Cat. No.: HY-10215

Luminespib

(Synonyms: VER-52296; AUY922; NVP-AUY922)

26 Cited Publications

Customer Review

Based on 26 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Luminespib (VER-52296) is a potent HSP90 inhibitor with IC₅₀s of 7.8 and 21 nM for HSP90α and HSP90β, respectively.

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

Purity: 99.40%
CAS No.: 747412-49-3
Formula: C₂₆H₃₁N₃O₅
Molecular Weight:465.54

Storage:

Powder -20°C, 3 years , 4°C, 2 years ; In solvent -80°C, 1 year , -20°C, 6 months

Luminespib Chemical Structure

CAS No.: 747412-49-3

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Biological Activity
- Description
- IC₅₀ & Target
- Cellular Effect
- In Vitro
- In Vivo
- Clinical Trial
Chemical Information
Publications (26)
Solvent & Solubility
- In Vitro
- In Vivo
Protocol
Purity & Documentation
References
Help & FAQs
Bioz

Biological Activity

Description

Luminespib (VER-52296) is a potent HSP90 inhibitor with IC₅₀s of 7.8 and 21 nM for HSP90α and HSP90β, respectively^[1].

IC₅₀ & Target^[1]

HSP90α

7.8 nM (IC₅₀)

HSP90β

21 nM (IC₅₀)

GRP94

535 nM (IC₅₀)

TRAP-1

85 nM (IC₅₀)

All HSP Isoforms :

Cellular Effect

Cell Line	Type	Value	Description	References
A2780	IC₅₀	0.001 μM Compound: NVP-AUY922	Antiproliferative activity against human A2780 cells after 72 hrs Antiproliferative activity against human A2780 cells after 72 hrs	[PMID: 24980703]
A2780	IC₅₀	0.006 μM Compound: NVP	Cytotoxicity against human A2780 cells assessed as cell growth inhibition Cytotoxicity against human A2780 cells assessed as cell growth inhibition	[PMID: 32305165]
A549	GI₅₀	0.01 μM Compound: 1; AUY-922	Antiproliferative activity against human A549 cells measured after 48 hrs by SRB assay Antiproliferative activity against human A549 cells measured after 48 hrs by SRB assay	[PMID: 32683166]
A549	GI₅₀	0.026 μM Compound: NVP-AUY922	Growth inhibition of human A549 cells after 72 hrs by SRB assay Growth inhibition of human A549 cells after 72 hrs by SRB assay	[PMID: 25313505]
A549	IC₅₀	0.0082 μM Compound: NVP-AUY922	Antiproliferative activity against human A549 cells assessed as cell growth inhibition Antiproliferative activity against human A549 cells assessed as cell growth inhibition	[PMID: 26112442]
A549	IC₅₀	39 nM Compound: NVP-AUY922	Antiproliferative activity against human A549 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 72 hrs by SRB assay Antiproliferative activity against human A549 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 72 hrs by SRB assay	[PMID: 32352777]
A549	IC₅₀	60 nM Compound: AUY922	Antiproliferative activity against human A549 cells after 72 hrs by SRB assay Antiproliferative activity against human A549 cells after 72 hrs by SRB assay	[PMID: 29698859]
BT-474	IC₅₀	0.01 μM Compound: NVP-AUY922	Induction of Her2 degradation in human BT474 cells assessed as inhibition of signal by immunocytochemistry Induction of Her2 degradation in human BT474 cells assessed as inhibition of signal by immunocytochemistry	[PMID: 24980703]
BT-474	IC₅₀	0.031 μM Compound: 3, NVP-AUY922	Binding affinity to Hsp90 nucleotide binding domain in human BT474 cells Binding affinity to Hsp90 nucleotide binding domain in human BT474 cells	[PMID: 20608738]
BT-474	IC₅₀	14 nM Compound: AUY922	Antiproliferative activity against human BT474 cells after 72 hrs by SRB assay Antiproliferative activity against human BT474 cells after 72 hrs by SRB assay	[PMID: 29698859]
CAPAN-1	IC₅₀	657 nM Compound: NVP-AUY922	Antiproliferative activity against human Capan1 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 72 hrs by SRB assay Antiproliferative activity against human Capan1 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 72 hrs by SRB assay	[PMID: 32352777]
DU-145	GI₅₀	0.005 μM Compound: 40f, VER-52296, NVP-AUY922	Growth inhibition of human DU145 cells by SRB assay Growth inhibition of human DU145 cells by SRB assay	[PMID: 18020435]
DU-145	IC₅₀	0.0047 μM Compound: NVP-AUY922	Antiproliferative activity against human DU145 cells assessed as cell growth inhibition Antiproliferative activity against human DU145 cells assessed as cell growth inhibition	[PMID: 26112442]
DU-145	IC₅₀	21 nM Compound: AUY922	Antiproliferative activity against human DU145 cells after 72 hrs by SRB assay Antiproliferative activity against human DU145 cells after 72 hrs by SRB assay	[PMID: 29698859]
EBC-1	IC₅₀	13 nM Compound: AUY922	Antiproliferative activity against human EBC1 cells after 72 hrs by SRB assay Antiproliferative activity against human EBC1 cells after 72 hrs by SRB assay	[PMID: 29698859]
Fibroblast	CC₅₀	0.008 μM Compound: 2, AUY-922	Cytotoxicity against Huntington's disease patient derived fibroblasts after 48 hrs by CellTiter Glo assay Cytotoxicity against Huntington's disease patient derived fibroblasts after 48 hrs by CellTiter Glo assay	[PMID: 24673104]
HCC827	IC₅₀	7 nM Compound: 7; NVP-AUY922	Cytotoxicity against gefitinib-resistant human HCC827 cells assessed as inhibition of cell proliferation by MTS assay Cytotoxicity against gefitinib-resistant human HCC827 cells assessed as inhibition of cell proliferation by MTS assay	[PMID: 26844689]
HCT-116	GI₅₀	0.016 μM Compound: 40f, VER-52296, NVP-AUY922	Growth inhibition of human HCT116 cells after 24 hrs by SRB assay Growth inhibition of human HCT116 cells after 24 hrs by SRB assay	[PMID: 18020435]
HCT-116	GI₅₀	16 nM Compound: 45, VER-52296/NVP-AUY922	Antiproliferative against human HCT116 cells Antiproliferative against human HCT116 cells	[PMID: 19017562]
HCT-116	GI₅₀	16 nM Compound: 7; NVP-AUY922	Antiproliferative activity against human HCT-116 cells assessed as cell growth inhibition incubated for 24 hrs by SRB assay Antiproliferative activity against human HCT-116 cells assessed as cell growth inhibition incubated for 24 hrs by SRB assay	[PMID: 38215028]
HCT-116	IC₅₀	0.02 μM Compound: NVP	Cytotoxicity against human HCT116 cells assessed as cell growth inhibition Cytotoxicity against human HCT116 cells assessed as cell growth inhibition	[PMID: 32305165]
HCT-116	IC₅₀	121 nM Compound: NVP-AUY922	Antiproliferative activity against human HCT116 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 72 hrs by SRB assay Antiproliferative activity against human HCT116 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 72 hrs by SRB assay	[PMID: 32352777]
HCT-116	IC₅₀	16 nM Compound: AUY922	Antiproliferative activity against human HCT116 cells after 72 hrs by SRB assay Antiproliferative activity against human HCT116 cells after 72 hrs by SRB assay	[PMID: 29698859]
HeLa	IC₅₀	0.0077 μM Compound: NVP-AUY922	Antiproliferative activity against human HeLa cells assessed as cell growth inhibition Antiproliferative activity against human HeLa cells assessed as cell growth inhibition	[PMID: 26112442]
J82	IC₅₀	5.2 μM Compound: AUY922	Antiproliferative activity against human J82 cells assessed as inhibition of cell proliferation by CCK8 assay Antiproliferative activity against human J82 cells assessed as inhibition of cell proliferation by CCK8 assay	[PMID: 35987020]
