Monogalactosyldiacylglycerol  (Synonyms: MGDG)

Monogalactosyldiacylglycerol (MGDG) is a galactolipid with anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities, which is found in photosynthetic organisms. Monogalactosyldiacylglycerol is a potent DNA polymerase inhibitor with pro-apoptotic activity. Monogalactosyldiacylglycerol inhibits the synthesis of LPS (HY-D1056)-induced inflammation-related proteins (Ex-FABP, Avidin, Serum Amyloid A). Monogalactosyldiacylglycerol exerts an anti-proliferative effect on chicken articular chondrocytes. Monogalactosyldiacylglycerol can be used in research related to osteoarthritis, cancer and inflammatory diseases^[1][2].

Monogalactosyldiacylglycerol (10-100 μM; overnight) dose-dependently inhibits the expression of inflammation-related proteins Ex-FABP, Avidin and SAA in LPS-stimulated adult avian articular chondrocytes^[1].
Monogalactosyldiacylglycerol (50 μM; 0-7 days) impairs the proliferative capacity of articular chondrocytes in adult avians, but does not reduce cell viability over a 7-day culture period^[1].
Monogalactosyldiacylglycerol (50 μM; overnight) does not induce phenotypic changes in adult avian articular chondrocytes, nor does it impair their differentiation or redifferentiation capacity; this is supported by unchanged expression of the SOX9 and type II collagen markers^[1].
Monogalactosyldiacylglycerol exhibits anti-inflammatory activity in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages^[2].
Monogalactosyldiacylglycerol exhibits proapoptotic activity in immortalized mouse epithelial W2 cells^[2].
Monogalactosyldiacylglycerol exhibits DNA polymerase inhibitory activity and enhances the chemotherapy efficacy of human pancreatic cancer cell lines^[2].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Monogalactosyldiacylglycerol exhibits potent, dose-dependent anti-inflammatory activity in the croton oil-induced ear edema mouse model^[1].
Monogalactosyldiacylglycerol exerts potent, dose-dependent anti-inflammatory activity in the mouse carrageenan (HY-125474)-induced paw edema model^[1].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

775.06

C₄₅H₇₄O₁₀

1932659-76-1

Solid

White to yellow

CC/C=C\C/C=C\C/C=C\CCCCCCCC(OC[C@@H](O)CO[C@@H]1O[C@@H]([C@@H]([C@@H]([C@H]1O)O)O)COC(CCCCCCC/C=C\C/C=C\C/C=C\CC)=O)=O

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

• [1]. Lenti M, et al. Monogalactosyldiacylglycerol anti-inflammatory activity on adult articular cartilage. Nat Prod Res. 2009;23(8):754-62.
  

  [2]. Riccio G, et al. Monogalactosyldiacylglycerol and Sulfolipid Synthesis in Microalgae. Mar Drugs. 2020;18(5):237. Published 2020 May 1.  [Content Brief]