2. Infection

Infection

Infection

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Infection is a pathophysiological process that involves the invasion and colonization of a living organism (host) by disease-causing infectious agents, the reaction of host tissues to these agents and the toxins they produce, and the transmission of infectious agents to other hosts. Common infectious agents include viruses, viroids, prions, bacteria, nematodes, arthropods, and other macroparasites such as tapeworms. Hosts can fight infections using their immune system. Mammals often engage both innate and adaptive immune systems to eliminate infectious agents or inhibit their growth and transmission. When infection occurs, anti-infective drugs can suppress the infection. Several broad types of anti-infective drugs exist, depending on the type of organism targeted; they include antibacterial (antibiotic), antiviral, antifungal and antiparasitic agents.

Cat. No. Product Name CAS No. Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-N0113BR
    Hordenine hydrochloride (Standard) 6027-23-2 98%
    Hordenine (hydrochloride) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Hordenine (hydrochloride). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Hordenine (hydrochloride), an alkaloid found in plants, inhibits melanogenesis by suppression of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) production[1].
    Hordenine hydrochloride (Standard)
  • HY-N0113BS
    Hordenine-d6 hydrochloride 98%
    Hordenine-d6 (Ordenina-d6; Peyocactine-d6) hydrochloride is deuterium-labeled Hordenine (hydrochloride) (HY-N0113B).
    Hordenine-d6 hydrochloride
  • HY-N0176S3
    Dihydroartemisinin-d5 98%
    Dihydroartemisinin-d5 is deuterated labeled Dihydroartemisinin (HY-N0176). Dihydroartemisinin is a potent anti-malaria agent.
    Dihydroartemisinin-d5
  • HY-N0216S2
    Benzoic acid-13C 3880-99-7 98%
    Benzoic acid-13C is the 13C-labeled Benzoic acid. Benzoic acid is an aromatic alcohol existing naturally in many plants and is a common additive to food, drinks, cosmetics and other products. It acts as preservatives through inhibiting both bacteria and fungi.
    Benzoic acid-13C
  • HY-N0325S1
    DL-Methionine-d1 67866-74-4 98%
    DL-Methionine-d is the deuterium labeled DL-Methionine. DL-Methionine is an essential amino acid containing sulfur with oxidative stress defense effects. DL-Methionine can be used for animal natural feed. DL-Methionine also kills H. rostochiensis on potato plants.
    DL-Methionine-d1
  • HY-N0325S3
    DL-Methionine-d3 284665-20-9 98%
    DL-Methionine-d3 is the deuterium labeled DL-Methionine. DL-Methionine is an essential amino acid containing sulfur with oxidative stress defense effects. DL-Methionine can be used for animal natural feed. DL-Methionine also kills H. rostochiensis on potato plants.
    DL-Methionine-d3
  • HY-N0346AR
    (E)-Ethyl p-methoxycinnamate (Standard) 24393-56-4 98%
    (E)-Ethyl p-methoxycinnamate (Standard) is the analytical standard of (E)-Ethyl p-methoxycinnamate. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. (E)-Ethyl p-methoxycinnamate is a natural product found in Kaempferia galangal with anti-inflammatory, anti-neoplastic and anti-microbial effects. (E)-Ethyl p-methoxycinnamate inhibits COX-1 and COX-2 in vitro with IC50s of 1.12 and 0.83 μM, respectively.
    (E)-Ethyl p-methoxycinnamate (Standard)
  • HY-N0401AS
    (Z)-Ligustilide-d7 98%
    (Z)-Ligustilide-d7 is the deuterium-labeled (Z)-Ligustilide (HY-N0401A).
    (Z)-Ligustilide-d7
  • HY-N0415S1
    Trigonelline-d3-1 chloride
    Trigonelline-d3-1 chloride (Trigonelline-d3-1 hydrochloride) is the deuterium labeled Trigonelline chloride (HY-N0415). Trigonelline chloride is an alkaloid with potential antidiabetic activity that can be isolated from Trigonella foenum-graecum L or Leonurus artemisia. Trigonelline chloride is a potent Nrf2 inhibitor that blocks Nrf2-dependent proteasome activity, thereby enhancing apoptosis in pancreatic cancer cells. Trigonelline chloride also has anti-HSV-1, antibacterial, and antifungal activity, and induces ferroptosis.
    Trigonelline-d3-1 chloride
  • HY-N0470S1
    L-Lysine-13C6,15N2,d9 dihydrochloride 1994268-57-3 98%
    L-Lysine-13C6,15N2,d9 (dihydrochloride) is the deuterium, 13C-, and 15-labeled L-Lysine hydrochloride. L-lysine hydrochloride is an essential amino acid for humans with various benefits including treating herpes, increasing calcium absorption, reducing diabetes-related illnesses and improving gut health.
    L-Lysine-13C6,15N2,d9 dihydrochloride
  • HY-N0470S2
    L-Lysine-13C dihydrochloride 202190-50-9 99.90%
    L-Lysine-13C (dihydrochloride) is the 13C-labeled L-Lysine dihydrochloride. L-lysine dihydrochloride is an essential amino acid for humans with various benefits including treating herpes, increasing calcium absorption, reducing diabetes-related illnesses and improving gut health.
    L-Lysine-13C dihydrochloride
  • HY-N0492AR
    α-Lipoic Acid sodium (Standard) 2319-84-8 98%
