphine can be used for the researches of dementia, parkinson's disease, alzheimer disease, breast carcinoma, and erectile dysfunction.
    Apomorphine (Standard)
  • HY-103374A
    Phenserine tartrate
    		Inhibitor
    Phenserine tartrate ((-)-Eseroline phenylcarbamate) is a derivative of Physostigmine (HY-N6608) and is a potent, noncompetitive, long-acting and selective AChE inhibitor. Phenserine tartrate reduces β-amyloid precursor protein (APP) and β-amyloid peptide (Aβ) formation. Phenserine tartrate improves cognitive performance and attenuates the progression of Alzheimer's disease.
    Phenserine tartrate
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity