2. Vías de señalización
  3. Immunology/Inflammation
  4. Toll-like Receptor (TLR)
  5. TLR3 Isoform

TLR3

TLR3 (Toll-like receptor 3) is a pattern-recognition receptor of the innate immune system that detects viral double-stranded RNA (dsRNA), a conserved molecular signature generated during many viral infections[1][2]. TLR3 engagement by dsRNA initiates signaling that activates NF-κB, induces type I interferons, and promotes inflammatory cytokine production, thereby establishing antiviral innate immune responses[1][3]. Mechanistically, TLR3 recognizes dsRNA through its extracellular leucine-rich repeat domain and forms ligand-induced dimers and higher-order multimeric complexes along dsRNA, which enhance signal transduction efficiency[2][4]. TLR3 predominantly senses extracellular or endosomal dsRNA derived from virus-infected cells, damaged tissues, or synthetic dsRNA analogs, linking pathogen recognition to host defense programs[5][6]. In disease and experimental models, TLR3 signaling contributes to antiviral immunity and serves as a widely used pathway for investigating innate immune activation and interferon-mediated responses[1][5]. Compared with related nucleic acid-sensing Toll-like receptors such as TLR7 and TLR8, which primarily recognize single-stranded RNA, TLR3 is distinguished by its selective recognition of dsRNA and its specialized role in antiviral sensing[3][7]. For experimental applications, the synthetic dsRNA analog poly(I:C) is a well-established TLR3 agonist that induces interferon production, inflammatory cytokines, and dendritic cell maturation, making it a valuable tool for mechanistic studies of innate immunity and immune modulation[1][8].

Cat. No. Nom du produit Effet Pureté
  • HY-135748
    Polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid sodium
    		Agonist 99.40%
    Polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (Poly(I:C)) sodium is a synthetic analog of double-stranded RNA and an agonist of toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) and retinoic acid inducible gene I (RIG-I)-like receptors (RIG-I and MDA5). Polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid sodium can be used as a vaccine adjuvant to enhance innate and adaptive immune responses, and to alter the tumor microenvironment. Polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid sodium can directly trigger cancer cells to undergo apoptosis.
  • HY-108473
    CU-CPT 4a
    		Inhibitor 99.50%
    CU-CPT 4a (TLR3-IN-1) is a potent, highly selective TLR3 signaling inhibitor. CU-CPT 4a represses the expression of downstream signaling pathways mediated by the TLR3/dsRNA complex, including TNF-α and IL-1β.
  • HY-18325
    AN-3485
    		Inhibitor
    AN-3485 is a benzoxaborole analogue and an orally active antagonist of the Toll-like pathway. AN-3485 can inhibit TLR-mediated inflammatory cytokine secretion and has significant anti-inflammatory activity. In addition, AN-3485 also has certain anti-tumor activity.
  • HY-135748A
    Poly (I:C):Kanamycin (1:1) sodium
    		Agonist 99.0%
    Poly (I:C):Kanamycin (1:1) sodium is an isometric complex of Poly (I:C) (HY-135748) and Kanamycin (HY-16566). Poly(I:C) sodium, a synthetic analog of double-stranded RNA, is a TLR3 and retinoic acid-inducible gene I receptor (RIG-I and b>MDA5) agonist. Poly(I:C) sodium can be used as a vaccine adjuvant to enhance innate and adaptive immune responses and induce apoptosis in cancer cells. Kanamycin is an orally active antibacterial agent (Gram-negative/positive bacteria) that inhibits translocation and causes miscoding by binding to the 70S ribosomal subunit. Kanamycin shows good inhibitory activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (susceptible and drug-resistant) and Klebsiella pneumoniae, and can be used in the research of tuberculosis and pneumonia.
  • HY-101929
    CU-CPT17e
    		Agonist 98.67%
    CU-CPT17e is a potent multi-Toll-like receptor (TLR) agonist that activates TLR3, TLR8, and TLR9.
  • HY-183313
    IAV-IN-5
    		Inhibitor
    IAV-IN-5 is an orally active inhibitor of influenza A virus (IAV). IAV-IN-5 inhibits viral replication, blocks virus-induced apoptosis, oxidative stress and cytokine storm, and regulates host immune signaling pathways. IAV-IN-5 reduces viral load and inflammatory cytokine levels in lung tissues of IAV-infected mouse models, alleviates body weight loss and pulmonary pathological damage. IAV-IN-5 can be used in studies related to influenza A virus infection.
  • HY-183079
    ENDO12
    		Inhibitor
    ENDO12 is an inhibitor of the Munc13-4-STX7 protein complex, with a Kd value of 2.7 µM for STX7. ENDO12 blocks the interaction of Munc13-4-STX7. ENDO12 inhibits endolysosomal flux, endolysosomal cargo degradation, the extracellular signal-regulated kinase signaling pathway in neutrophils, the IFN regulatory factor signaling pathway in plasmacytoid dendritic cells, and the responses of primary dendritic cells to TLR3, TLR7, and TLR9. ENDO12 alleviates CpG-induced systemic inflammation by reducing the levels of myeloperoxidase, IL-6 and IFNγ. ENDO12 does not interfere with the host's antiviral response to lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus infection.\nENDO12 can be used in studies related to systemic inflammation.
  • HY-114592
    M199
    		Inhibitor 98.55%
    M199 is a potent TLR3/TLR9 signaling inhibitor. M199 induces secretion of IL-6, IL-8 and TNFα in human PBMCs. M199 is used as a selective inducer of the immune response.
  • HY-176192
    SMU-14a
    		Inhibitor
    SMU-14a is a selective Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) inhibitor wirh an IC50 of 0.18 μM. SMU-14a reduces phosphorylation of p65, ERK, and TBK1 via NF-κB, MAPK, and IRF3 signaling pathways. SMU-14a inhibits IL-6 secretion in mouse peritoneal macrophages, downregulates TNF-α in human peripheral blood monocytes and decreases serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels. SMU-14a can be used for the research of acute hepatitis.
  • HY-134958
    Polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid potassium
    		Agonist
    Polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid potassium (Poly(I:C) potassium) is a synthetic analog of double-stranded RNA and an agonist of toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) and retinoic acid inducible gene I (RIG-I)-like receptors (RIG-I and MDA5). Polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid sodium can be used as a vaccine adjuvant to enhance innate and adaptive immune responses, and to alter the tumor microenvironment. Polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid potassium can directly trigger cancer cells to undergoApoptosis.
  • HY-165632
    Creatine ethyl ester
    		Activator
    Creatine ethyl ester (CEE) is a readily available form of creatine used in supplements. Creatine ethyl ester (CEE) upregulates TLRs (TLR2, 3, 4 and TLR7) over the short-term.
Cat. No. Nom du produit / Synonyms Species Source