Cat. No.: HY-135748

Polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid sodium

Name: Polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid sodium
Brand: MedChemExpress
SKU: HY-135748
Price: 58.00 USD
Availability: InStock
Rating: 5 (71 reviews)

(Synonyms: Poly(I:C) sodium)

71 Cited Publications

Customer Review

Based on 71 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (Poly(I:C)) sodium is a synthetic analog of double-stranded RNA and an agonist of toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) and retinoic acid inducible gene I (RIG-I)-like receptors (RIG-I and MDA5). Polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid sodium can be used as a vaccine adjuvant to enhance innate and adaptive immune responses, and to alter the tumor microenvironment. Polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid sodium can directly trigger cancer cells to undergo apoptosis.

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

Purity: 99.4%
CAS No.: 42424-50-0
Formula: (C₁₀H₁₃N₄O₈P)x.(C₉H₁₄N₃O₈P)x.xNa

Storage:

-20°C, sealed storage, away from moisture

* In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture)

Polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid sodium Chemical Structure

CAS No.: 42424-50-0

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Top Publications Citing

Use of MCE Products

Fluorescent Dye

Strong Fluorescence Signal / Multi-Disciplinary Applications / High Fluorescence Specificity

Biological Activity
- Description
- IC₅₀ & Target
- In Vitro
- In Vivo
Chemical Information
Publications (71)
Solvent & Solubility
- In Vitro
- In Vivo
Purity & Documentation
References
Calculators
Help & FAQs
Classifications
Bioz

Biological Activity

Description

IC₅₀ & Target

MDA5

RIG-I

TLR3

All RIG-I-like receptor (RLR) Isoforms :

RIG-I
MDA5

All Toll-like Receptor (TLR) Isoforms :

In Vitro

Polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (20 ng/mL; 24 hours; WM793, WM278, WM239A, WM9 and 1205Lu cells) treatment strongly reduces viability from 100% in controls to 20%–50% within 24 hours^[1].
Polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (200 ng/mL; 24 hours; 1205Lu cells) treatment induces apoptosis in 1205Lu cells^[1].
Polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (3 ng/mL; 24 hours; 1205Lu cells) treatment induces IFN-β expression in melanoma cells. Silencing of RIG-I and MDA-5 confirmed that induction of IFN-β by Polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid required RIG-I and MDA-5, respectively, and that required IPS-1^[1].
Polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (5 ng/mL; 24 hours; 1205Lu cells) treatment reveals active subunits of caspase-9 and caspase-8 in melanoma cells^[1].
Polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid sodium is prepared for injection by resuspending in sterile saline, heating to 50 °C at a concentration of 2 mg/mL to ensure complete solubilisation and then allowing to cool naturally to room temperature to ensure proper annealing of double-stranded RNA. Polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid is stored at -20 °C until use^[3].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Cell Viability Assay^[1]

Cell Line:

WM793, WM278, WM239A, WM9 and 1205Lu cells
Concentration:

20 ng/mL
Incubation Time:

24 hours
Result:

Strongly reduced viability from 100% in controls to 20%–50% within 24 hours.

Apoptosis Analysis^[1]

Cell Line:

1205Lu cells
Concentration:

200 ng/mL
Incubation Time:

24 hours
Result:

Induced apoptosis in 1205Lu cells.

RT-PCR^[1]

Cell Line:

1205Lu cells
Concentration:

3 ng/mL
Incubation Time:

24 hours
Result:

Induced IFN-β expression in melanoma cells.

Western Blot Analysis^[1]

Cell Line:

1205Lu cells
Concentration:

5 ng/mL
Incubation Time:

24 hours
Result:

Revealed active subunits of caspase-9 and caspase-8 in melanoma cells.

