2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Metabolic Enzyme/Protease
  4. Endogenous Metabolite

Endogenous Metabolite

Endogenous Metabolite

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Endogenous metabolites refer to the collective set of small-molecule chemical substances present within organelles, cells, organs, biological fluids, or entire organisms; their molecular weights are typically less than 1500 Da. These endogenous metabolites—including lipids, amino acids, short peptides, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, alcohols, and organic acids—not only participate in signal transduction governing genomic function but also receive upstream signals from the environment, thereby bridging the interrelationships among genotype, environment, and phenotype. Based on their biological functions, microbial endogenous metabolites can be broadly classified into two categories: primary metabolites and secondary metabolites. Primary metabolites are the core molecules essential for supporting microbial growth and proliferation; they serve to provide energy to the microbes or act as precursors and cofactors for the synthesis of biological macromolecules. In contrast, microbial secondary metabolites are a class of low-molecular-weight products that are not strictly essential for microbial growth. Nevertheless, microbial secondary metabolites include numerous substances—such as antibiotics, anti-tumor agents, and cholesterol-lowering agents—that are of critical importance to human health[1][2][3]. Furthermore, the metabolome of a biological organism is influenced by a variety of endogenous factors, including age, sex, body composition, genetic background, and underlying pathological states. The small-molecule metabolites within an organism are diverse and highly distinct; their levels are typically subject to the synergistic regulation of a vast array of enzymes and transport proteins, undergoing processes of synthesis, transformation, degradation, and compartmentalized distribution. Metabolomics research based on endogenous metabolites has been widely applied in the fields of metabolic disorders, neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and infectious diseases, where these metabolites hold potential utility as biomarkers or therapeutic targets[1][2][3].

Endogenous Metabolite Isoform Specific Products:

