2. Signaling Pathways
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  4. Reference Standards

Reference Standards

Material, sufficiently homogeneous and stable with respect to one or more specified properties, and the uses include the calibration of a measurement system, assessment of a measurement procedure, assigning values to other materials, and quality control and so on.

Reference Standards Related Products (10970):

Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-113298R
    Citraconic acid (Standard)
    Citraconic acid (Methylmaleic acid) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Citraconic acid (HY-113298). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Citraconic acid is an orally active inhibitor targeting the NLRP3 inflammasome and Keap1-Nrf2 pathway. Citraconic acid reduces reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation by inhibiting succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) activity. Citraconic acid also modifies the conformation of Keap1 protein, relieves its inhibition of Nrf2, promotes antioxidant gene expression, and inhibits NLRP3 activation and the release of pro-inflammatory factors such as IL-1β and IL-18. Citraconic acid has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities, can reduce oxidative stress and cell pyroptosis, improve tissue damage, and can be used for the research of inflammation-related diseases such as acute renal ischemia-reperfusion injury. Citraconic acid is an isomer of Itaconic acid (HY-Y052).
    Citraconic acid (Standard)
  • HY-B0200AR
    Cephalexin hydrochloride (Standard)
    Cephalexin (hydrochloride) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Cephalexin (hydrochloride). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Cephalexin (Cefalexin) hydrochloride is a potent, orally active new semisynthetic cephalosporin antibiotic with a broad antibacterial spectrum. Cephalexin (Cefalexin) hydrochloride has antibacterial activity against a wide variety of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. Cephalexin (Cefalexin) hydrochloride targets penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) to inhibit bacterial cell wall assembly. Cephalexin (Cefalexin) hydrochloride is used for the research of pneumonia, strep throat, and bacterial endocarditis, et al[1][2].
    Cephalexin hydrochloride (Standard)
  • HY-105932R
    Lexithromycin (Standard)
    Lexithromycin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Lexithromycin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Lexithromycin is an erythromycin A derivative, with antibacterial activity.
    Lexithromycin (Standard)
  • HY-18981R
    Decursin (Standard)
    Decursin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Decursin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Decursin ((+)-Decursin) is a potent anti-tumor agent. Decursin also is a cytotoxic agent and a potent protein kinase C activator. Decursin induces apoptosis and cell cycle arrest at G1 phase. Decursin decreases the expression of CDK2, CDK4, CDK6, cyclin D1 protein at 48 h. Decursin inhibits cell proliferation and migration. Decursin shows anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities[4].
    Decursin (Standard)
  • HY-B0955R
    Oxethazaine (Standard)
    Oxethazaine (Standard) is the analytical standard of Oxethazaine. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Oxethazaine (Oxetacaine), a precursor of phentermine acidic, is an acid-resistent and orally active analgesic agent. Oxethazaine (Oxetacaine) has the potential for the relief of pain associated with peptic ulcer disease or esophagitis.
    Oxethazaine (Standard)
  • HY-N6071R
    Secoisolariciresinol (Standard)
    Artemether (Standard) ((-)-Secoisolariciresinol (Standard)) is the analytical standard of Artemether (HY-N6071). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Secoisolariciresinol ((-)-Secoisolariciresinol) is a plant lignan and a precursor of enterolignans. Secoisolariciresinol can be converted into enterodiol and enterolactone by intestinal microflora. Secoisolariciresinol may reduce the risk of cancer and cardiovascular diseases.
    Secoisolariciresinol (Standard)
  • HY-N0712R
    Typhaneoside (Standard)
    Typhaneoside (Standard) is the analytical standard of Typhaneoside. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Typhaneoside, extracted from Typha angustifolia L., Typhaneoside can inhibit the excessive autophagy of hypoxia/reoxygenation cells and increase the phosphorylation of Akt and mTOR. Typhaneoside has certain effects on the cardiovascular system, including lowering blood lipid levels, promoting antiatherosclerosis activities, as well as improving immune and coagulation function.
    Typhaneoside (Standard)
  • HY-A0256R
    Clavulanic acid (Standard)
    Clavulanic acid (Standard) is the analytical standard of Clavulanic acid. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Clavulanic acid is a naturally occurring powerful bacterial β-lactamases inhibitor for research of infections caused by bacteria, including infections of the ears. Clavulanic acid is active against a wide spectrum of gram-positive and gram-negative bacterias[1].
    Clavulanic acid (Standard)
  • HY-N2211R
    Picfeltarraenin IB (Standard)
    Picfeltarraenin IB (Standard) is the analytical standard of Picfeltarraenin IB. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Picfeltarraenin IB, a triterpenoid obtained from Picriafel-terrae Lour (P.fel-terrae), is an acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor. Picfeltarraenin IB can be used for the treatment of herpes infections, cancer and inflammation.