K562	IC₅₀	0.0087 μM Compound: NVP-AUY922	Antiproliferative activity against human K562 cells assessed as cell growth inhibition Antiproliferative activity against human K562 cells assessed as cell growth inhibition	[PMID: 26112442]
L02	IC₅₀	1364 nM Compound: NVP-AUY922	Cytotoxicity agains human HL7702 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 72 hrs by SRB assay Cytotoxicity agains human HL7702 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 72 hrs by SRB assay	[PMID: 32352777]
MCF7	EC₅₀	7 nM Compound: 5, NVP-AUY922	Inhibition of HSP90alpha in human MCF7 cells assessed as degradation of Her-2 Inhibition of HSP90alpha in human MCF7 cells assessed as degradation of Her-2	[PMID: 22938030]
MCF7	IC₅₀	0.0064 μM Compound: NVP-AUY922	Antiproliferative activity against human MCF7 cells assessed as cell growth inhibition Antiproliferative activity against human MCF7 cells assessed as cell growth inhibition	[PMID: 26112442]
MCF7	IC₅₀	7 nM Compound: 7, NVP-AUY922	Inhibition of HSP90-mediated client protein HER2 degradation in human MCF7 cells Inhibition of HSP90-mediated client protein HER2 degradation in human MCF7 cells	[PMID: 20055425]
MDA-MB-231	IC₅₀	21 nM Compound: AUY922	Antiproliferative activity against human MDA-MB-231 cells after 72 hrs by SRB assay Antiproliferative activity against human MDA-MB-231 cells after 72 hrs by SRB assay	[PMID: 29698859]
MIA PaCa-2	IC₅₀	38 nM Compound: NVP-AUY922	Antiproliferative activity against human MIAPaCa2 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 72 hrs by SRB assay Antiproliferative activity against human MIAPaCa2 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 72 hrs by SRB assay	[PMID: 32352777]
NCI-H1975	GI₅₀	0.02 μM Compound: 1; AUY-922	Antiproliferative activity against human NCI-H1975 cells measured after 48 hrs by SRB assay Antiproliferative activity against human NCI-H1975 cells measured after 48 hrs by SRB assay	[PMID: 32683166]
NCI-H3122	IC₅₀	0.014 μM Compound: 3; AUY922	Antiproliferative activity against human NCI-H3122 cells after 72 hrs by SRB assay Antiproliferative activity against human NCI-H3122 cells after 72 hrs by SRB assay	[PMID: 27688186]
NCI-H3122	IC₅₀	12.4 nM Compound: AUY922	Antiproliferative activity against human NCI-H3122 cells after 72 hrs by SRB assay Antiproliferative activity against human NCI-H3122 cells after 72 hrs by SRB assay	[PMID: 29698859]
NCI-H460	GI₅₀	0.03 μM Compound: 1; AUY-922	Antiproliferative activity against human NCI-H460 cells measured after 48 hrs by SRB assay Antiproliferative activity against human NCI-H460 cells measured after 48 hrs by SRB assay	[PMID: 32683166]
NCI-H460	IC₅₀	0.0024 μM Compound: 10, VER-52296/NVP-AUY922	Cytotoxicity against human NCI-H460 after 72 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay Cytotoxicity against human NCI-H460 after 72 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay	[PMID: 22066525]
NCI-H460	IC₅₀	0.0024 μM Compound: 5, NVP-AUY922	Cytotoxicity against human NCI-H460 cells assessed as growth inhibition after 72 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay Cytotoxicity against human NCI-H460 cells assessed as growth inhibition after 72 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay	[PMID: 24565573]
NCI-H460	IC₅₀	2.4 nM Compound: NVP-AUY922	Cytotoxicity against human NCI-H460 cells assessed as growth inhibition after 72 hrs by SRB assay Cytotoxicity against human NCI-H460 cells assessed as growth inhibition after 72 hrs by SRB assay	[PMID: 24588105]
NCI-H460	IC₅₀	23 nM Compound: AUY922	Antiproliferative activity against human NCI-H460 cells after 72 hrs by SRB assay Antiproliferative activity against human NCI-H460 cells after 72 hrs by SRB assay	[PMID: 29698859]
NCI-N87	IC₅₀	83 nM Compound: AUY922	Antiproliferative activity against human NCI-N87 cells after 72 hrs by SRB assay Antiproliferative activity against human NCI-N87 cells after 72 hrs by SRB assay	[PMID: 29698859]
PC-3M	GI₅₀	0.006 μM Compound: 40f, VER-52296, NVP-AUY922	Growth inhibition of human PC3M cells by SRB assay Growth inhibition of human PC3M cells by SRB assay	[PMID: 18020435]
SF-268	GI₅₀	0.006 μM Compound: 40f, VER-52296, NVP-AUY922	Growth inhibition of human SF268 cells by SRB assay Growth inhibition of human SF268 cells by SRB assay	[PMID: 18020435]
Sf9	IC₅₀	8 nM Compound: NVP-AUY922	Displacement of GM-BODIPY from human full length HSP90 alpha expressed in baculovirus-infected Sf9 cells after 16 hrs by fluorescence polarization assay Displacement of GM-BODIPY from human full length HSP90 alpha expressed in baculovirus-infected Sf9 cells after 16 hrs by fluorescence polarization assay	[PMID: 24751441]
SK-MEL-28	GI₅₀	0.005 μM Compound: 40f, VER-52296, NVP-AUY922	Growth inhibition of human SKMel28 cells by SRB assay Growth inhibition of human SKMel28 cells by SRB assay	[PMID: 18020435]
SW780	IC₅₀	3.95 μM Compound: AUY922	Antiproliferative activity against human SW780 cells assessed as inhibition of cell proliferation by CCK8 assay Antiproliferative activity against human SW780 cells assessed as inhibition of cell proliferation by CCK8 assay	[PMID: 35987020]
T-24	IC₅₀	4.93 μM Compound: AUY922	Antiproliferative activity against human T24 cells assessed as inhibition of cell proliferation by CCK8 assay Antiproliferative activity against human T24 cells assessed as inhibition of cell proliferation by CCK8 assay	[PMID: 35987020]
U-87MG ATCC	GI₅₀	0.008 μM Compound: 40f, VER-52296, NVP-AUY922	Growth inhibition of human U87MG cells by SRB assay Growth inhibition of human U87MG cells by SRB assay	[PMID: 18020435]
U-87MG ATCC	IC₅₀	31 nM Compound: AUY922	Antiproliferative activity against human U87MG cells after 72 hrs by SRB assay Antiproliferative activity against human U87MG cells after 72 hrs by SRB assay	[PMID: 29698859]

In Vitro

Luminespib is a potent and selective HSP90 inhibitor, with IC₅₀s and K_is of 21 ± 16, 8.2 ± 0.7 nM against HSP90β and of 7.8 ± 1.8, 9.0 ± 5.0 nM for HSP90α. Luminespib shows weak activity against GRP94 and TRAP-1 wich IC₅₀s of 535 ± 51 nM (K_i, 108 nM) and 85 ± 8 nM (K_i, 53 nM), respectively. Luminespib exhibits inhibitory effect on proliferation of various human tumor cell lines (2.3-49.6 nM), induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis and depletes client proteins in human cancer cells (80 nM)^[1]. Luminespib (100 nM) significantly reduces CD40L fibroblast-induced changes in immunophenotype and STAT3 signaling but with no effect on the viability of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) cells. Luminespib (500 nM) in combination with NSC 118218 more effectively induces apoptosis in cells in co-culture than either drug alone, and overcomes fibroblast-derived resistance to Hsp90 inhibitor^[2]. Luminespib shows great inhibition of pancreatic cancer cells with IC₅₀ of at 10 nM. Luminespib (10 nM) reduces the expression and the epidermal growth factor (EGF)-mediated activation of EGFR and substantially disrupts EGF signaling in terms of diminishing downstream phosphorylation of ERK^{Thr202/Tyr204}. Luminespib (10 nM) significantly blocks pancreatic cancer cell migration and invasion both in the absence and presence of EGF^[3].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

