2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Apoptosis
  4. MDM-2/p53

MDM-2/p53

MDM-2/p53

Related Products

PDF 0.55 MB

The p53 tumor suppressor is a principal mediator of growth arrest, senescence, and apoptosis in response to a broad array of cellular damage. p53 is a short-lived protein that is maintained at low, often undetectable, levels in normal cells. Under stress conditions, the p53 protein accumulates in the cell, binds in its tetrameric form to p53-response elements and induces the transcription of various genes.

MDM-2 is transcriptionally activated by p53 and MDM-2, in turn, inhibits p53 activity in several ways. MDM-2 binds to the p53 transactivation domain and thereby inhibits p53-mediated transactivation. MDM-2 also contains a signal sequence that is similar to the nuclear export signal of various viral proteins and, after binding to p53, it induces its nuclear export. As p53 is a transcription factor, it needs to be in the nucleus to be able to access the DNA; its transport to the cytoplasm by MDM-2 prevents this. Finally, MDM-2 is a ubiquitin ligase, so is able to target p53 for degradation by the proteasome.

In many tumors p53 is inactivated by the overexpression of the negative regulators MDM2 and MDM4 or by the loss of activity of the MDM2 inhibitor ARF. The pathway can be reactivated in these tumors by small molecules that inhibit the interaction of MDM2 and/or MDM4 with p53. Such molecules are now in clinical trials.

Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-108640A
    HLI373 dihydrochloride
    		MDM2 Inhibitor 98.5%
    HLI373 dihydrochloride is an efficacious Hdm2 inhibitor. HLI373 dihydrochloride inhibits the ubiquitin ligase activity of Hdm2. HLI373 dihydrochloride is effective in inducing apoptosis of several tumor cells that are sensitive to DNA-damaging agents. Antimalarial activity.
    HLI373 dihydrochloride
  • HY-12310
    RSC133
    		Inhibitor 98.45%
    RSC133 is a dual inhibitor of DNA methyltransferase 1 and histone deacetylase 1 inhibitor. RSC133 promotes cell proliferation, up-regulates H3K9 histone acetylation, down-regulates p53, p21, p16/INK4A, and ablates pro-senescence phenotypes.
    RSC133
  • HY-W009300S
    4-Hydroxyestrone-d4
    		99.35%
    4-Hydroxyestrone (4-OHE1)-d4 is the deuterium labeled 4-Hydroxyestrone (HY-W009300). 4-Hydroxyestrone is a brain-penetrant estrogen metabolite. 4-Hydroxyestrone shows neuroprotective effects involving increased cytoplasmic localization of p53 resulting from SIRT1-mediated p53 deacetylation. 4-Hydroxyestrone relies on PDI to mediate its protective effect against chemically induced ferroptosis in estrogen receptor-negative cancer cells. 4-Hydroxyestrone inhibits lipid peroxidation and lipid-ROS accumulation. 4-Hydroxyestrone blocks preovulatory luteinizing hormone surges in Rattus norvegicus. 4-Hydroxyestrone can be used for the researches of neurodegeneration, breast cancer and endocrine disease.
    4-Hydroxyestrone-d<sub>4</sub>
  • HY-138054
    Cjoc42
    		99.0%
    Cjoc42 is a compound capable of binding to gankyrin. Cjoc42 inhibits gankyrin activity in a dose-dependent manner. Cjoc42 prevents the decrease in p53 protein levels normally associated with high amounts of gankyrin. Cjoc42 restores p53-dependent transcription and sensitivity to DNA damage.
    Cjoc42
  • HY-108636
    RETRA
    		p53 Activator 99.42%
    RETRA is a RIPK1/RIPK3/MLKL and p73 activator. RETRA mediates plasma membrane disruption, induces ROS accumulation, triggers early mitochondrial hyperpolarization, and synergistically drives necroptosis. RETRA inhibits cancer cells carrying mutant p53 via a p73-dependent salvage pathway. RETRA can be used in research related to cervical cancer and cancers with mutant p53.
    RETRA
  • HY-P3509A
    PNC-28 acetate
    		98.79%
    PNC-28 acetate is a peptide from the mdm-2-binding domain (residues 17–26) of the p53 protein which contains a membrane crossing-penetratin sequence. PNC-28 acetate can be used for pancreatic cancer research.
    PNC-28 acetate
  • HY-P1755F
    p53 (17-26), FITC labeled
    		98.31%
    p53 (17-26), FITC labeled is a biological active peptide. p53 (17-26) is a peptide derived from the P53 MDM2 binding domain, with a Kd of 50 nM for MDM2. p53 (17-26) causes cell lysis by damaging cancer cells and nuclear membranes, and induces cancer cell necrosis. p53 (17-26) exhibits antitumor activity and is applicable to research related to pancreatic cancer.
    p53 (17-26), FITC labeled
  • HY-U00447
    PK11000
    		p53 Activator 99.56%
    PK11000 is an alkylating agent, and stabilizes the DNA-binding domain of both WT and mutant p53 proteins by covalent cysteine modification without compromising DNA binding. PK11000 has anti-tumor activities.
    PK11000
  • HY-10412
    CEP-1347
    		p53 Activator 98.50%
    CEP-1347 is an inhibitor of the JNK/SAPK pathway with neuroprotective effects. CEP-1347 blocks JNK1 activation induced by members of the mixed lineage kinase (MLK) family (MLK3, MLK2, MLK1, dual leucine zipper kinase, and leucine zipper kinase). As an inhibitor of MDM4, CEP-1347 can more effectively inhibit the growth of glioma cells expressing wild-type p53.
    CEP-1347
  • HY-W004702R
    Methyl methanesulfonate (Standard)
    		p53 Activator
    Methyl methanesulfonate (Standard) is the analytical standard of Methyl methanesulfonate (HY-W004702). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Methyl methanesulfonate is an alkylating agent which transfers methyl groups, and induces DNA damage. Methyl methanesulfonate is a biochemical reagent that can be used as a biological material or organic compound for life science related research.
    Methyl methanesulfonate (Standard)
  • HY-W340313
    p53-MDM2-IN-4
    		Inhibitor 99.79%
    p53-MDM2-IN-4 (Example 4) is an inhibitor of p53-MDM2/X protein interaction, with a Ki value of 3.079 μM. p53-MDM2-IN-4 can be used in anti-tumor research.
    p53-MDM2-IN-4
  • HY-128840
    PROTAC MDM2 Degrader-1
    		MDM2 Inhibitor 98.11%
    PROTAC MDM2 Degrader-1 (Compound 15a) is a MDM2 PROTAC degrader. The structures of both Linker ends of PROTAC MDM2 Degrader-1 are MDM2 ligands. PROTAC MDM2 Degrader-1 can not only block the binding of p53-MDM2, but also degrade the target MDM2 protein by utilizing the function of the E3 ligase of MDM2 itself, thus exerting an anti-tumor effect. (Pink: MDM2 ligand 2 (HY-128836); Black: Linker (HY-128844); Blue: E3 ligase Ligand 15 (HY-128836))
    PROTAC MDM2 Degrader-1
  • HY-145937
    PK9327
    		Modulator 98.07%
    PK9327 is a small-molecule stabilizer targeting cavity-creating p53 cancer mutations.
    PK9327
  • HY-145759
    Mutant p53 modulator-1
    		Modulator 99.89%
    Mutant p53 modulator-1 is a mutant p53 modulator. Mutant p53 modulator-1 reduces the progression of cancers that contain a p53 mutation (extracted from patent WO2021231474A1, compound 231B).
    Mutant p53 modulator-1
  • HY-173177
    PSF-IN-2
    		Activator 99.85%
    PSF-IN-2 (Compound (C)-30) is a PSF inhibitor with an IC50 value of 0.005 pM. PSF-IN-2 exhibits anti-cancer activity, and its IC50 value for inhibiting the proliferation of 22Rv1 cells is 0.5 μM. PSF-IN-2 activates the p53 signaling pathway by inhibiting the binding of PSF to RNA, inducing the expression of related genes, promoting apoptosis, and inhibiting the cell cycle. PSF-IN-2 can be used in cancer research.
    PSF-IN-2
  • HY-163357
    CDK2/MDM2-IN-1
    		Inhibitor 98.07%
    CDK2/MDM2-IN-1 (III-13) is a dual inhibitor of CDK2/MDM2 with an IC50 value of 2.60 nM for CDK2. CDK2/MDM2-IN-1 has antitumor activity.
    CDK2/MDM2-IN-1
  • HY-156967
    BAY 1892005
    		Modulator 99.44%
    BAY 1892005 is a regulator of p53 protein and acts on p53 condensates without causing mutant p53 reactivation.
    BAY 1892005
  • HY-128553
    Antineoplaston A10
    		Activator 99.84%
    Antineoplaston A10 is an antineoplaston that inhibits the growth of human hepatoma cells by inducing apoptosis. Antineoplaston A10 can be used in the study of liver cancer and breast cancer.
    Antineoplaston A10
  • HY-N1423B
    Glycocholic acid hydrate
    		Activator
    Glycocholic acid hydrate is a bile acid derivative. Glycocholic acid hydrate downregulates MDR1, Bcl-2, MRP1, MRP2 and FXR, upregulates Bax, p53, caspase-9, caspase-3, TGR5 and S1PR2. Glycocholic acid hydrate inhibits multidrug resistance and efflux pumps, induces mitochondrial apoptosis, and enhances chemosensitivity. Glycocholic acid hydrate modulates related bile acid receptor signaling. Glycocholic acid hydrate suppresses growth and conjugation of Enterobacteriaceae and increases their antibiotic susceptibility. Glycocholic acid hydrate can be used for the research of colon adenocarcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma (CCA).
    Glycocholic acid hydrate
  • HY-W034419
    STIMA-1
    		p53 Activator 98.40%
    STIMA-1 can stimulate mutant p53 DNA binding in vitro and induce expression of p53 target proteins and trigger apoptosis in mutant p53-expressing human tumor cells.
    STIMA-1
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity
All Rights Reserved.
Download MDM-2/p53 Signaling Pathway Map.