In Vivo

Polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid treatment inhibits tumor growth in NOD/SCID immunodeficient mice injected with 1205Lu cells. The level of human DNA is 50% lower in mice treated with Polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid^[1].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Chemical Information

CAS No. 42424-50-0
Appearance Solid
Formula (C₁₀H₁₃N₄O₈P)x.(C₉H₁₄N₃O₈P)x.xNa
Color White to off-white
SMILES

O[C@H]1[C@@H](O[C@H](COP(O)(O)=O)[C@H]1O)N2C3=C(C(NC=N3)=O)N=C2.O[C@H]4[C@H](N5C(N=C(N)C=C5)=O)O[C@H](COP(O)(O)=O)[C@H]4O.[x].[x].[Na].[x]
Synonyms

Poly(I:C) sodium
Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
Storage

-20°C, sealed storage, away from moisture

* In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture)

Publications (71)

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Journal Impact Factor

Signal Transduct Target Ther

Targeting coronaviral inflammation: aptamer-based strategies for emerging threats. [Abstract]

2026 Feb 13;11(1):54. PMID: 41680122
Signal Transduct Target Ther

Oncolytic adenovirus delivery of neoantigens sensitizes low-mutation tumors to anti-PD-1 therapy and prevents metastasis. [Abstract]

2025 Dec 23;10(1):410. PMID: 41429778
Nature

Radiation-induced amphiregulin drives tumour metastasis. [Abstract]

2025 Jul;643(8072):810-819. PMID: 40369065
Imeta

2026 Feb 24.
Cell Metab

Psoriasis modulates inflammatory bowel disease risk and intestinal epithelium lipid metabolism via IL-1β-producing macrophages. [Abstract]

2026 May 5;38(5):963-980.e12. PMID: 41856104
Immunity

Spatiotemporal dynamics of CXCL10 encode contextual immune information revealed by the genetically encoded fluorescent sensor. [Abstract]

2025 Sep 9;58(9):2320-2335.e9. PMID: 40818452
Nat Cell Biol

Selective translational control by PABPC1 phase separation regulates blast crisis and therapy resistance in chronic myeloid leukaemia. [Abstract]

2025 Apr;27(4):683-695. PMID: 40102686
J Extracell Vesicles

Cancer-Specific RNA Modifications in Tumour-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Promote Tumour Growth. [Abstract]

2025 May;14(5):e70083. PMID: 40326665
Adv Funct Mater

29 August 2022.
Autophagy

Bunyavirus SFTSV NSs utilizes autophagy to escape the antiviral innate immune response. [Abstract]

2024 Oct;20(10):2133-2145. PMID: 38762760

Polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid sodium purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Autophagy. 2024 Oct;20(10):2133-2145. [Abstract]

HEK293T cells were transfected with HA-8A or HA-NSs at a dose of 2 μg for 24 h, and then transfected with poly(I:C) for 24 h. Co-IP with HA antibodies and evaluation of LC3, TBK1 and TRIM25 with western blot using IgG as control.

Polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid sodium purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Autophagy. 2024 Oct;20(10):2133-2145. [Abstract]

HEK293T cells were transfected with pCAGGS, HA-NSs and HA-8A, HA-PxxP, HA-DWP, or HA-WxxL at a dose of 2 μg for 24 h, and then transfected with poly(I:C) for 24 h. IFNB and IFIT1 mRNA levels were analyzed with RT-qPCR.

Polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid sodium purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Autophagy. 2024 Oct;20(10):2133-2145. [Abstract]

HeLa cells were transfected with pCAGGS, HA-8A or HA-NSs at a dose of 2 μg for 24 h, and then transfected with poly(I:C) for 24 h. IFNB, IFIT1 and CXCL10 mRNA levels were analyzed with RT-qPCR.

Polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid sodium purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Autophagy. 2024 Oct;20(10):2133-2145. [Abstract]

BECN1 knockout HeLa cells were transfected with pCAGGS, HA-8A or HA-NSs for 24 h, and then transfected with poly(I:C) for 24 h. IFNB, IFIT1 and CXCL10 mRNA levels were analyzed with RT-qPCR.
Nat Commun

De novo design of protein condensation inhibitors by targeting an allosteric site of cGAS. [Abstract]

2025 Jun 3;16(1):5140. PMID: 40461475
Nat Commun

Identification of splenic IRF7 as a nanotherapy target for tele-conditioning myocardial reperfusion injury. [Abstract]

2025 Feb 24;16(1):1909. PMID: 39994192
Hepatology

GPC3-based circular RNA vaccine suppresses hepatocellular carcinoma progression by activating adaptive immune responses. [Abstract]

2025 Nov 7. PMID: 41201153
ACS Nano

Reductive Adjuvant Nanosystem for Alleviated Atopic Dermatitis Syndromes. [Abstract]

2025 Feb 4;19(4):4195-4212. PMID: 39846120
Acta Pharm Sin B

Spatiotemporally delivery of Cas9 ribonucleoprotein/DNAzyme logic systems using near-infrared upconversion nanomachine for precise immunotherapy. [Abstract]

2025 Oct;15(10):5431-5443. PMID: 41132842
J Exp Clin Cancer Res

VSIG4+ tumor-associated macrophages mediate neutrophil infiltration and impair antigen-specific immunity in aggressive cancers through epigenetic regulation of SPP1. [Abstract]

2025 Feb 7;44(1):45. PMID: 39920772
Adv Sci (Weinh)

NMI Regulates Adipose Adaptive Thermogenesis Through TLR4/IRF3 Signaling to Promote Obesity. [Abstract]

2026 Jun 2:e75921. PMID: 42228052
Adv Sci (Weinh)

RNF213 Is an Interferon-Stimulated Gene That Targets Influenza A Virus NP and Activates MDA5 to Restrict Infection. [Abstract]

2026 Mar 18:e11012. PMID: 41849692
Chem Eng J

Inhalable nanovaccine with biomimetic coronavirus structure to trigger mucosal immunity of respiratory tract against COVID-19. [Abstract]

2021 Aug 15:418:129392. PMID: 33762883

Polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid sodium purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Chem Eng J. 2021 Aug 15:418:129392. [Abstract]

Immunofluorescence staining photographs of lung sections. Scale bars, 100 μm. (I: PBS, II: Poly(I:C), III: PL-Poly(I:C), IV: NL-Poly(I:C), V: PL-Poly(I:C)/RBD, VI: NL-Poly(I:C)/RBD).
Biosens Bioelectron

In situ spatiotemporal tracking of endogenous protein dynamics with allosteric genetically encoded biosensor in living cells. [Abstract]

2026 Oct 15:310:118829. PMID: 42184477
J Exp Med

Defects in intron recycling suppress the antiviral response via a mechanism of intronic endogenous dsRNA. [Abstract]

2026 Apr 6;223(4):e20250344. PMID: 41817448
Cell Commun Signal

Grass carp reovirus VP35 hijacks DHX15 into phase-separated inclusion bodies to evade host antiviral immunity. [Abstract]

2026 Feb 9;24(1):168. PMID: 41664180
Mol Ther

Targeting O-GlcNAcylated METTL3 impedes MDS/AML progression via diminishing SRSF1 m6A modification. [Abstract]

2025 Dec 3;33(12):6146-6159. PMID: 40914805
Phytomedicine

Si-Ni-San ameliorates chronic colitis by modulating type I interferons-mediated inflammation. [Abstract]

2021 Apr:84:153495. PMID: 33611210
Cell Death Discov

RIPK1 S213E mutant suppresses RIPK1-dependent cell death by preventing interactions with RIPK3 and CASP8. [Abstract]

2025 Jul 25;11(1):345. PMID: 40715038
J Transl Med

Truncated APC impairs innate immune response by targeting MAVS on mitochondria in colorectal cancer. [Abstract]

2025 Nov 10;23(1):1252. PMID: 41214683
Mol Ther Oncolytics

TRIM22 orchestrates the proliferation of GBMs and the benefits of TMZ by coordinating the modification and degradation of RIG-I. [Abstract]

