2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Neuronal Signaling
  4. Amyloid-β

Amyloid-β

β-amyloid peptide; Aβ; Abeta

Amyloid-β

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Amyloid-β (Aβ) denotes peptides of 36–43 amino acids that are crucially involved in Alzheimer's disease as the main component of theamyloid plaques found in the brains of Alzheimer patients. The peptides result from the amyloid precursor protein (APP), which is being cut by certain enzymes to yield Aβ. Amyloid-β molecules can aggregate to form flexible soluble oligomers which may exist in several forms. Amyloid-β peptide is due to overproduction of Aβ and/or the failure of clearance mechanisms. Amyloid-β self-aggregates into oligomers, which can be of various sizes, and forms diffuse and neuritic plaques in the parenchyma and blood vessels. Amyloid-β oligomers and plaques are potent synaptotoxins, block proteasome function, inhibit mitochondrial activity, alter intracellular Ca2+levels and stimulate inflammatory processes. Loss of the normal physiological functions of Aβ is also thought to contribute to neuronal dysfunction.

Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-W720917
    Junicedric acid
    		Inhibitor
    Junicedric acid is a diterpenoid compound that can be isolated from the resin of the Araucaria araucana tree. Junicedric acid exerts neuroprotective activity by increasing intracellular calcium levels in hippocampal neurons, activating PKC and calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase (CaMKII), and preventing Amyloid-β oligomer-induced synaptic protein loss, apoptosis, and long-term potentiation (LTP) inhibition. Junicedric acid can be used in the study of the pathological mechanisms of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease.
    Junicedric acid
  • HY-152109
    AChE/MAO-IN-1
    		Inhibitor
    AChE/MAO-IN-1 (Compound D28) is a potent AChE, MAO-A and MAO-B inhibitor with IC50s of 0.0248, 0.0409 and 0.1108 μM against human AChE, MAO-B and MAO-A, respectively.
    AChE/MAO-IN-1
  • HY-175758
    AChE-IN-94
    		Inhibitor
    AChE-IN-94 is an orally active and blood-brain barrier penetrable AChE inhibitor with an IC50 of 0.40 μM and Ki of 0.28 μM. AChE-IN-94 prevents self-induced and AChE-mediated Aβ1-42 aggregation. AChE-IN-94 alleviates cognitive/memory deficits in Scopolamine (HY-N0296)-induced amnesic model. AChE-IN-94 can be used for the study of Alzheimer's disease (AD).
    AChE-IN-94
  • HY-155733
    AChE/Aβ-IN-1
    		Inhibitor
    AChE/Aβ-IN-1 (compound 32) is a potent and orally active inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) with an IC50 of 86 nM, as well as an antagonist of NMDA receptor (GluN1-1b/GluN2B subunit combination) with IC50 of 3.876 μM. AChE/Aβ-IN-1 also inhibits Aβ aggregation and shows good blood-brain barrier permeability and neuroprotection. AChE/Aβ-IN-1 improves cognitive and spatial memory impairment in rats model.
    AChE/Aβ-IN-1
  • HY-N13064
    2,2′,4,4′-Tetrahydroxychalcone
    		Inhibitor
    2,2′,4,4′-Tetrahydroxychalcone (Compound 18) is a selective and potent BACE1 inhibitor with an IC50 of 0.62 μM. 2,2′,4,4′-Tetrahydroxychalcone is a derivative of Isoliquiritigenin (HY-N0102) found in Glycyrrhiza uralensis. 2,2′,4,4′-Tetrahydroxychalcone can block the β-cutting step of amyloid precursor protein (APP), thereby reducing the production of β-amyloid (Aβ) peptide. 2,2′,4,4′-Tetrahydroxychalcone can be used for research of Alzheimer’s disease.
    2,2′,4,4′-Tetrahydroxychalcone
  • HY-N6904R
    Crocetin monomethyl ester (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Crocetin monomethyl ester (Standard) is the analytical standard of Crocetin monomethyl ester. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Crocetin monomethyl ester, isolated from Crocus sativus, possesses anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective and antioxidant activity. Crocetin monomethyl ester promotes clearance of amyloid-β by inducing autophagy via the STK11/LKB1-mediated AMPK pathway.
    Crocetin monomethyl ester (Standard)
  • HY-144389
    hAChE/Aβ1-42-IN-1
    		Inhibitor
    hAChE/Aβ1-42-IN-1 (Compound 16) is a potent inhibitor of hAChE and Aβ1-42 aggregation. hAChE/Aβ1-42-IN-1 shows acceptable relative safety upon hepG2 cell line and excellent BBB penetration with wide safety margin. hAChE/Aβ1-42-IN-1 has the potential for the research of Alzheimer disease (AD).
    hAChE/Aβ1-42-IN-1
  • HY-B0949A
    Protriptyline
    		Inhibitor
    Protriptyline is a potent tricyclic antidepressant (TCA). Protriptyline inhibits AChE activity with an IC50 value of 0.06 mM and inhibits Aβ self-assembly. Protriptyline can be used for the study of depression and Alzheimers disease.
    Protriptyline
  • HY-157440
    AChE/Aβ-IN-3
    		Inhibitor
