Chrysophanol
Based on 6 publication(s) in Google Scholar
Chrysophanol (Chrysophanic acid) is a natural anthraquinone, which inhibits EGF-induced phosphorylation of EGFR and suppresses activation of AKT and mTOR/p70S6K.
For research use only. We do not sell to patients.
- Purity: 99.66%
- CAS No.: 481-74-3
- Formula: C15H10O4
- Molecular Weight:254.24
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Storage:Powder -20°C, 3 years , 4°C, 2 years ; In solvent -80°C, 2 years , -20°C, 1 year
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Biological Activity
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Chemical Information
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Solvent & Solubility
- Protocol
- Purity & Documentation
- References
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Help & FAQs
Publications Citing Use of MedChemExpress (MCE) Chrysophanol
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Customer Validation & Images
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Bio/Physico-chemical Assay
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Bio/Physico-chemical Assay
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Cell Imaging/Staining
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Cell Imaging/Staining
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In Vivo Efficacy Study
All EGFR Isoforms
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Biological Activity
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EGFR |
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Cell Line
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Type | Value | Description | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| A2780 | IC50 |
>60 μM
Compound: 1
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Cytotoxicity against human A2780 cells
Cytotoxicity against human A2780 cells
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[PMID: 24326280] |
| A549 | IC50 |
5.7 μM
Compound: 26
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Antiproliferative activity against human A549 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability measured after 72 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay
Antiproliferative activity against human A549 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability measured after 72 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay
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[PMID: 33691166] |
| Calu-1 | IC50 |
>100 μM
Compound: 6
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Inhibition of human Calu1 cell proliferation assessed as [3H]thymidine incorporation after 3 days by scintillation counting
Inhibition of human Calu1 cell proliferation assessed as [3H]thymidine incorporation after 3 days by scintillation counting
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[PMID: 11374975] |
| DU-145 | GI50 |
>62.5 μg/mL
Compound: 3
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Cytotoxicity against human DU145 cells
Cytotoxicity against human DU145 cells
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[PMID: 18163590] |
| HCT-116 | IC50 |
47.4 μM
Compound: 1
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Cytotoxicity against MDR1 Pgp under-expressing human HCT116 cells after 24 hrs by MTT assay
Cytotoxicity against MDR1 Pgp under-expressing human HCT116 cells after 24 hrs by MTT assay
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[PMID: 17949858] |
| HeLa | IC50 |
>100 μM
Compound: 6
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Inhibition of human HeLa cell proliferation assessed as [3H]thymidine incorporation after 3 days by scintillation counting
Inhibition of human HeLa cell proliferation assessed as [3H]thymidine incorporation after 3 days by scintillation counting
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[PMID: 11374975] |
| HepG2 | IC50 |
64.4 μM
Compound: 1
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Cytotoxicity against MDR1 Pgp overexpressing human HepG2 cells after 24 hrs by MTT assay
Cytotoxicity against MDR1 Pgp overexpressing human HepG2 cells after 24 hrs by MTT assay
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[PMID: 17949858] |
| HepG2 2.2.15 | IC50 |
300 μg/mL
Compound: 52
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Antiviral activity against Hepatitis B virus infected in human HepG2.2.15 cells assessed as decrease in HBV DNA production
Antiviral activity against Hepatitis B virus infected in human HepG2.2.15 cells assessed as decrease in HBV DNA production
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[PMID: 24549242] |
| HepG2 2.2.15 | IC50 |
300 μg/mL
Compound: 52
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Antiviral activity against Hepatitis B virus infected in human HepG2.2.15 cells assessed as decrease in HBV e antigen secretion
Antiviral activity against Hepatitis B virus infected in human HepG2.2.15 cells assessed as decrease in HBV e antigen secretion
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[PMID: 24549242] |
| HepG2 2.2.15 | IC50 |
300 μg/mL
Compound: 52
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Antiviral activity against Hepatitis B virus infected in human HepG2.2.15 cells assessed as decrease in HBV surface antigen secretion
Antiviral activity against Hepatitis B virus infected in human HepG2.2.15 cells assessed as decrease in HBV surface antigen secretion
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[PMID: 24549242] |
| HT-29 | GI50 |
>62.5 μg/mL
Compound: 3
