HSP90 Inhibitor

Tanespimycin (17-AAG) is a potent HSP90 inhibitor with an IC₅₀ of 5 nM, having a 100-fold higher binding affinity for tumour cell derived HSP90 than normal cell derived HSP90. Tanespimycin depletes cellular STK38/NDR1 and reduces STK38 kinase activity. Tanespimycin also downregulates the stk38 gene expression.

Geldanamycin is a Hsp90 inhibitor with antimicrobial activity against many Gram-positive and some Gram-negative bacteria. Geldanamycin has anti-influenza virus H5N1 activities.

Ganetespib (STA-9090) is a heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) inhibitor which exhibits potent cytotoxicity in a wide variety of hematological and solid tumor cell lines. Ganetespib has antiangiogenic effects in colorectal cancer mediated through inhibition of HIF-1α and STAT3.

Luminespib (VER-52296) is a potent HSP90 inhibitor with IC₅₀s of 7.8 and 21 nM for HSP90α and HSP90β, respectively.

Gamitrinib TPP hexafluorophosphate is a Gamitrinib (GA) mitochondrial matrix inhibitor. Gamitrinib TPP hexafluorophosphate is a mitochondrial targeted HSP90 inhibitor with anti-cancer activity.

Pimitespib (TAS-116) is an oral bioavailable, ATP-competitive, highly specific HSP90α/HSP90β inhibitor (K_is of 34.7 nM and 21.3 nM, respectively) without inhibiting other HSP90 family proteins such as GRP94. Pimitespib demonstrates less ocular toxicity.

Onalespib (AT13387) is a potent and cross the blood-brain barrier heat-shock-protein-90 (Hsp90) inhibitor. Onalespib inhibits the proliferation, survival and migration. Onalespib decreases the expression of EGFR, p-EGFR, AKT, P-AKT, ERK1/2, P-ERK1/2, S6, P-S6 protein. Onalespib shows antitumor activity. Onalespib has the potential for the research of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

BIIB021 (CNF2024) is an orally active, fully synthetic inhibitor of HSP90 with a K_i and an EC₅₀ of 1.7 nM and 38 nM, respectively.

Alvespimycin (17-DMAG) is a potent inhibitor of Hsp90, binding to Hsp90 with an EC₅₀ of 62 nM.

Zelavespib (PU-H71) is a potent Hsp90 inhibitor, with an IC₅₀ of 51 nM in MDA-MB-468 cells.

PU-WS13 is a selective Grp94 inhibitor, with an EC₅₀ of 0.22 μM.

Alvespimycin hydrochloride (17-DMAG hydrochloride; KOS-1022; BMS 826476) is a potent inhibitor of Hsp90, binding to Hsp90 with EC₅₀ of 62±29 nM.

NVP-HSP990 is a potent, selective and orally active Hsp90 inhibitor, with IC₅₀ values of 0.6, 0.8, and 8.5 nM for Hsp90α, Hsp90β, and Grp94, respectively.

Radicicol is an inhibitor of Hsp90 with an IC₅₀ value < 1 μM, and leads to proteasomal degradation. Radicicol exhibits inhibition on PDK with IC₅₀s of 230 μM (PDK1) and 400 μM (PDK3). Radicicol is an antifungal and antimalarial antibiotic, impairs mitochondrial replication by targeting P. falciparum topoisomerase VIB. Radicicol is also an inhibitor of fat mass and obesity-associated protein (FTO), with an IC₅₀ value of 16.04 μM.

XL888 is a potent and orally active HSP90 inhibitor with an IC₅₀ value of 24 nM. XL888 shows anti-proliferation activity and induces Apoptosis. XL888 shows anti-tumor activity.

SNX-2112 (PF 04928473) is an orally active Hsp90 inhibitor, with a K_d of 16 nM for Hsp90 and IC₅₀s of 30 nM, 30 nM for Hsp90 α and Hsp90 β, also induces Her-2 degradation, and inhibits Grp94 and Trap-1, with IC₅₀s of 10 nM, 4.275 μM and 0.862 μM, respectively. SNX-2112 (PF 04928473) binds Hsp90 isoforms Hsp90α, Hsp90β and Hsp90b1/Grp94 with K_ds of 4 nM, 6 nM and 484 nM, respectively.

Grp94 Inhibitor-1 is a potent, selective Grp94 inhibitor with an IC₅₀ value of 2 nM, and over 1000-fold selectivity to Grp94 against Hsp90α.

Retaspimycin Hydrochloride is a potent inhibitor of Hsp90 with EC₅₀s of 119 nM for both Hsp90 and Grp9.

KW-2478 is an HSP90 inhibitor (IC₅₀ = 3.8 nM). KW-2478 inhibits the growth and induces apoptosis in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) cells and liver cancer cells. KW-2478 weakens the BCR/ABL and MAPK signaling pathways, leading to increased p27 and p21 expression and decreased cyclin B1 expression. KW-2478 downregulates STAT3 expression. KW-2478 may be used in research on cancers such as CML and liver cancer.

Dihydroberberine is a naturally occurring isoquinoline alkaloid with anti-inflammatory, anti-atherosclerotic, hypolipidemic and anti-tumor activities. Dihydroberberine inhibits the human ether-related gene (hERG) channel and significantly reduces the expression of heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) and its interaction with hERG. Dihydroberberine also blocks the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway to reduce pro-inflammatory cytokines and immunoglobulins, and has inhibitory effects on DSS (HY-116282C)-induced experimental colitis. Dihydroberberine also increases the sensitivity of lung cancer to sunitinib (HY-10255A), with synergistic efficacy.