1. Academic Validation
  2. JNK, p38, ERK, and SGK1 Inhibitors in Cancer

JNK, p38, ERK, and SGK1 Inhibitors in Cancer

  • Cancers (Basel). 2017 Dec 21;10(1):1. doi: 10.3390/cancers10010001.
Jonas Cicenas 1 2 3 Egle Zalyte 4 Arnas Rimkus 5 Dalius Dapkus 6 Remigijus Noreika 7 Sigitas Urbonavicius 8
Affiliations

Affiliations

  • 1 Department for Microbiology, Immunbiology und Genetics, Max F. Perutz Laboratories, University of Vienna, Vienna AT-1030, Austria. [email protected].
  • 2 Proteomics Centre, Institute of Biochemistry, Vilnius University, 01513 Vilnius, Lithuania. [email protected].
  • 3 MAP Kinase Resource, Bioinformatics, Melchiorstrasse 9, CH-3027 Bern, Switzerland. [email protected].
  • 4 Proteomics Centre, Institute of Biochemistry, Vilnius University, 01513 Vilnius, Lithuania. [email protected].
  • 5 Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, 01513 Vilnius, Lithuania. [email protected].
  • 6 Department of Biology and Chemistry, Lithuanian University of Educational Sciences, 08106 Vilnius, Lithuania. [email protected].
  • 7 Department of Biology and Chemistry, Lithuanian University of Educational Sciences, 08106 Vilnius, Lithuania. [email protected].
  • 8 Cardiovascular Research Centre, Viborg Hospital, Heibergs Alle 4, 8800 Viborg, Denmark. [email protected].
Abstract

Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAP kinases) are a family of kinases that regulates a range of biological processes implicated in the response to growth factors like latelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), epidermal growth factor (EGF), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and stress, such as ultraviolet irradiation, heat shock, and osmotic shock. The MAP kinase family consists of four major subfamilies of related proteins (extracellular regulated kinases 1/2 (ERK1/2), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), p38, and extracellular regulated kinase 5 (ERK5)) and regulates numerous cellular activities, such as Apoptosis, gene expression, mitosis, differentiation, and immune responses. The deregulation of these kinases is shown to be involved in human diseases, such as Cancer, immune diseases, inflammation, and neurodegenerative disorders. The awareness of the therapeutic potential of the inhibition of MAP kinases led to a thorough search for small-molecule inhibitors. Here, we discuss some of the most well-known MAP kinase inhibitors and their use in Cancer research.

Keywords

ERK; JNK; MAP kinases; SGK1; cancer; kinase inhibitors; p38.

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