In Vivo

Luminespib (50, 75 mg/kg, i.p.) significantly inhibits tumor growth rate, reducing the mean weights of tumors on day 11 in human tumor xenografts^[2]. Luminespib (50 mg/kg/week, 3×25 mg/kg/week) significantly reduces tumor growth rates and lowers tumor weights in the L3.6pl pancreatic cancer cell-bearing mice model^[3].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Clinical Trial

NCT Number	Sponsor	Condition	Start Date	Phase A549
NCT01329991	Plexxikon\|		2011-05	PHASE1

Chemical Information

CAS No. 747412-49-3
Appearance Solid
Molecular Weight 465.54
Formula C₂₆H₃₁N₃O₅
Color Off-white to light yellow
SMILES

O=C(C1=NOC(C2=CC(C(C)C)=C(O)C=C2O)=C1C3=CC=C(CN4CCOCC4)C=C3)NCC
Synonyms

VER-52296; AUY922; NVP-AUY922
Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

Storage

Powder	-20°C	3 years
	4°C	2 years
In solvent	-80°C	1 year
	-20°C	6 months

Publications (26)

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Journal Impact Factor

Blood

Targeting HSP90 dimerization via the C terminus is effective in imatinib-resistant CML and lacks the heat shock response. [Abstract]

2018 Jul 19;132(3):307-320. PMID: 29724897

Luminespib purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Blood. 2018 Jul 19;132(3):307-320. [Abstract]

K562, KCL22 and HL60 are treated with the indicated (cytotoxic) concentration of Amidopyrine (AX) and AUY922 for 48h and later protein lysates are subjected to immunoblot analysis.
Nat Commun

Human iPSC-based Modeling of Pulmonary Fibrosis Reveals p300/CBP Inhibition Suppresses Alveolar Transitional Cell State. [Abstract]

2026 Feb 12;17(1):1214. PMID: 41680175
Nat Commun

Identification of HSP90 inhibitors as a novel class of senolytics. [Abstract]

2017 Sep 4;8(1):422. PMID: 28871086
Leukemia

Targeting nuclear β-catenin as therapy for post-myeloproliferative neoplasm secondary AML. [Abstract]

2019 Jun;33(6):1373-1386. PMID: 30575820
J Biomed Sci

AUY922 induces retinal toxicity through attenuating TRPM1. [Abstract]

2021 Jul 23;28(1):55. PMID: 34301262
Pharmacol Res

Destabilization of ROR1 enhances activity of Ibrutinib against chronic lymphocytic leukemia in vivo. [Abstract]

2020 Jan;151:104512. PMID: 31726100
Clin Cancer Res

Colorectal Cancer Consensus Molecular Subtypes Translated to Preclinical Models Uncover Potentially Targetable Cancer Cell Dependencies. [Abstract]

2018 Feb 15;24(4):794-806. PMID: 29242316

Luminespib purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Clin Cancer Res. 2018 Feb 15;24(4):794-806. [Abstract]

HSP90 inhibition with Luminespib or Ganetespib treatment at 50 and 100 nM for 24 hours in three CMS4 cell lines with response to HSP90 inhibition (CACO2, LIM2099 and SW480) confirmed up-regulation of HSP70 and HSP40 at the protein level in treated versus untreated control cells (western blotting).
Cancer Lett

HSP90 inhibitor AUY922 suppresses tumor growth and modulates immune response through YAP1-TEAD pathway inhibition in gastric cancer. [Abstract]

2024 Nov 25:217354. PMID: 39603381
NPJ Precis Oncol

Functional screening identifies kinesin spindle protein inhibitor filanesib as a potential treatment option for hepatoblastoma. [Abstract]

2025 Apr 25;9(1):122. PMID: 40281281
Cell Rep

Gut microbiota-bile acid crosstalk contributes to calcium oxalate nephropathy through Hsp90α-mediated ferroptosis. [Abstract]

2025 Jun 30;44(7):115936. PMID: 40591459
Cancer Cell Int

Construction of a prognostic model with histone modification-related genes and identification of potential drugs in pancreatic cancer. [Abstract]