2022 Aug 25:26:413-428. PMID: 36159777

Polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid sodium purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Mol Ther Oncolytics. 2022 Aug 25:26:413-428. [Abstract]

Dual-luciferase reporter assay of PPAS (20 ng/ml for 24 h) on CCAR1 promoter in U251MG and 293T cells was performed.
Cancer Immunol Res

The E3 ubiquitin ligase FBXO38 maintains the antitumor function of natural killer cells by sustaining IL-15R signaling. [Abstract]

2024 Oct 1;12(10):1438-1451. PMID: 38990095
Clin Transl Med

IBR1, a novel endogenous IFIH1-binding dsRNA, governs IFIH1 activation and M1 macrophage polarisation in ARDS. [Abstract]

2024 Sep;14(9):e70027. PMID: 39313944
Cell Rep

HSPA2 modulates antiviral immunity by inhibiting TBK1 activation. [Abstract]

2026 Apr 3;45(4):117222. PMID: 41934636
Cell Rep

4-octyl itaconate inhibits cytokine-mediated inflammation via alkylation of TYK2 and JAK1. [Abstract]

2026 Mar 30;45(4):117179. PMID: 41915469
Food Front

2025 Nov 6.
Liver Int

Human poliovirus receptor contributes to biliary atresia pathogenesis by exacerbating natural-killer-cell-mediated bile duct injury. [Abstract]

2022 Dec;42(12):2724-2742. PMID: 36251580
Nutrients

Aqueous Extract of Fructus Choerospondiatis Peel Suppresses Vascular Inflammation and Alleviates Atherosclerosis via AKT/c-FOS/IL-6 Axis. [Abstract]

2025 Dec 19;18(1):21. PMID: 41515139
Int Immunopharmacol

Minimolide F alleviates inflammatory diseases by specifically targeting STING and blocking IRF3 recruitment. [Abstract]

2026 May 1:176:116468. PMID: 41819671
Int Immunopharmacol

A VZV-gE subunit vaccine decorated with mPLA elicits protective cellular immmune responses against varicella-zoster virus. [Abstract]

2025 Feb 6:147:114033. PMID: 39799738
mBio

Lipid droplets and small extracellular vesicles interplay in Japanese encephalitis virus non-lytic release. [Abstract]

2026 Jun 10;17(6):e0042326. PMID: 42159429
Cell Signal

Hedgehog pathway inhibitor HhAntag suppresses virus infection via the GLI-S1PR axis. [Abstract]

2025 Aug:132:111807. PMID: 40239727
Virol Sin

RIPK3 promotes hantaviral replication by restricting JAK-STAT signaling without triggering necroptosis. [Abstract]

2023 Oct;38(5):741-754. PMID: 37633447
Virol Sin

Antibiotic-induced gut bacteria depletion has no effect on HBV replication in HBV immune tolerance mouse model. [Abstract]

2023 Jun;38(3):335-343. PMID: 37141990
J Innate Immun

Impact of ATP Synthase Subunit β on TLR Signaling Pathway in Promoting Airway Remodeling and Heterogeneity of Small Airway Epithelial Cells in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. [Abstract]

2025 Jul 28:1-27. PMID: 40720940
Poult Sci

Duck plague virus US2 promotes p62-mediated autophagic degradation of RIG-I to suppress antiviral signaling. [Abstract]

2026 May 20;105(8):107155. PMID: 42190475
FASEB J

WNT2B activates macrophages via NF-κB signaling pathway in inflammatory bowel disease. [Abstract]

2024 Mar 31;38(6):e23551. PMID: 38489235
Fish Shellfish Immunol

CiLSM14Aa acts as a cytosolic dsRNA sensor to activate antiviral immunity against GCRV-II. [Abstract]

2026 Apr:171:111162. PMID: 41611139
Fish Shellfish Immunol

Cloning, functional characterization of PfLectin_C, a novel C-type lectin gene in pearl oyster Pinctada fucata, and its roles in immune defense and transplantation immunity. [Abstract]