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Cytotoxicity against human HT29 cells
Cytotoxicity against human HT29 cells
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[PMID: 18163590] |
| HUVEC | ED50 |
>5 μg/mL
Compound: chrysophanol
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Cytotoxicity against HUVEC
Cytotoxicity against HUVEC
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[PMID: 15043409] |
| K562 | GI50 |
>62.5 μg/mL
Compound: 3
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Cytotoxicity against human K562 cells
Cytotoxicity against human K562 cells
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[PMID: 18163590] |
| K562 | IC50 |
>100 μM
Compound: 6
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Inhibition of human K562 cell proliferation assessed as [3H]thymidine incorporation after 3 days by scintillation counting
Inhibition of human K562 cell proliferation assessed as [3H]thymidine incorporation after 3 days by scintillation counting
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[PMID: 11374975] |
| KB | EC50 |
>20 μM
Compound: 11
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Cytotoxicity against human KB cells
Cytotoxicity against human KB cells
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[PMID: 17552563] |
| KB | ED50 |
5.68 μg/mL
Compound: 1
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Cytotoxicity against human KB cells
Cytotoxicity against human KB cells
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10.1021/np50085a021 |
| LNCaP | ED50 |
>5 μg/mL
Compound: chrysophanol
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Cytotoxicity against human LNCAP cells
Cytotoxicity against human LNCAP cells
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[PMID: 15043409] |
| Lu1 | ED50 |
>5 μg/mL
Compound: chrysophanol
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Cytotoxicity against human Lu1 cells
Cytotoxicity against human Lu1 cells
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[PMID: 15043409] |
| M14 | GI50 |
>62.5 μg/mL
Compound: 3
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Cytotoxicity against human M14 cells
Cytotoxicity against human M14 cells
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[PMID: 18163590] |
| MCF7 | ED50 |
>5 μg/mL
Compound: chrysophanol
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Cytotoxicity against human MCF7 cells
Cytotoxicity against human MCF7 cells
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[PMID: 15043409] |
| MCF7 | GI50 |
>62.5 μg/mL
Compound: 3
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Cytotoxicity against human MCF7 cells
Cytotoxicity against human MCF7 cells
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[PMID: 18163590] |
| ME-180 | GI50 |
>62.5 μg/mL
Compound: 3
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Cytotoxicity against human ME180 cells
Cytotoxicity against human ME180 cells
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[PMID: 18163590] |
| NCI-H157 | IC50 |
2.7 μM
Compound: 26
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Antiproliferative activity against human NCI-H157 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability measured after 72 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay
Antiproliferative activity against human NCI-H157 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability measured after 72 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay
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[PMID: 33691166] |
| NCI-H460 | GI50 |
>62.5 μg/mL
Compound: 3
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Cytotoxicity against human H460 cells
Cytotoxicity against human H460 cells
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[PMID: 18163590] |
| NIH3T3 | GI50 |
>62.5 μg/mL
Compound: 3
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Cytotoxicity against BALB/c mouse 3T3 cells
Cytotoxicity against BALB/c mouse 3T3 cells
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[PMID: 18163590] |
| PC-3 | GI50 |
>62.5 μg/mL
Compound: 3
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Cytotoxicity against human PC3 cells
Cytotoxicity against human PC3 cells
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[PMID: 18163590] |
| PLC-PRF-5 | ED50 |
3.23 μg/mL
Compound: 1
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Cytotoxicity against human PLC/PRF/5 cells
Cytotoxicity against human PLC/PRF/5 cells
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10.1021/np50085a021 |
| Raji | IC50 |
>100 μM
Compound: 6
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Inhibition of human Raji cell proliferation assessed as [3H]thymidine incorporation after 3 days by scintillation counting
Inhibition of human Raji cell proliferation assessed as [3H]thymidine incorporation after 3 days by scintillation counting
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[PMID: 11374975] |
| Vero | GI50 |
>62.5 μg/mL
Compound: 3
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Cytotoxicity against african green monkey Vero cells
Cytotoxicity against african green monkey Vero cells
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[PMID: 18163590] |
| Vero | IC50 |
>100 μM
Compound: 6
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Inhibition of african green monkey Vero cell proliferation assessed as [3H]thymidine incorporation after 3 days by scintillation counting
Inhibition of african green monkey Vero cell proliferation assessed as [3H]thymidine incorporation after 3 days by scintillation counting