    α-Lipoic Acid (sodium) (Standard) is the analytical standard of α-Lipoic Acid (sodium). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. α-Lipoic Acid (Thioctic acid) sodium is an antioxidant, which is an essential cofactor of mitochondrial enzyme complexes. α-Lipoic Acid sodium inhibits NF-κB-dependent HIV-1 LTR activation. α-Lipoic Acid sodium induces endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-mediated apoptosis in hepatoma cells. α-Lipoic Acid sodium can be used with CPUL1 (HY-151802) to construct the self-assembled nanoaggregate CPUL1-LA NA, which has improved antitumor efficacy than CPUL1.
    α-Lipoic Acid sodium (Standard)
  • HY-N0565AG
    Doxycycline (hydrochloride) (GMP) 10592-13-9
    Doxycycline hydrochloride GMP is Doxycycline (hydrochloride) (HY-N0565A) produced by using GMP guidelines. GMP small molecules works appropriately as an auxiliary reagent for cell therapy manufacture. Doxycycline hydrochloride is an orally active highly lipophilic, tissue-permeable MMP inhibitor with broad-spectrum antibacterial activity. Doxycycline hydrochloride is also a semi-synthetic antibiotic with chelating properties, which blocks bacterial protein synthesis and inhibits extracellular matrix degradation through interactions with zinc and calcium atoms. Doxycycline hydrochloride also inhibits mitochondrial biogenesis, translation, and the expression of respiratory chain proteins. Doxycycline hydrochloride induces apoptosis, inhibits autophagy and EMT, downregulates stem cell markers, and activates the PI3K-AKT pathway, thereby effectively inhibiting the viability and proliferation of cancer cells such as breast cancer cells. Doxycycline hydrochloride also promotes the survival and self-renewal of embryonic stem cells and neural stem cells, and reduces the frequency of medium changes in culture. Doxycycline hydrochloride has been applied in studies related to breast cancer, prostate cancer, bladder cancer, and other cancers.
    Doxycycline (hydrochloride) (GMP)
  • HY-N0677AR
    Kalii Dehydrographolidi Succinas (Standard) 76958-99-1
    Paromomycin (sulfate) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Paromomycin (sulfate). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Paromomycin (Aminosidine) sulfate, a neomycin (HY-B0470) derivative, is a broad spectrum aminoglycoside antibiotic with amebicidal and bactericidal effects. Paromomycin sulfate prematures termination of translation of mRNA and inhibits protein synthesis?by specifically binds to the RNA oligonucleotide at the A site of bacterial 30S ribosomes. Paromomycin sulfate can be used for the research of bacterial and parasitic infections.
    Kalii Dehydrographolidi Succinas (Standard)
  • HY-N0683S1
    2-ambo-Vitamin E-13C3 2140857-06-1 98%
    α-Vitamin E-13C3 is the 13C-labeled α-Vitamin E. α-Vitamin E ((+)-α-Tocopherol), a naturally occurring vitamin E form, is a potent antioxidant.
    2-ambo-Vitamin E-13C3
  • HY-N0716AR
    Berberine hemisulfate (Standard) 316-41-6
    Berberine (hemisulfate) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Berberine (hemisulfate). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Berberine hemisulfate is the hemisulfate form of Berberine (HY-N0716). Berberine hemisulfate is an alkaloid isolated from the Chinese herbal medicine Huanglian. Berberine hemisulfate exhibits anti-inflammatory, antibiobic, antitumor, cardiovascular protective and neuroprotective activity.
    Berberine hemisulfate (Standard)
  • HY-N0716BR
    Berberine sulfate (Standard) 633-66-9
    Berberine (sulfate) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Berberine (sulfate). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Berberine sulfate is an alkaloid isolated from the Chinese herbal medicine Huanglian, as an antibiotic. Berberine sulfate induces reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and inhibits DNA topoisomerase. Berberine sulfate has antineoplastic properties. The sulfate form improves bioavailability[1][2].
    Berberine sulfate (Standard)
  • HY-N0717S2
    L-Valine-13C5,15N,d8 1994261-62-9 99.3%
    L-Valine-13C5,15N,d8 ((S)-Valine-13C5,15N,d8) is the deuterium, 13C-, and 15N-labeled L-Valine (HY-N0717). L-Valine ((S)-Valine) is a nonlinear semiorganic material. L-Valine causes lipid peroxidation and accumulation of malondialdehyde (MDA), exhibits inhibitory activity against cyanobacteria. L-Valine inhibits multidrug-resistant bacteria through activation of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway and inhibition of arginase.
    L-Valine-13C5,15N,d8
  • HY-N0717S3
    L-Valine-13C5,15N,d2 201417-09-6 98%
    L-Valine-13C5,15N,d2 ((S)-Valine-13C5,15N,d2) is the deuterium, 13C-, and 15N-labeled L-Valine (HY-N0717). L-Valine ((S)-Valine) is a nonlinear semiorganic material. L-Valine causes lipid peroxidation and accumulation of malondialdehyde (MDA), exhibits inhibitory activity against cyanobacteria. L-Valine inhibits multidrug-resistant bacteria through activation of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway and inhibition of arginase.
    L-Valine-13C5,15N,d2
  • HY-N0717S5
    L-Valine-2-13C 73834-52-3 98%
    L-Valine-2-13C ((S)-Valine-2-13C) is the 13C-labeled L-Valine (HY-N0717). L-Valine ((S)-Valine) is a nonlinear semiorganic material. L-Valine causes lipid peroxidation and accumulation of malondialdehyde (MDA), exhibits inhibitory activity against cyanobacteria. L-Valine inhibits multidrug-resistant bacteria through activation of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway and inhibition of arginase.
    L-Valine-2-13C
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity