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ketone body

" in MedChemExpress (MCE) Product Catalog:

By Targets:	Antibiotic (1) Biochemical Assay Reagents (3) Drug Intermediate (1) Endogenous Metabolite (9) Environmental Pollutants (1) Mitochondrial Metabolism (3) Pyroptosis (1) Reference Standards (1)
By Research Areas:	Cardiovascular Disease (2) Inflammation/Immunology (2) Metabolic Disease (12) Neurological Disease (2)

Inhibitors & Agonists

Biochemical Assay Reagents

Natural
Products

Cat. No.	Product Name	Target	Research Areas	Chemical Structure

HY-77490A

1,3-Butanediol 1 Publications Verification	Environmental Pollutants Endogenous Metabolite	Cardiovascular Disease Neurological Disease
1,3-Butanediol, an orally active ethanol dimer providing a source of calories for human nutrition. 1,3-Butanediol administeration can stimulate the biosynthesis of the ketone body, β-hydroxybutyrate (βHB). 1,3-Butanediol has cerebral protective and hypoglycaemic effect .

HY-113004

3-Hydroxyvaleric acid	Endogenous Metabolite	Metabolic Disease
3-Hydroxyvaleric acid is a five-carbon ketone body byproduct that can undergo an anaplerotic reaction to replenish the intermediates of the tricarboxylic acid cycle. 3-Hydroxyvaleric acid is one of the important monomers for the synthesis of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA). PHA is a type of biodegradable plastic that is widely used in environmentally friendly packaging, disposable products, and medical materials .

HY-P2994

3-Hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase 3-HBDH	Endogenous Metabolite	Metabolic Disease
3-Hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase (3-HBDH), a mitochondrial enzyme, is a key enzyme in the ketone body metabolism pathway. 3-Hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase is the last enzyme for ketone synthesis in the liver and the first enzyme for ketone breakdown in extracellular tissues. The absence of 3-Hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase leads to the inhibition of fatty acid oxidation in the liver during fasting in mice, resulting in lipid accumulation and the development of fatty liver .

HY-114294A

DL-3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A disodium hydrate HMG-CoA disodium hydrate	Biochemical Assay Reagents	Metabolic Disease
DL-3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A disodium hydrate is a disodium salt compound of HMG-CoA, is a intermediate of terpenes and ketone bodies. DL-3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A disodium also involves in ester metabolism in vivo, as a precursor for cholesterol synthesis, and regulates cholesterol synthesis by coupling LDL receptor .

HY-173527

PSSI-51	Mitochondrial Metabolism	Metabolic Disease
PSSI-51 is an orally active, peripherally selective inhibitor of succinyl-CoA:3-ketoacid-CoA transferase (SCOT). PSSI-51 inhibits SCOT activity in peripheral tissues (such as muscle and kidney) but does not affect SCOT activity in brain tissue. PSSI-51 reduces ketone body oxidation by inhibiting SCOT, thereby improving obesity-related hyperglycemia. PSSI-51 can be used in the study of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and has the potential to improve obesity-related metabolic disorders .

HY-E70121

Succinyl-CoA synthetase	Endogenous Metabolite Mitochondrial Metabolism	Neurological Disease Metabolic Disease Inflammation/Immunology
Succinyl-CoA synthetase is a mitochondrial matrix enzyme and catalyst. Succinyl-CoA synthetase supports TCA, ketone and heme metabolism and is activated by mitochondrial phosphate. Succinyl-CoA synthetase distributes broadly across mammalian tissues with distinct substrate-related biochemical features. Succinyl-CoA synthetase gains structural stability after phosphorylation and relies on SUCLG1-encoded subunit for activity. Succinyl-CoA synthetase malfunction links to metabolic and neurological disorders. Succinyl-CoA synthetase serves as a research tool for mitochondrial hepatoencephalomyopathy .

HY-159007

BD-AcAc2 R,S-1,3-Butanediol acetoacetate diester	Pyroptosis	Cardiovascular Disease Metabolic Disease
BD-AcAc2 is an orally active antiepileptic. BD-AcAc2 results in body weight loss or maintenance with moderate increases in circulating ketones .

HY-B0399A

(±)-Carnitine DL-Carnitine; DL-Levocarnitine	Mitochondrial Metabolism	Metabolic Disease
(±)-Carnitine (DL-Carnitine) is an orally effective racemic mixture of L-Carnitine (HY-B0399) and D-Carnitine. (±)-Carnitine elevates the mitochondrial NAD ⁺/NADH ratio in the presence of 1,3-butanediol (HY-77490A). (±)-Carnitine does not increase glucose and urea production from L-glutamine, but stimulates propionate gluconeogenesis in rat renal cortical slices, and significantly reduces hepatic ketone body levels in rats fed a diet containing 30% high fat plus 20% 1,3-butanediol .