2021 Jun 5;21(1):291. PMID: 34090418
Eur J Med Chem

HSP90/LSD1 dual inhibitors against prostate cancer as well as patient-derived colorectal organoids. [Abstract]

2024 Aug 28:278:116801. PMID: 39241481
Biochem Pharmacol

Abrogation of PDE7A ameliorates alveolar epithelial EMT-Driven pulmonary fibrosis. [Abstract]

2026 May:247:117785. PMID: 41679664
J Chem Theory Comput

Estimation of Drug-Target Residence Times by τ-Random Acceleration Molecular Dynamics Simulations. [Abstract]

2018 Jul 10;14(7):3859-3869. PMID: 29768913
Int J Mol Sci

Effects of a Unique Combination of the Whole-Body Low Dose Radiotherapy with Inactivation of Two Immune Checkpoints and/or a Heat Shock Protein on the Transplantable Lung Cancer in Mice. [Abstract]

2021 Jun 11;22(12):6309. PMID: 34208396
Nanomedicine

Nanotechnology-based reformulation of AUY922 mitigates retinal toxicity and retains potent anti-tumor activity. [Abstract]

2026 May 13:102957. PMID: 42134612
Cancers (Basel)

Novel Small Molecule Hsp90/Cdc37 Interface Inhibitors Indirectly Target K-Ras-Signaling. [Abstract]

2021 Feb 23;13(4):927. PMID: 33672199
J Biol Chem

Functional Maturation of Cytochromes P4503A4 and 2D6 Relies on GAPDH- and Hsp90-Dependent Heme Allocation. [Abstract]

2024 Feb;300(2):105633. PMID: 38199567
Bioengineering (Basel)

Precision Oncology for High-Grade Gliomas: A Tumor Organoid Model for Adjuvant Treatment Selection. [Abstract]

2025 Oct 19;12(10):1121. PMID: 41155119
Viruses

Deep Transfer Learning Approach for Automatic Recognition of Drug Toxicity and Inhibition of SARS-CoV-2. [Abstract]

2021 Apr 2;13(4):610. PMID: 33918368
Am J Cancer Res

The small-molecule drug homoharringtonine targets HSF1 to suppress pancreatic cancer progression. [Abstract]

2024 May 15;14(5):2072-2087. PMID: 38859866
SLAS Discov

Medium-Throughput Detection of Hsp90/Cdc37 Protein-Protein Interaction Inhibitors Using a Split Renilla Luciferase-Based Assay. [Abstract]

2020 Feb;25(2):195-206. PMID: 31662027
Stem Cell Res

Primary cilium-associated genes mediate bone marrow stromal cell response to hypoxia. [Abstract]

2014 Sep;13(2):284-99. PMID: 25171775

Luminespib purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Stem Cell Res. 2014 Sep;13(2):284-99. [Abstract]

HSP90 inhibition affects ciliation. 24 h treatment with 100 nM AUY922 significantly affects ciliation, under 20% (left) O₂ tension but not 5% O₂ tension (right).
SSRN

2025 Feb 7.
bioRxiv

2024 Jul 25.
Cold Spring Harb Mol Case Stud

Case report for an adolescent with germline RET mutation and alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma. [Abstract]

2020 Jun 12;6(3):a004853. PMID: 32532875

Solvent & Solubility

In Vitro:

DMSO : ≥ 62 mg/mL (133.18 mM; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

* "≥" means soluble, but saturation unknown.

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Preparing Stock Solutions

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Concentration Solvent Mass

1 mg

5 mg

10 mg

Concentration

Solvent

Mass

1 mM

2.1480 mL

10.7402 mL

21.4804 mL

5 mM

0.4296 mL

2.1480 mL

4.2961 mL

10 mM

0.2148 mL

1.0740 mL

2.1480 mL

Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.

Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 1 year; -20°C, 6 months. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 1 year. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 6 months.

Molarity Calculator

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

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In Vivo:

Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

Stock Solution Working Solution

For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for In Vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

Protocol 1

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 45% Saline