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CCL4 Protein, Human

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Based on 3 publication(s) in Google Scholar

CCL4 Protein, Human is a small cytokine of the CC chemokine subfamily that binds to the CCR5 chemokine receptor on the cell surface, promotes leukocyte aggregation under various inflammatory conditions, and contributes to immune protection against human immunodeficiency virus type 1. CCL4 Protein, Human is a recombinant human CCL4 (A24-N92) expressed by E. coli.

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.
  • Species: Human
  • Source: E. coli
  • Storage:
    Stored at -20°C for 2 years from date of receipt. After reconstitution, it is stable at 4°C for 1 week or -20°C for longer (with carrier protein). It is recommended to freeze aliquots at -20°C or -80°C for extended storage.
  • Experimental Validation Results for CCL4 Protein, Human
  • Experimental Validation Results for CCL4 Protein, Human
  • CCL4 Protein, Human Product Image
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  • Biological Activity
  • Technical Parameters
  • Product Properties
  • Documentation
  • References
  • Help & FAQs
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Biological Activity

Description

CCL4 Protein, Human is a small cytokine of the CC chemokine subfamily that binds to the CCR5 chemokine receptor on the cell surface, promotes leukocyte aggregation under various inflammatory conditions, and contributes to immune protection against human immunodeficiency virus type 1. CCL4 Protein, Human is a recombinant human CCL4 (A24-N92) expressed by E. coli[1].

Background

CCL4, also known as macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP-1β), belongs to the CC chemokine family and is a protein encoded in humans by the CCL4 gene, which belongs to the 17q11-q21 region of chromosome 17 and has a molecular weight of approximately 8-10 kDa. CCL4 can be produced by monocytes, B cells, T cells, NK cells, dendritic cells, neutrophils, fibroblasts, endothelial cells, and epithelial cells[1]. In parallel, CCL4 can also act as a major HIV suppressor produced by CD8+ T cells, inducing dose-dependent inhibition of different strains of HIV-1, HIV-2 and monkey immunodeficiency virus (SIV). Among them, the N-terminal processed form CCL4 (3-69), produced by proteolytic cleavage of peripheral blood lymphocytes after secretion, retains the ability to induce down-regulation of chemokine receptor CCR5 surface expression and inhibit CCR5-mediated HIV-1 entry into T cells[2].

Verified Bioactivity

1. The ED50 is <100 ng/mL as measured by CHO-K1/Gα15/hCCR5 cells (human Gα15 and human CCR5 stably expressed in CHO-K1 cells).
2. Measured by its ability to chemoattract THP-1 human acute monocytic leukemia cells. The ED50 this effect is 2.785 ng/mL, corresponding to a specific activity is 3.59×105 U/mg.
3. Measured by its ability to chemoattract BaF3 mouse pro-B cells transfected with Human CCR5. The ED50 for this effect is 1.0-10.0 ng/mL.

Technical Parameters

  • Species Human
  • Source E. coli
  • Tag Tag Free
  • Accession

    P13236 (A24-N92)

  • Gene ID
    6351  [NCBI]
  • Molecular Construction
    • N-term
    • CCL4 (A24-N92)
      Accession # P13236
    • C-term
  • Protein Length

    Full Length of Mature Protein

  • Synonyms

    CCL4; Act-2; Prev. SCYA4; MIP1B; Prev. LAG1; HC21; MIP-1-Beta; Monocyte Adherence-Induced Protein 5 Alpha; AT744.1; Chemokine C-C Motif Ligand 4; Small Inducible Cytokine A4 (Homologous To Mouse Mip-1b); Small-Inducible Cytokine A4; Macrophage Inflammator

  • AA Sequence

    APMGSDPPTACCFSYTARKLPRNFVVDYYETSSLCSQPAVVFQTKRSKQVCADPSESWVQEYVYDLELN

  • Predicted Molecular Mass

    7.8 kDa

  • Molecular Weight

    Approximately 14-17 kDa, based on SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions.

  • Purity

    ≥ 95%, as determined by reducing SDS-PAGE.

Product Properties

Appearance

Lyophilized powder

Formulation

Lyophilized from a 0.22 μm filtered solution of 20 mM PB, 150 mM NaCl, pH 7.4.

Endotoxin Level

<1 EU/μg, determined by LAL method.

Reconstitution

It is not recommended to reconstitute to a concentration less than 100 μg/mL in ddH2O. For long term storage it is recommended to add a carrier protein (0.1% BSA, 5% HSA, 10% FBS or 5% Trehalose).

Storage & Stability

Stored at -20°C for 2 years from date of receipt. After reconstitution, it is stable at 4°C for 1 week or -20°C for longer (with carrier protein). It is recommended to freeze aliquots at -20°C or -80°C for extended storage.

Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

References

[1]. S G Irving, et al. Two inflammatory mediator cytokine genes are closely linked and variably amplified on chromosome 17q. Nucleic Acids Res. 1990 Jun 11;18(11):3261-70. [Content Brief]

[2]. Patricia Menten, et al. Macrophage inflammatory protein-1. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 2002 Dec;13(6):455-81. [Content Brief]

Calculators

Reconstitution Calculator

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Dilution Calculator

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The Specific Activity Calculator Equation
  • Specific Activity (Unit/mg)
  • Biological Activity (ED50)

Specific Activity (Unit/mg) = 106 ÷ Biological Activity (ED50)

Specific Activity (Unit/mg) Specific Activity (Unit/mg)
Unit/mg
= 106 ÷
Biological Activity (ED50) Biological Activity (ED50)
106 ÷
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MOQ
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100 mg

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Measured by its ability to inhibit anti-CD3-induced proliferation of stimulated CTLL-2 mouse cytotoxic T cells. The ED50 this effect is 0.8023 μg/ml, corresponding to a specific activity is 1246.42 units/mg.

Assay Types
  • 1/16

    MedChemExpress Validation
     ≥ 95%, as determined by reducing SDS-PAGE.

  • 1/16

    MedChemExpress Validation
     Measured by its ability to chemoattract THP-1 human acute monocytic leukemia cells. The ED50 for this effect is 2.785 ng/mL, corresponding to a specific activity is 3.59×105 U/mg.

  • CCL4 Protein, Human Product Image
    1/16
  • Experimental Validation Results for CCL4 Protein, Human
  • Experimental Validation Results for CCL4 Protein, Human
  • CCL4 Protein, Human Product Image