HY-W127357

Tripelargonin	Biochemical Assay Reagents	Others
Glyceryl trinonanoate is a triacylglycerol containing nonanoic acid at the sn-1, sn-2 and sn-3 positions. It has been found in Schizochytrium biomass. 1 1,2,3-Trinonanoyl-rac-glycerol increases blood levels of the ketone body D-(-)-3-hydroxybutyrate in neonatal rhesus monkeys. 2\|1. Mioso, R., Toledo Marante, FJ, González, JE, et al. Schizochytrium sp. metabolite analysis. Oleaginous microbial sources of biodiesel by GC-MS. braz. J. Microbiology. 45(2), 403-409 (2014).\|2. Tetrick, MA, Greer, FR and Benevenga, NJ Blood D- ( )-3-Hydroxybutyric acid concentration. Compare. medicine. 60(6), 486-490 (2010).

HY-W088190

Dicyclohexyl ketone Cyclohexyl ketone	Drug Intermediate Biochemical Assay Reagents	Others
Dicyclohexyl ketone (Cyclohexyl ketone) is a toxic compound that causes toxic effects in rats at high doses, including death, decreased activity, staining of the fur on the lower body, reddening of the tears, and reproductive and developmental effects.

HY-Y1150

Pivalic acid Trimethylmethanecarboxylic acid; Versatic 5 acid; tert-Pentanoic acid	Antibiotic	Inflammation/Immunology
Pivalic acid (Trimethylmethanecarboxylic acid) is a carboxylic acid. Pivalic acid induces Carnitine deficiency. Pivalic acid conjugated with Antibiotics, such as Pivmecillinam (HY-B0810) and Pivampicillin (HY-119011), are used in urinary tract infection. Pivalic acid can be used in physical exercise research .

HY-113004R

3-Hydroxyvaleric acid (Standard)	Endogenous Metabolite Reference Standards	Metabolic Disease
3-Hydroxyvaleric acid (Standard) is the analytical standard of 3-Hydroxyvaleric acid. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. 3-Hydroxyvaleric acid is a five-carbon ketone body byproduct that can undergo an anaplerotic reaction to replenish the intermediates of the tricarboxylic acid cycle. 3-Hydroxyvaleric acid is one of the important monomers for the synthesis of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA). PHA is a type of biodegradable plastic that is widely used in environmentally friendly packaging, disposable products, and medical materials .

HY-E70959

β-Hydroxybutyrate Dehydrogenase, Pseudomonas lemoignei	Endogenous Metabolite	Metabolic Disease
β-Hydroxybutyrate Dehydrogenase, Pseudomonas lemoignei (EC 1.1.1.30) is a soluble cytosolic enzyme that does not require a phospholipid allosteric activator. β-Hydroxybutyrate Dehydrogenase, Pseudomonas lemoignei is required for the utilization of ketone bodies as a source of metabolic energy. β-Hydroxybutyrate Dehydrogenase, Pseudomonas lemoignei catalyzes the oxidation of 3-hydroxybutyrate to acetoacetate, the first step in the conversion of ketone bodies to citric acid, which is then further metabolized via the tricarboxylic acid cycle (Krebs cycle).

HY-E70947

β-Hydroxybutyrate Dehydrogenase, Rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides	Endogenous Metabolite	Metabolic Disease
β-Hydroxybutyrate Dehydrogenase, Rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides (EC 1.1.1.30) is a soluble cytosolic enzyme that does not require a phospholipid allosteric activator. β-Hydroxybutyrate Dehydrogenase, Rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides is required for the utilization of ketone bodies as a source of metabolic energy. β-Hydroxybutyrate Dehydrogenase, Rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides catalyzes the oxidation of 3-hydroxybutyrate to acetoacetate, the first step in the conversion of ketone bodies to citric acid, which is then further metabolized via the tricarboxylic acid cycle (Krebs cycle).

HY-P2994B

3-Hydroxybutyrate Dehydrogenase, Alcaligenes faecalis	Endogenous Metabolite	Metabolic Disease
3-Hydroxybutyrate Dehydrogenase, Alcaligenes faecalis (EC 1.1.1.30) catalyzes the oxidation of 3-hydroxybutyrate to acetoacetate, the first step in the conversion of ketone bodies to citric acid, which is then further metabolized via the tricarboxylic acid cycle (Krebs cycle).

HY-P2994A

D-3-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase, Pseudomonas sp.	Endogenous Metabolite	Metabolic Disease
D-3-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase, Pseudomonas sp. (EC 1.1.1.30) is a redox enzyme that acts on the donor CH-OH group and uses NAD+ or NADP+ as the acceptor. D-3-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase is involved in the synthesis and degradation of ketone bodies and butyrate metabolism.