2026 Feb:169:111053. PMID: 41344455
J Virol

PEDV Nsp14 induces mitophagy-mediated degradation of MAVS to antagonize host innate immunity and facilitate viral proliferation. [Abstract]

2025 Aug 19;99(8):e0049825. PMID: 40631894
Curr Issues Mol Biol

Impact of SARS-CoV-2 Variant NSP6 on Pathogenicity: Genetic Analysis and Cell Biology. [Abstract]

2025 May 14;47(5):361. PMID: 40699760
J Funct Foods

2026 May 30;142:107364.
Vet Res

TRIM7 suppresses transmissible gastroenteritis virus replication by targeting the degradation of N protein and activating RIG-I-mediated type I IFN antiviral response. [Abstract]

2025 Nov 5;56(1):210. PMID: 41194212
Vet Res

RSAD2 suppresses viral replication by interacting with the Senecavirus A 2 C protein. [Abstract]

2024 Sep 27;55(1):115. PMID: 39334325
Cancer Med

Inhibition of FGFR3 upregulates MHC-I and PD-L1 via TLR3/NF-kB pathway in muscle-invasive bladder cancer. [Abstract]

2023 Jul;12(14):15676-15690. PMID: 37283287
Chem Biol Drug Des

Investigation Into the Inhibition of Ferroptosis by Praeruptorin-A in Sepsis Based on Network Pharmacology. [Abstract]

2025 Nov;106(5):e70196. PMID: 41195620
Chem Biol Drug Des

Praeruptorin A inhibits the activation of NF-κB pathway and the expressions of inflammatory factors in poly (I:C)-induced RAW264.7 cells. [Abstract]

2023 Nov;102(5):1110-1120. PMID: 37500542
Vet Microbiol

miR-17195 promotes infectious bronchitis virus proliferation and macrophage-mediated inflammation via the PLCβ2-TAK1 axis. [Abstract]

2026 Feb:313:110834. PMID: 41447967
Vet Microbiol

Serum amyloid P component suppresses porcine epidemic diarrhea virus replication through TLR4-mediated IFN-β signaling pathway. [Abstract]

2025 May:304:110459. PMID: 40080977

Polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid sodium purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Vet Microbiol. 2025 May:304:110459. [Abstract]

HEK-293T cells were transfected with pGFP-C1-SAP or GFP-C1 and stimulated with or without Poly (I:C):Kanamycin (1:1) and SeV, respectively. After cell collection, the expression levels of relevant factors were detected by RT-qPCR.

Polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid sodium purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Vet Microbiol. 2025 May:304:110459. [Abstract]

HEK-293T cells were transfected with pGFP-C1-SAP or GFP-C1 and stimulated with or without Poly (I:C):Kanamycin (1:1) and SeV, respectively. After cell collection, the expression levels of relevant factors were detected by Western blotting.
Curr Microbiol

Poly I: C Alleviated Duck Intestinal Injury Infected with Duck Viral Enteritis by Inhibiting Apoptosis. [Abstract]

2024 Aug 6;81(9):296. PMID: 39105989
Virology

Rab4b is associated with inflammatory responses and TLR3-related signaling during Japanese encephalitis virus infection. [Abstract]

2026 Sep:622:110980. PMID: 42229201
Virology

Akabane virus infection induces PABP1 nuclear retention and inhibits IFN-β production. [Abstract]

2026 Jun:619:110878. PMID: 41880901
Transbound Emerg Dis

Porcine Rotavirus NSP4 Inhibits Type I Interferon Production via NRBF2-Mediated Autophagic Degradation of MDA-5. [Abstract]

2026;2026(1):e5789277. PMID: 42338383
World J Tradit Chin Med

2025 Oct 28.
Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol

Effect of Chloroquine on Type 2 Inflammatory Response in MC903-Induced Atopic Dermatitis Mice. [Abstract]