    Picfeltarraenin IB (Standard)
  • HY-N0809R
    Sesamolin (Standard)
    Sesamolin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Sesamolin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Sesamolin, isolated from Sesamum indicum, has antioxidative activity, Sesaminol inhibits lipid peroxidation and shows neuroprotection effect. Sesamolin potently inhibits MAPK cascades by preventing phosphorylation of JNK, p38 MAPKs, and caspase-3 but not ERK-MAPK expression.
    Sesamolin (Standard)
  • HY-N0295R
    Protocatechualdehyde (Standard)
    Protocatechualdehyde (Standard) is the analytical standard of Protocatechualdehyde. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Protocatechualdehyde (Catechaldehyde), a natural polyphenol compound isolated from the roots of radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae, is associated with a wide variety of biological activities and has been widely used in medicine as an antioxidant, anti-aging, an antibacterial and anti-inflammatory agent.
    Protocatechualdehyde (Standard)
  • HY-131688R
    2-Chlorohexadecanoic acid (Standard)
    Neomycin (sulfate) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Neomycin (sulfate). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Neomycin sulfate, an aminoglycoside antibiotic, exerts antibacterial activity through irreversible binding of the nuclear 30S ribosomal subunit, thereby blocking bacterial protein synthesis. Neomycin sulfate is a known phospholipase C (PLC) inhibitor. Neomycin sulfate potently inhibits both nuclear translocation of angiogenin and angiogenin-induced cell proliferation and angiogenesis.
    2-Chlorohexadecanoic acid (Standard)
  • HY-114392R
    Gly-β-MCA (Standard)
    Gly-β-MCA (Standard) is the analytical standard of Gly-β-MCA. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Gly-β-MCA, a bile acid, is a potent, sable, intestine-selective and oral bioactive farnesoid X receptor (FXR) inhibitor that may be a candidate for the treatment of metabolic disorders[1].
    Gly-β-MCA (Standard)
  • HY-Z0031R
    (R)-(-)-1,2-Propanediol (Standard)
    (R)-(-)-1,2-Propanediol (Standard) is the analytical standard of (R)-(-)-1,2-Propanediol. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. (R)-(-)-1,2-Propanediol is the (R)-isomer of 1,2-Propanediol (HY-Y0921). 1,2-Propanediol is an important bulk chemical product.
    (R)-(-)-1,2-Propanediol (Standard)
  • HY-I0746R
    3-Aminobenzoic acid (Standard)
    3-Aminobenzoic acid (Standard) is the analytical standard of 3-Aminobenzoic acid. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. 3-Aminobenzoic acid (3-ABA) is an orally active anti-inflammatory agent targeting the tight junction (TJ) regulatory pathways in intestinal epithelial cells. 3-Aminobenzoic acid improves intestinal inflammation by enhancing intestinal barrier integrity and reducing epithelial permeability. It can be used in studies related to improving gut health. Additionally, 3-Aminobenzoic acid analogs can act as γ-aminobutyric acid transaminase (GABA-AT) inhibitors, exhibiting anticonvulsant effects.
    3-Aminobenzoic acid (Standard)
  • HY-B1532R
    Anabasine (Standard)
    Anabasine (Standard) is the analytical standard of Anabasine. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Anabasine ((S)-Anabasine) is an alkaloid that found as a minor component in tobacco (Nicotiana). Anabasine is a botanical pesticide nicotine, acts as a full agonist of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs). Anabasine induces depolarization of TE671 cells endogenously expressing human fetal muscle-type nAChRs (EC50=0.7 μM).
    Anabasine (Standard)
  • HY-N4119R
    Neoeriocitrin (Standard)
    Neoeriocitrin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Neoeriocitrin (HY-N4119). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Neoeriocitrin is a Naringin (HY-N0153) analogue found in Drynaria Rhizome. Neoeriocitrin induces cells proliferation, differentiation, up-regulates type I collagen, osteocalcin, and key osteogenic markers, and increases ALP activity. Neoeriocitrin increases expression of Runx2, COL I, OCN and Beclin1. Neoeriocitrin inhibits phosphorylation of P38 mitogen-activated protein kinase, reduces acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity, and increases choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) activity. Neoeriocitrin reduces apoptosis and induces autophagy. Neoeriocitrin can be used for the researches of osteoporosis and Alzheimer's disease.
    Neoeriocitrin (Standard)
  • HY-N0371R
    Pachymic acid (Standard)
    Pachymic acid (Standard) is the analytical standard of Pachymic acid. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Pachymic acid is a lanostrane-type triterpenoid from P. cocos. Pachymic acid inhibits Akt and ERK signaling pathways.
    Pachymic acid (Standard)
  • HY-30219R
    D-(+)-Phenyllactic acid (Standard)
    D-​(+)​-​Phenyllactic acid (Standard) is the analytical standard of D-​(+)​-​Phenyllactic acid. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. D-​(+)​-​Phenyllactic acid is an anti-bacterial agent, excreted by Geotrichum candidum, inhibits a range of Gram-positive from humans and foodstuffs and Gram-negative bacteria found in humans[1].
    D-(+)-Phenyllactic acid (Standard)
  • HY-137371R
    Lactonic sophorolipid (Standard)
    Lovastatin hydroxy acid (sodium) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Lovastatin hydroxy acid (sodium). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Lovastatin hydroxy acid sodium (Mevinolinic acid sodium) is a highly potent inhibitor of HMG-CoA reductase with a Ki of 0.6 nM.
    Lactonic sophorolipid (Standard)