Endogenous Metabolite Isoform Comparison
Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-113336S
    15(S)-HETE-d8
    		98.1%
    15(S)-HETE-d8 is the deuterium labeled 15(S)-HETE.
    15(S)-HETE-d<sub>8</sub>
  • HY-N0210S11
    D-Galactose-d2-1
    		99.9%
    D-Galactose-d2-1 is the deuterium labeled D-Galactose. D-Galactose is a natural aldohexose and C-4 epimer of glucose.
    D-Galactose-d<sub>2</sub>-1
  • HY-N0680S
    Thiamine monochloride-13C4 hydrochloride
    		98.39%
    Thiamine monochloride-13C4 (hydrochloride) is the deuterium labeled Thiamine hydrochloride. Thiamine hydrochloride (Thiamine chloride hydrochloride) is an essential micronutrient needed as a cofactor for many central metabolic enzymes.
    Thiamine monochloride-<sup>13</sup>C<sub>4</sub> hydrochloride
  • HY-101401R
    3-(Methylthio)propionic acid (Standard)
    3-(Methylthio)propionic acid (Standard) is the analytical standard of 3-(Methylthio)propionic acid. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. 3-(Methylthio)propionic acid is an intermediate in the methionine metabolism.
    3-(Methylthio)propionic acid (Standard)
  • HY-101407R
    Nicotinamide N-oxide (Standard)
    Nicotinamide N-oxide (Standard) is the analytical standard of Nicotinamide N-oxide. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Nicotinamide N-oxide, an in vivo nicotinamide metabolite, is a potent, and selective antagonist of the CXCR2 receptor.
    Nicotinamide N-oxide (Standard)
  • HY-121133
    (-)-Cyclopenol
    		99.42%
    (-)-Cyclopenol is a fungal metabolite isolated from an Australian marine-derived isolate of Aspergillus versicolor (MST-MF495) .
    (-)-Cyclopenol
  • HY-113245
    3-Indolyl-β-D-glucuronide
    3-Indolyl-β-D-glucuronide, a chromogenic substrate for β-D-glucuronidase, employs in the detection and enumeration of E. coli, yielding a blue precipitate upon cleavage. 3-Indolyl-β-D-glucuronide in? patients' plasma act as a new indicator of renal failure.
    3-Indolyl-β-D-glucuronide
  • HY-W010589S
    L-2-Aminobutyric acid-d3
    		99.9%
    L-2-Aminobutyric acid-d3 is the deuterium labeled L-2-Aminobutyric acid. L-2-Aminobutyric acid is a non-proteinogenic amino acid that exists in human tissues and body fluids. L-2-Aminobutyric acid is formed by the transamination of oxobutyric acid. L-2-Aminobutyric acid can serve as a precursor for anticonvulsant and anti-tuberculosis agents and is a key intermediate in the chemical and pharmaceutical industries.
    L-2-Aminobutyric acid-d<sub>3</sub>
  • HY-146036
    NADH-IN-1
    		Inhibitor 99.38%
    NADH-IN-1 has NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase inhibitory activity with an IC50 value of 27 μM. NADH-IN-1 can effectively stimulate glucose uptake in vitro. NADH-IN-1 is readily metabolised by the liver. NADH-IN-1 can be used for researching diabetes.
    NADH-IN-1
  • HY-N0593S2
    Deoxycholic acid-d6
    		99.70%
    Deoxycholic acid-d6 is the deuterium labeled Deoxycholic acid. Deoxycholic acid is specifically responsible for activating the G protein-coupled bile acid receptor TGR5 that stimulates brown adipose tissue (BAT) thermogenic activity.
    Deoxycholic acid-d<sub>6</sub>
  • HY-W018772S14
    D-Ribose-d5
    		99.10%
    D-Ribose-d5 is the deuterium labeled D-Ribose. D-Ribose is an energy enhancer, and acts as a sugar moiety of ATP, and widely used as a metabolic therapy supplement for chronic fatigue syndrome or cardiac energy metabolism. D-Ribose is active in protein gl
    D-Ribose-d<sub>5</sub>
  • HY-Y1031R
    3-Ethoxy-3-oxopropanoic acid (Standard)
    3-Ethoxy-3-oxopropanoic acid (Standard) is the analytical standard of 3-Ethoxy-3-oxopropanoic acid. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. 3-Ethoxy-3-oxopropanoic acid is an endogenous metabolite. 3-Ethoxy-3-oxopropanoic acid promotes plant growth[1].
    3-Ethoxy-3-oxopropanoic acid (Standard)
  • HY-E70040
    Endoglycoceramidase I (EGCase I)
    Endoglycoceramidase I (EGCase I) is a glycosidase, is often used in biochemical studies. Endoglycoceramidase I catalyzes a transglycosylation reaction, which transfers the sugar moiety of GSLs to the primary hydroxyl group of several 1-alkanols.
    Endoglycoceramidase I (EGCase I)
  • HY-W738465
    N,N-Dimethylamidino Urea
    		98.78%
    N,N-Dimethylamidino Urea (N-Carbonylguanidine) is an intermediate in the electrochemical oxidation of Metformin (HY-B0627). Metformin can be used in the study of type 2 diabetes. N,N-Dimethylamidino Urea can be used as a marker to study the metabolic pathway of metformin in vivo.
    N,N-Dimethylamidino Urea
  • HY-145806
    13-cis-Retinyl acetate
    13-cis-Retinyl acetate (13-cis-Retinol acetate; 13-cis-Vitamin A acetate) is a 13-cis isomer formed by Retinyl acetate. 13-cis-Retinyl acetate is an active metabolite of vitamin A.
    13-cis-Retinyl acetate
  • HY-113066
    Guanosine 5'-diphosphate
    Guanosine 5'-diphosphate (GDP) is a nucleoside diphosphate that activates adenosine 5'-triphosphate-sensitive K+ channel. Guanosine 5'-diphosphate is an iron mobilizer, which forms a complex with hepcidin to inhibit the hepcidin-ferroportin (FPN) interaction and modulates the IL-6/stat-3 pathway. Guanosine 5'-diphosphate ameliorates the Turpentine-induced anemia of inflammation (AI) in mice when combined with FeSO4. Guanosine 5'-diphosphate can be used in the research of AI.
    Guanosine 5'-diphosphate
  • HY-N1423S1
    Glycocholic acid-d5
    		99.9%
    Glycocholic acid-d5 is the deuterium labeled Glycocholic acid (HY-N1423). Glycocholic acid is a bile acid derivative. Glycocholic acid downregulates MDR1, Bcl-2, MRP1, MRP2 and FXR, upregulates Bax, p53, caspase-9, caspase-3, TGR5 and S1PR2. Glycocholic acid inhibits multidrug resistance and efflux pumps, induces mitochondrial apoptosis, and enhances chemosensitivity. Glycocholic acid modulates related bile acid receptor signaling. Glycocholic acid suppresses growth and conjugation of Enterobacteriaceae and increases their antibiotic susceptibility. Glycocholic acid can be used for the research of colon adenocarcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma (CCA).
    Glycocholic acid-d<sub>5</sub>
  • HY-125818S6
    Cytidine-5'-triphosphate-15N3 dilithium
    Cytidine-5'-triphosphate-15N3 (Cytidine triphosphate-15N3 dilithium; 5'-CTP-15N3) dilithium is 15N labeled Cytidine-5'-triphosphate (HY-125818). Cytidine 5′-triphosphate (Cytidine triphosphate; 5'-CTP) is a nucleoside triphosphate and serves as a building block for nucleotides and nucleic acids, lipid biosynthesis. Cytidine triphosphate synthase can catalyze the formation of cytidine 5′-triphosphate from uridine 5′-triphosphate (UTP). Cytidine 5′-triphosphate is an essential biomolecule in the de novo pyrimidine biosynthetic pathway in T. gondii.
    Cytidine-5'-triphosphate-<sup>15</sup>N<sub>3</sub> dilithium
  • HY-P2919
    Rennet
    Rennet is is a mixture of the proteolytic enzymes pepsin and chymosin (rennin), which is found in the fourth stomach of young ruminants. Rennet is promising for research of allergies (e.g., asthma, rhinitis).
    Rennet
  • HY-112653A
    (±)8-HETE
    		≥99.0%
    (±)8-HETE is one of the six monohydroxy fatty acids produced by the non-enzymatic oxidation of Arachidonic acid (HY-109590). The biological activity of (±)8-HETE is likely to resemble that of its constituent enantiomers (8(R)-HETE and 8(S)-HETE).
    (±)8-HETE
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity
Endogenous Metabolite Isoform Comparison

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