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[PMID: 11374975] |
| WISH | IC50 |
>100 μM
Compound: 6
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Inhibition of human WISH cell proliferation assessed as [3H]thymidine incorporation after 3 days by scintillation counting
Inhibition of human WISH cell proliferation assessed as [3H]thymidine incorporation after 3 days by scintillation counting
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[PMID: 11374975] |
Chrysophanol (Chrysophanic Acid) blocks proliferation of colon cancer cells by inhibiting EGFR/mTOR pathway. Chrysophanol, a natural anthraquinone, has anticancer activity in EGFR-overexpressing SNU-C5 human colon cancer cells. Chrysophanol treatment in SNU-C5 cells inhibits EGF-induced phosphorylation of EGFR and suppresses activation of downstream signaling molecules, such as AKT, extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and the mammalian target of Rapamycin (mTOR)/ribosomal protein S6 kinase (p70S6K). Chrysophanol (80 and 120 μM) significantly blocks cell proliferation when combined with the mTOR inhibitor, Rapamycin. Chrysophanol inhibits EGF-induced phosphorylation of EGFR and suppresses activation of AKT and mTOR/p70S6K, and significantly blocks cell proliferation. Chrysophanol dose dependently decreases CCK-8 and the viability of EGFR-overexpressing SNU-C5 cells. Chrysophanol treatment dose-dependently decreases EGF induced phosphorylation of EGFR at Tyr1068. Chrysophanol (80 and 120 μM) reduces the phosphorylation levels of mTOR at Ser2448. Chrysophanol (80 and 120 μM) also decreases the phosphorylation levels of p70S6K at Thr389. Chrysophanol inhibits EGF-induced EGFR activation and suppresses activation of the downstream signaling molecules, AKT and mTOR/p70S6K[1]. Chrysophanol (CA) inhibits lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Chrysophanol down-regulates adipogenic factors in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Chrysophanol induces thermogenic factors in primary cultured brown adipocytes. Chrysophanol suppresses adipogenesis and induces thermogenesis via activation of AMPK pathway[2].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
Chemical Information
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CAS No. 481-74-3
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Appearance Solid
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Molecular Weight 254.24
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Formula C15H10O4
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Color Yellow to orange
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SMILES
O=C1C2=C(C=CC=C2O)C(C3=CC(C)=CC(O)=C13)=O
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Synonyms
Chrysophanic acid
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Structure Classification
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Initial Source
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Shipping
Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
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Storage
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 2 years -20°C 1 year
Publications (6)
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Journal Impact Factor
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Most Recent
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Acta Pharm Sin B
Chrysophanol protects against doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity by suppressing cellular PARylation. [Abstract]2019 Jul;9(4):782-793. PMID: 31384538
Chrysophanol purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Acta Pharm Sin B. 2019 Jul;9(4):782-793. [Abstract]
To further assess the role of Chrysophanol in DOX-induced mitochondrial injury, we treated cells with Chrysophanol and DOX, results clearly showed that Chrysophanol suppressed DOX induced mitochondrial membrane depolarization and the mitochondria swelling.
Chrysophanol purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Acta Pharm Sin B. 2019 Jul;9(4):782-793. [Abstract]
Chrysophanol (10-20 μmol/L) protected against DOX-induced cardiac apoptosis and mitochondrial damage in control cells while ectopic expression of PARP1 effectively blocked this Chrysophanol’s cardioprotection.
Chrysophanol purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Acta Pharm Sin B. 2019 Jul;9(4):782-793. [Abstract]
To explore the effects of CHR or 3AB (a PARP1 inhibitor) on the cardiac function of DOX-induced rats, the different doses of Chrysophanol (Low: 5 mg/kg/day; Medium: 20 mg/kg/day; High: 40 mg/kg/day) or 3AB (40 mg/kg/day) were intragastrically or intraperitoneally treated to SD rats one time every day for 7 days before DOX administration. Control group were treated with the vehicle in an equal volume of CMC-Na. Results showed that the hearts from DOX-treated rats were distinctly smaller than those from control rats.
Chrysophanol purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Acta Pharm Sin B. 2019 Jul;9(4):782-793. [Abstract]
To explore the effects of CHR or 3AB (a PARP1 inhibitor) on the cardiac function of DOX-induced rats, the different doses of Chrysophanol (Low: 5 mg/kg/day; Medium: 20 mg/kg/day; High: 40 mg/kg/day) or 3AB (40 mg/kg/day) were intragastrically or intraperitoneally treated to SD rats one time every day for 7 days before DOX administration. Control group were treated with the vehicle in an equal volume of CMC-Na. The results showed that significant myocardial fibrosis and inflammatory cell infiltration were observed by Sirius red and HE staining.
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Chrysophanol purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Chem Eng J. 2025 Jul 15.
Hoechst fluorescence intensity (λex = 350 nm) of tFNA-Chrysophanol by mixing tFNA and Chrysophanol in different ratios (tFNA:Chr = 1:50–250).
Chrysophanol purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Chem Eng J. 2025 Jul 15.
Zeta potential of tFNA and tFNA-Chrysophanol measured by DLS.
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Phytother Res
Chrysophanol Attenuates Glucocorticoid-Induced Osteoporosis by Targeting the E74-Like Factor 5/Osteoglycin-Regulated PI3K/AKT/mTOR Signaling Axis: An In Vitro and In Vivo Study. [Abstract]2026 Apr;40(4):2143-2165. PMID: 41657040 -
Molecules
In Vitro and in Vivo Activity of mTOR Kinase and PI3K Inhibitors Against Leishmania donovani and Trypanosoma brucei. [Abstract]2020 Apr 23;25(8):1980. PMID: 32340370 -
Vet Microbiol
The Chinese medicine monomer Schisandrin C inhibits PRRSV infection by regulating the OGT-PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. [Abstract]2026 May:316:110992. PMID: 41865607 -
Solvent & Solubility
DMF : 4 mg/mL (15.73 mM; Need ultrasonic)
DMSO : 2 mg/mL (7.87 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)
H2O : < 0.1 mg/mL (insoluble)
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.
Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)
Protocol
The cells are seeded at 5×103 cells/mL in 96-well microplates and allowed to attach for 24 h. Chrysophanol (20, 50, 80 and 120 μM) is added to the medium at various concentrations up to 120 μM and for different durations. After treatment, cell cytotoxicity and/or proliferation is assessed by a Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8). Briefly, highly water-soluble tetrazolium salt, WST-8, produces an orange colored water-soluble product, formazan. The amount of formazan dye generated by dehydrogenases in cells is directly proportional to the number of living cells.CCK-8 (10 μL) is added to each well and incubated for 3 h at 37°C, then cell proliferation and cytotoxicity are assessed by measuring the absorbance at 450 nm using a microplate reader.Three replicated wells are used for each experimental condition[1].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
Mice[2]
Male 4-week-old C57BL/6J mice are maintained for 1 week prior to experiments. Mice are maintained on a 12-h light/dark cycle in a pathogen-free animal facility, provided with laboratory diet and water ad libitum. To induce obesity, the mice are fed a HFD with 60% kcal% fat. Control group (C) are fed a commercial standard chow diet. HFD group (HFD) mice are fed with HFD only. HFD plus CA group (CA) Mice are fed with HFD for 4 weeks before administration of Chrysophanol (5 mg/kg/day). The mice are divided into three groups (n = 5) that are fed chow diet, HFD, and HFD plus Chrysophanol for 16 weeks. Body weight and food intake are measured three times per week.
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
Purity & Documentation
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Data Sheet (283 KB)
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SDS (394 KB)
- English - EN (394 KB)
- Français - FR (394 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (394 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (394 KB)
- Español - ES (394 KB)
- Swedish - SV (394 KB)
- Italian - IT (394 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (394 KB)
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Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
References
[1]. Lee MS, et al. Chrysophanic acid blocks proliferation of colon cancer cells by inhibiting EGFR/mTOR pathway. Phytother Res. 2011 Jun;25(6):833-7. [Content Brief]
[2]. Lim H, et al. Chrysophanic Acid Suppresses Adipogenesis and Induces Thermogenesis by Activating AMP-Activated Protein Kinase Alpha In vivo and In vitro. Front Pharmacol. 2016 Dec 8;7:476. [Content Brief]
Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table
Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.
| Optional Solvent | Concentration Solvent Mass | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | 25 mg |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DMSO / DMF | 1 mM | 3.9333 mL | 19.6665 mL | 39.3329 mL | 98.3323 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.7867 mL | 3.9333 mL | 7.8666 mL | 19.6665 mL | |
| DMF | 10 mM | 0.3933 mL | 1.9666 mL | 3.9333 mL | 9.8332 mL |
| 15 mM | 0.2622 mL | 1.3111 mL | 2.6222 mL | 6.5555 mL |
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