Cat. No.	Product Name	Type

HY-114294A

DL-3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A disodium hydrate HMG-CoA disodium hydrate	Biochemical Assay Reagents
DL-3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A disodium hydrate is a disodium salt compound of HMG-CoA, is a intermediate of terpenes and ketone bodies. DL-3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A disodium also involves in ester metabolism in vivo, as a precursor for cholesterol synthesis, and regulates cholesterol synthesis by coupling LDL receptor .

HY-W127357

Tripelargonin	Biochemical Assay Reagents
Glyceryl trinonanoate is a triacylglycerol containing nonanoic acid at the sn-1, sn-2 and sn-3 positions. It has been found in Schizochytrium biomass. 1 1,2,3-Trinonanoyl-rac-glycerol increases blood levels of the ketone body D-(-)-3-hydroxybutyrate in neonatal rhesus monkeys. 2\|1. Mioso, R., Toledo Marante, FJ, González, JE, et al. Schizochytrium sp. metabolite analysis. Oleaginous microbial sources of biodiesel by GC-MS. braz. J. Microbiology. 45(2), 403-409 (2014).\|2. Tetrick, MA, Greer, FR and Benevenga, NJ Blood D- ( )-3-Hydroxybutyric acid concentration. Compare. medicine. 60(6), 486-490 (2010).

Tripelargonin

Biochemical Assay Reagents

Glyceryl trinonanoate is a triacylglycerol containing nonanoic acid at the sn-1, sn-2 and sn-3 positions. It has been found in Schizochytrium biomass. 1 1,2,3-Trinonanoyl-rac-glycerol increases blood levels of the ketone body D-(-)-3-hydroxybutyrate in neonatal rhesus monkeys. 2|1. Mioso, R., Toledo Marante, FJ, González, JE, et al. Schizochytrium sp. metabolite analysis. Oleaginous microbial sources of biodiesel by GC-MS. braz. J. Microbiology. 45(2), 403-409 (2014).|2. Tetrick, MA, Greer, FR and Benevenga, NJ Blood D- ( )-3-Hydroxybutyric acid concentration. Compare. medicine. 60(6), 486-490 (2010).

1,3-Butanediol 1 Publications Verification	Cardiovascular Disease Structural Classification Natural Products Neurological Disease Classification of Application Fields Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Environmental Pollutants Endogenous Metabolite
1,3-Butanediol, an orally active ethanol dimer providing a source of calories for human nutrition. 1,3-Butanediol administeration can stimulate the biosynthesis of the ketone body, β-hydroxybutyrate (βHB). 1,3-Butanediol has cerebral protective and hypoglycaemic effect .

3-Hydroxyvaleric acid	Classification of Application Fields Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Disease markers Endocrine diseases Metabolic Disease Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Endogenous Metabolite
3-Hydroxyvaleric acid is a five-carbon ketone body byproduct that can undergo an anaplerotic reaction to replenish the intermediates of the tricarboxylic acid cycle. 3-Hydroxyvaleric acid is one of the important monomers for the synthesis of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA). PHA is a type of biodegradable plastic that is widely used in environmentally friendly packaging, disposable products, and medical materials .

(±)-Carnitine DL-Carnitine; DL-Levocarnitine	Structural Classification Natural Products Classification of Application Fields Metabolic Disease Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Source Classification	Mitochondrial Metabolism
(±)-Carnitine (DL-Carnitine) is an orally effective racemic mixture of L-Carnitine (HY-B0399) and D-Carnitine. (±)-Carnitine elevates the mitochondrial NAD ⁺/NADH ratio in the presence of 1,3-butanediol (HY-77490A). (±)-Carnitine does not increase glucose and urea production from L-glutamine, but stimulates propionate gluconeogenesis in rat renal cortical slices, and significantly reduces hepatic ketone body levels in rats fed a diet containing 30% high fat plus 20% 1,3-butanediol .

3-Hydroxyvaleric acid (Standard)	Structural Classification Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Disease markers Endocrine diseases Endogenous metabolite Source Classification	Endogenous Metabolite Reference Standards
3-Hydroxyvaleric acid (Standard) is the analytical standard of 3-Hydroxyvaleric acid. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. 3-Hydroxyvaleric acid is a five-carbon ketone body byproduct that can undergo an anaplerotic reaction to replenish the intermediates of the tricarboxylic acid cycle. 3-Hydroxyvaleric acid is one of the important monomers for the synthesis of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA). PHA is a type of biodegradable plastic that is widely used in environmentally friendly packaging, disposable products, and medical materials .

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ketone body

Inhibitors & Agonists

Biochemical Assay Reagents

NaturalProducts

Natural
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