    AChE/Aβ-IN-3 (compound AM5) is a dual inhibitor of AChE and Amyloid-β aggregation with IC50<.sub> values of 1.29 and 4.93 μM, respectively. AChE/Aβ-IN-3 has antioxidant properties that scavenge ROS and restore their normal levels. AChE/Aβ-IN-3 can be used in the study of neurological diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease.
    AChE/Aβ-IN-3
  • HY-161658
    N-Caffeoyldopamine
    		Inhibitor
    N-Caffeoyldopamine (Compound 6i) is an amyloid-beta aggregation inhibitor. N-Caffeoyldopamine can inhibit Aβ aggregation to form nano-rod-like structures, thereby preventing β-sheet formation. N-Caffeoyldopamine can be used for Alzheimer's disease research.
    N-Caffeoyldopamine
  • HY-131660
    MAO-B-IN-54
    		Inhibitor
    MAO-B-IN-54 is a selective, reversible and competitiv monoamine oxidase B (MAOB) inhibitor with a human IC50 of 0.052 μM and a Ki of 0.028 μM. MAO-B-IN-54 shows weak activity MAOA. MAO-B-IN-54 occupies both the entrance and substrate cavity of MAOB, forming hydrophobic and hydrogen bonding interactions. MAO-B-IN-54 inhibits Aβ aggregation and ROS production. MAO-B-IN-54 can be used for the research of Alzheimer’s disease.
    MAO-B-IN-54
  • HY-W748591R
    Cannflavin A (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Cannflavin A (Standard) is the analytical standard of Cannflavin A. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Cannflavin A can be isolated from Cannabis sativa L.. Cannflavin A has anti-cancer, neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory activity. Cannflavin A inhibits Aβ1-42 aggregation. Cannflavin A also inhibits kynurenine-3-monooxygenase (KMO) (IC50 = 29.4 μM). Cannflavin A activates apoptosis via caspase-3 cleavage. Cannflavin A exerts anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting pro-inflammatory enzymes, including prostaglandin E2 and cytochrome c oxidases I and II in PC12 cell line.
    Cannflavin A (Standard)
  • HY-125405
    AZ3971
    		Inhibitor
    AZ3971 is an orally active, blood-brain barrier permeable BACE1 inhibitor that does not affect the activity of γ-secretase. AZ3971 reduces the production of Aβ. AZ3971 can be used for the research of Alzheimer's disease.
    AZ3971
  • HY-114613
    D-Trp-Aib
    		Inhibitor
    D-Trp-Aib is a dipeptide and amyloid-β inhibitor with a Kd of 29.6 nM. D-Trp-Aib triggers formation of non-toxic, non-β-sheet, amorphous amyloid β clusters from misfolded amyloid β monomers and toxic amyloid β oligomers, and reduces toxic amyloid β1-42 deposits. D-Trp-Aib inhibits amyloid fibril formation of α‑synuclein, IAPP and calcitonin. D-Trp-Aib can be used for the research of Alzheimer's disease.
    D-Trp-Aib
  • HY-177854
    Aβ aggregation-IN-4
    		Inhibitor
    Aβ aggregation-IN-4 can alleviate the neurotoxicity of amyloid-β protein (Aβ) and significantly reduce the level of oligomeric complexes of Aβ (Aβ-OCs). Aβ aggregation-IN-4 does not decrease the level of amyloid-β protein (Aβ). Aβ aggregation-IN-4 attenuates Aβ oligomerization and prevents oligomer-induced death of primary cortical neurons. Aβ aggregation-IN-4 can be used for the study of Alzheimer’s disease (AD).
    Aβ aggregation-IN-4
  • HY-149582
    Aβ-IN-7
    		Inhibitor
    Aβ-IN-7 (compound 5a) is a potent inhibitor of the Aβ aggregation. Aβ-IN-7 with 50 μM stabilize Aβ monomers in the small oligomeric species and prolong the nucleation process. Aβ-IN-7 inhibits Aβ fibril formation better than Aβ-IN-8 (HY-149583) in 50 μM.
    Aβ-IN-7
  • HY-172782
    BuChE-IN-20
    		Inhibitor
    BuChE-IN-20 is a selective butyrylcholinesterase (hBuChE) inhibitor (IC50 = 0.13 μM) with BBB permeability. BuChE-IN-20 is a L-Tryptophan derivative. BuChE-IN-20 possesses neuroprotective properties by inhibiting the production of nitric oxide (NO) and lowering the levels of ROS. BuChE-IN-20 is proficient in inhibiting the self-aggregation of amyloid-beta (Aβ) peptides. BuChE-IN-20 can be used in research for Alzheimer’s disease.
    BuChE-IN-20
  • HY-120804
    PH-46A
    		Inhibitor
    PH-46A is an indane dimer with anti-inflammatory activity. PH-46A can reduced histological damage and serum amyloid A (SAA) levels in colitis mice.
    PH-46A
  • HY-153431
    TRV-1387
    		Inhibitor
    TRV-1387 is a benzofurazan that inhibits the aggregation of tau and amyloid-β.
    TRV-1387
  • HY-119492
    Phenchlobenpyrrone
    		Inhibitor
    Phenchlobenpyrrone is a highly selective neuronal calcium antagonist that crosses the blood-brain barrier. Phenchlobenpyrrone mildly inhibits AChE activity. Phenchlobenpyrrone inhibits Aβ aggregation and promotes the clearance of Aβ oligomers. Phenchlobenpyrrone reduces abnormal phosphorylation of Tau protein. Phenchlobenpyrrone may be used in research on Alzheimer's disease.
    Phenchlobenpyrrone
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity