1. MAPK/ERK Pathway Autophagy
  2. p38 MAPK Autophagy
  3. Neflamapimod

Neflamapimod  (Synonyms: VX-745)

Cat. No.: HY-10328 Purity: 99.32%
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Neflamapimod (VX-745) is a potent, blood-brain barrier penetrant, highly selective inhibitor of p38α inhibitor with an IC50 for p38α of 10 nM and for p38β of 220 nM. Neflamapimod (VX-745) possesses anti-inflammatory activity.

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

Neflamapimod Chemical Structure

Neflamapimod Chemical Structure

CAS No. : 209410-46-8

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Solid + Solvent
10 mM * 1 mL in DMSO
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10 mM * 1 mL in DMSO USD 60 In-stock
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10 mg USD 88 In-stock
50 mg USD 264 In-stock
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Based on 9 publication(s) in Google Scholar

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Description

Neflamapimod (VX-745) is a potent, blood-brain barrier penetrant, highly selective inhibitor of p38α inhibitor with an IC50 for p38α of 10 nM and for p38β of 220 nM. Neflamapimod (VX-745) possesses anti-inflammatory activity.

IC50 & Target[5]

p38α

10 nM (IC50)

p38β

220 nM (IC50)

In Vitro

Neflamapimod (VX-745) exhibits PBMC IL-1β and TNFα IC50 values of 45 and 51 nM, respectively. Neflamapimod is also effective in whole blood, blocking IL-1β and TNFα release with IC50 values of 150 and 180 nM, respectively[1].
Neflamapimod shows a promising selectivity profile, with 20-fold selectivity for p38α over p38β (Ki=220 nM)[1].
Neflamapimod (VX-745) solutions in DMSO/DMEM inhibits the IL-6 production with IC50 of 15±9 nM[2].
Neflamapimod (VX-745; 5.0 nM) displays potent activity and 1000-fold selectivity over closely related kinases, including ERK1, JNK1-3 and MK2. Neflamapimod (10 nM-50 μM) increasingly inhibits the anisomycin-induced activity of p38α[3].
Neflamapimod (VX-745; 0.06 μM-20 μM) inhibits IL-6 and VEGF secretion in BMSCs. Neflamapimod can inhibit cytokine (TNF-α, IL-6, VEGF)-induced paracrine MM cell growth, survival, and drug resistance in the BM microenvironment. Neflamapimod induces modest growth inhibition of MM.1S, RPMI8226, and U266 cell lines in a dose-dependent fashion, with inhibitory concentration of 50% (IC50) of 10 μM[4].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

In Vivo

Neflamapimod (VX-745; 2.5, 5, and 10 mg/kg) improves the inflammatory scores in mice by 27%, 31%, and 44%, respectively[1]. Neflamapimod (VX-745; 1.06 mg/kg) significantly decreases the inflammation score from 2.07±0.29 for the control group to 1.42±0.06[2].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Clinical Trial
Molecular Weight

436.26

Formula

C19H9Cl2F2N3OS

CAS No.
Appearance

Solid

Color

Light yellow to yellow

SMILES

O=C1N=CN(C(C=C2)=C1C3=C(Cl)C=CC=C3Cl)N=C2SC4=CC=C(F)C=C4F

Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

Storage
Powder -20°C 3 years
4°C 2 years
In solvent -80°C 6 months
-20°C 1 month
Solvent & Solubility
In Vitro: 

DMSO : 13.08 mg/mL (29.98 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

Preparing
Stock Solutions
Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 2.2922 mL 11.4611 mL 22.9221 mL
5 mM 0.4584 mL 2.2922 mL 4.5844 mL
View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

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This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C1V1 = C2V2

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Calculation results:
Working solution concentration: mg/mL
Purity & Documentation

Purity: 99.32%

References
Kinase Assay
[1]

Neflamapimod inhibits p38α and p38β. The IC50 for the inhibition of these two p38 homologs are obtained by a spectrophotometric coupled-enzyme assay. A fixed concentration of enzyme (15 nM of p38α or p38β) is incubated with various concentrations of Neflamapimod in DMSO for 10 min. at 30°C in 0.1 M HEPES buffer, pH 7.5, containing 10% glycerol, 10 mM MgCl2, 2.5 mM phosphoenolpyruvate, 200 μM NADH, 150 μg/mL pyruvate kinase, 50 μg/mL lactate dehydrogenase, and 200 μM EGF receptor peptide. The reaction is initiated with 100 μM and 70 μM ATP for p38α and p38β assays, respectively. The decrease of absorbance at 340 nm is monitored to follow the rate of the reaction. IC50 is evaluated from the rate data as a function of the inhibitor concentration.

MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Cell Assay
[2]

For these experiments, cells are plated at a density of 60,000 cells/well in 96-well plates. Each condition is tested in triplicate or more. The following day, all particle suspensions, active substances or control solutions are freshly prepared, distributed and incubated for 24 h at 37°C. Then, supernatants are carefully discarded. To perform the MTT test, 50 μL of 0.1% MTT solution is added to each well for 3 h. Each well is then incubated for 1 h with 200 μL of dimethyl sulfoxide. Absorbance is measured at 595 nm. Reported results are expressed as the means±SD.

MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Animal Administration
[1]

Type II collagen-induced arthritis is established in male DBA/1 mice with a minor modification. 10-Week old male DBA/1 mice are immunized by two intradermal injections within a 3 week interval using 100 μL of an emulsion consisting of a 1:1 (v/v) mixture of chick type II collagen (200 μg in 10 mM acetic acid) and complete Freund's adjuvant. Following the booster immunization, the mice are left untreated for 2-3 weeks, and are randomized into five treatment groups after they exhibit focal carpal (wrist) swelling (level 2 arthritic severity score) in both front paws. The five treatment groups are: 1: water control, 10 mL/kg, p.o., bid, (n=14); 2: 100% propylene glycol (PG) vehicle control, 10 mL/kg, p.o., bid, (n=8); 3: Neflamapimod in PG, at 10 mg/kg, p.o., bid, (n=7); 4: Neflamapimod in PG, at 5 mg/kg, p.o., bid, (n=10); and 5: Neflamapimod in PG, at 2.5 mg/kg, p.o., bid, (n=11). Arthritic symptoms are scored every other day using a level 1 to level 5 scoring system. Paw inflammation begins with erythema at the wrist (level 1), progressing to focal swelling of the wrist (level 2), to complete swelling of the wrist (level 3), to complete swelling of wrist and palm (level 4), and finally to complete swelling of wrist, palm and fingers (level 5). The sums of the scores from both front paw scores are used for plotting disease progression curves. Mice are sacrificed on day 20 and paws are removed, sectioned sagitally, stained with hemotoxylin & eosin, and scored for inflammation. Histologically, wrist joint inflammation begins with an infiltration of the synovium into the joint space (level 1), progressing to joint cartilage erosion (level 2), to joint cartilage and bone erosion (level 3), and finally to erosion of cartilage and bone accompanied by pannus formation (level 4).

MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

References

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

Optional Solvent Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg
DMSO 1 mM 2.2922 mL 11.4611 mL 22.9221 mL 57.3053 mL
5 mM 0.4584 mL 2.2922 mL 4.5844 mL 11.4611 mL
10 mM 0.2292 mL 1.1461 mL 2.2922 mL 5.7305 mL
15 mM 0.1528 mL 0.7641 mL 1.5281 mL 3.8204 mL
20 mM 0.1146 mL 0.5731 mL 1.1461 mL 2.8653 mL
25 mM 0.0917 mL 0.4584 mL 0.9169 mL 2.2922 mL
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Help & FAQs
  • Do most proteins show cross-species activity?

    Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

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