p53 is at the centre of biological interactions that translates stress signals into cell cycle arrest or apoptosis. Upstream signaling to p53 increases its level and activates its function as a transcription factor in response to a wide variety of stresses, whereas downstream components execute the appropriate cellular response. 

 

Cell Stress: p53 induction by acute DNA damage begins when DNA double-strand breaks trigger activation of ATM, a kinase that phosphorylates the CHK2 kinase, or when stalled or collapsed DNA replication forks recruit ATR, which phosphorylates CHK1. p53 is a substrate for both the ATM and ATR kinases, as well as for CHK1 and CHK2, which coordinately phosphorylate p53 to promote its stabilization. These phosphorylation events are important for p53 stabilization, as some of the modifications disrupt the interaction between p53 and its negative regulators MDM2 and MDM4. MDM2 and MDM4 bind to the transcriptional activation domains of p53, thereby inhibiting p53 transactivation function, and MDM2 has additional activity as an E3 ubiquitin ligase that causes proteasome-mediated degradation of p53. Phosphorylation also allows the interaction of p53 with transcriptional cofactors, which is ultimately important for activation of target genes and for responses such as cell cycle arrest, DNA repair, apoptosis and senescence. Non-receptor tyrosine kinase c-Abl can also be activated by DNA damage. Then the JNK/p38 is activated and leads to p53 activation[1][2]. 

 

Oncogenic signaling: The response to oncogene activation depends on the binding of ARF to MDM2. ARF is normally expressed at low levels in cells. Inappropriately increased E2F or Myc signals, stemming from oncogene activation, leads to the increased expression of ARF, which inhibits MDM2 by blocking its E3 ubiquitin ligase activity, uncoupling the p53-MDM2 interaction, thereby segregating it from nucleoplasmic p53[3].

 

The PI3K-Akt pathway activates MDM2 and increases the ubiquitination of p53. 

 

Reference:
[1]. Chène P, et al. Inhibiting the p53-MDM2 interaction: an important target for cancer therapy. Nat Rev Cancer. 2003 Feb;3(2):102-9.
[2]. Brown CJ, et al. Awakening guardian angels: drugging the p53 pathway. Nat Rev Cancer. 2009 Dec;9(12):862-73. 
[3]. Polager S, et al. p53 and E2f: partners in life and death. Nat Rev Cancer. 2009 Oct;9(10):738-48. doi: 10.1038/nrc2718.