2024 May 14:17:1093-1105. PMID: 38765196
Biochem Biophys Res Commun

Sequential administration of delta-tocotrienol ameliorates radiation-induced myelosuppression in mice and non-human primates through inducing G-CSF production. [Abstract]

2024 Apr 16:704:149661. PMID: 38417343
Dev Comp Immunol

Genome-wide analysis unveils the differentiated "external" and "internal" lectin system in the tropical sea cucumber Holothuria leucospilota. [Abstract]

2025 Dec:173:105527. PMID: 41274536
Dev Comp Immunol

Porcine IFI44L inhibits transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV) replication by activating IFN-Ⅰ signaling pathway. [Abstract]

2025 Sep 29:172:105483. PMID: 41033382
Transpl Immunol

TLR3 stimulation rejuvenates aged mesenchymal stem cells and restores immunosuppressive function in graft-versus-host disease. [Abstract]

2026 Feb:94:102346. PMID: 41520686
Patent

US20250235423A1.
bioRxiv

2024 September 23.
bioRxiv

Elevated levels of intracellular RNA lariats suppress the antiviral response. [Abstract]

2024 Dec 8:2024.12.07.627371. PMID: 39677789
Res Sq

2024 Nov 14.
SSRN

2023 Apr 29.
SSRN

2021 Apr 26.

Solvent & Solubility

In Vitro:

H₂O : ≥ 10 mg/mL

* "≥" means soluble, but saturation unknown.

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

In Vivo:

Working Solution

For the following dissolution methods, please prepare the working solution directly:

It is recommended to prepare fresh solutions and use them promptly within a short period of time.

The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

Protocol 1

Add each solvent one by one: PBS

Solubility: ≥ 10 mg/mL; Clear solution

Purity & Documentation

Select Batch:

Purity: 99.98%

Assay: 99.98%

ee.: 99.98%

Data Sheet (276 KB)
SDS (252 KB)
- English - EN (252 KB)
- Français - FR (252 KB)
- Deutsch - DE (252 KB)
- Norwegian - NO (252 KB)
- Español - ES (252 KB)
- Swedish - SV (252 KB)
- Italian - IT (252 KB)
- Korean - KR (252 KB)
- Portuguese - PT (252 KB)
COA (2659 KB)
Elemental Analysis Report (2659 KB)
HNMR (2659 KB)
CNMR (2659 KB)
RP-HPLC (2659 KB)
NP-HPLC (2659 KB)
MS (2659 KB)
LCMS (2659 KB)
IR (2659 KB)
GC (2659 KB)
OR (2659 KB)
SDS-PAGE (2659 KB)
SEC-HPLC (2659 KB)
Other Report (2659 KB)
Handling Instructions (2659 KB)

References

[1]. Besch R, et al. Proapoptotic signaling induced by RIG-I and MDA-5 results in type I interferon-independent apoptosis in human melanoma cells. J Clin Invest. 2009 Aug;119(8):2399-411. [Content Brief]

[2]. Cheng YS, et al. Anticancer function of polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid. Cancer Biol Ther. 2010 Dec 15;10(12):1219-23. [Content Brief]

[3]. Robert Field, et al. Systemic challenge with the TLR3 agonist poly I:C induces amplified IFNalpha/beta and IL-1beta responses in the diseased brain and exacerbates chronic neurodegeneration. Brain Behav Immun. 2010 Aug;24(6):996-1007. [Content Brief]

Calculators

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Help & FAQs

How should lyophilized recombinant proteins be reconstituted and stored?

1. Before opening the cap, centrifuge the vial at 13000 rpm for 20-30 seconds. This step will ensure that any lyophilized powder that may have adhered to the cap or walls is collected at the bottom of the vial, minimizing the risk of product loss.

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Polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid sodium

71 Cited Publications

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Polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid sodium

Resiquimod

Pam3CSK4 TFA

ODN 1826

Lipopolysaccharides, from E. coli O55:B5

RS 09

Gardiquimod